...Brief History of the Gold Standard in the United States Craig K. Elwell Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy June 23, 2011 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41887 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Brief History of the Gold Standard in the United States Summary The U.S. monetary system is based on paper money backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government. The currency is neither valued in, backed by, nor officially convertible into gold or silver. Through much of its history, however, the United States was on a metallic standard of one sort or another. On occasion, there are calls for Congress to return to such a system. Such calls are usually accompanied by claims that gold or silver backing has provided considerable economic benefits in the past. This report briefly reviews the history of the gold standard in the United States. It is intended to clarify the dates during which the standard was used, the type of gold standard in operation at the various times, and the statutory changes used to alter the standard and eventually end it. It is not a discussion of the merits of such a system. The United States began with a bimetallic standard in which the dollar was defined in terms of both gold or silver at weights and fineness such that gold and silver were set in value to each other at a ratio of 15 to 1. Because world markets valued them at a 15½ to 1 ratio, much of the gold left the country and...
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...Client Interview & Case Briefs; Analogizing/Distinguishing Unit 4 Assignment Kimberly Glackin PA205-04 Kaplan University Professor Hermes September 14, 2012 Case Brief #1: Mitchell v. Lovington Good Samaritan Center, Inc., 555 P.2d 696 (N.M. 1976). Facts: The plaintiff was terminated from the Lovington Good Samaritan Center, Inc. on June 4, 1974. On June 12, 1974 Mrs. Mitchell applied for unemployment benefits and was denied seven weeks of benefits by the Unemployment Security Commission deputy. Mrs. Mitchell filed an appeal which in turn the Appeal Tribunal overturned the deputy’s decision. Mrs. Mitchell’s benefits were restored on August 28, 1974. On September 13, 1974 the Center didn’t agree and appealed the decision made by the Appeal Tribunal to the Commission. The Commission overruled the Appeal Tribunal and reestablished the seven week exclusion period. Mrs. Mitchell then applied for and was granted certiorari from the decision to the District Court of Bernalillo County. The District Court reversed the Commission’s decision and ordered the benefits to be reinstated. Issue: The issue is whether Mrs. Mitchell’s actions constituted misconduct under § 59-9-5(b), N.M.S.A. 1953. Rule: The term ‘misconduct’ is not clear in the Unemployment Compensation Law. The Wisconsin Supreme Court found that in a previous case no statutory definition of misconduct existed. They verbalized a definition for such however the Supreme Court of New Mexico accepts the definition...
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...Exploring Adolescent Pregnancy Issues in Peckham London Borough of Southwark. Introduction: Adolescent pregnancy issues are a growing problem in England. Adolescent mothers are very much likely to face challenges of social exclusion arising from their circumstance. Their babies are more likely to suffer health challenges that may lead to poor health and premature death . It is therefore not surprising that health and social care providers pay particular attention to addressing the level of adolescent pregnancy trends, in other to improve the quality of life of young people. This report would attempt to conceptualise adolescent pregnancy issues as an urban health problem in the Peckham area of Southwark. The report will also look at a brief profile of the demography of Peckham / Southwark Council in relation to the adolescent pregnancy challenges it faces and its implications for health /social service delivery providers. . The concluding part of this report provides recommendations to the relevant local health authorities on how to address the growing prevalence of adolescent pregnancy problems amongst girls. Understanding Urban Health, the Rationale of Adolescent Pregnancy, the Demographics of Peckham, London Borough of Southwark: Urban health as a concept is a generic term that is used to describe the whole gamut of policy interventions provided by health and social care professionals to both private and public sector institutions (Marmot...
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...Together as One Often described as a “melting pot”, the United States of America has a rich history of welcoming immigrants, with their many traditions and customs, with open arms. Before the founding fathers signed their declaration, the “New World” of America was already viewed as a safe haven and land of freedom for those escaping religious and social persecution. As our nation developed, the stream of immigrants increased, fueling industrialization through the mid to late 1800s. On the heels of the Industrial Revolution, immigration numbers spiked, leading to Emergency Quota Acts in the 1920s. Such restrictions continued through the rest of the century, changing the ethnic makeup of the United States. In recent years, heated discussions concerning immigration have emerged on the national political platform. As the nation’s leaders reevaluate the role of immigrants in the United States, from a legal perspective it is important to remember the influence such people have had on the nation’s social, cultural, and economical history. Since the founding of the United States, numerous legislative acts that have been passed by the government, in order to regulate the immigrants entering to America. In 1798, four such laws were passed by the United States Congress. Referred to as the Alien and Sedition Acts, these laws were created due to the fear of war with France, and they were intended to strengthen the Federal Government. Sponsored by the Federalist Party, the Acts...
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...conditions, more competition and demands for differential treatment. The governments of developing countries should be held accountable for the poverty that their people face. Their rules need to be disbanded and then the formation of new rules can help to regain their food security and foreign receipts of economies. The formation of new rules would help to bring down the poverty levels and enhance fairness between citizens. Liberalization and free trade can spark economic growth and help to reduce poverty in developing countries and is needed in order to enhance global trading (Shah, 2013). The World Trade Organization has made great strides in the agricultural trade reform, but we still have a ways to go. Global agricultural trade issues have been around a long time with under developed countries. The twentieth century brought about problems that became more of a global concern. These problems posed a challenge to policy makers to address and build polices that can end the inhuman cycle of poverty. Is it acceptable that we live in a world where there is such a gap between the rich countries and the...
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...Rick Ankiel is known amongst baseball fans for his unprecedented failure as a pitcher and his stunning comeback as an outfielder. A lot of mystery surrounds Ankiel’s sudden ineffectiveness as a pitcher. A brief stint in the majors in 1999, starting only five games, showed flashes of what 19-year-old Ankiel was capable of. During a brilliant rookie campaign in the 2000 season, in which he finished second in National League Rookie of the Year voting, Ankiel sported a 3.50 Earned Run Average (ERA) and struck out 194 batters in 175.0 innings pitched (Rick Ankiel Stats, 2017). Given Ankiel’s success on the mound, Cardinals manager Tony La Russa chose to start him in game one of the National League Divisional Series against the Atlanta Braves. Starting...
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...powerful grasp of the technical aspect of life and well put together stats. Mona is a fun writer with a more informal approach that allows us to have an experience as we read through it. Jeff has his empathy and gives us a more emotional approach to giving us the news. Lastly Michael giving us a decent mix of all three. Most of them use rhetorical strategies and syntax extremely well and allow for a good reading experience and developed thought. However one of them is slightly lesser than the others and due to recent events they will have to be let go. Michael Levin has a good point in The Case for Torture. The essay does well to use Logos to make its points. He proposes several hypothetical situations in which people are given the moral choice, Torture a terrorist or lose several innocent lives. As he states...
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...buys from the semiconductor industry. Selecting or electing the board of directors is a crucial aspect of our business as it involves a lot of important decisions to be taken off guard and we cannot put the company at stake involving people without the necessary skills to do so. Finally, I appreciate your views and the time you have taken out to convey the same, if we do come across any women who match the required criteria mentioned above, we will be more than happy to invite her to work with us. Sincerely, T.J. Rodgers President CEO TJR/cxs ANALYSIS Hi Rodjers, I do appreciate what you were trying to convey to Sister Gormley but a six page reply was completely unnecessary and was not at all required. You have just magnified the issue at hand by writing a six page reply to a one page letter. It is clearly evident from the size and content that your intentions...
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...Question 1 You are in charge of the IT department for your organisation. Write an essay evaluating the use of the Internet as a business tool for your organization. 1. Introduction The internet has had a phenomenal impact on how businesses worldwide operate and the Zimbabwe Energy Regulatory Authority (ZERA) has not been an exception. Though the superhighway has some potholes nevertheless it has enabled ZERA to fulfil its mandate and as a result the internet is now an indispensable tool. ZERA is an energy regulator formed in 2012 by an Act of Parliament and mandated to regulate the energy industry through the issuance of licences to players in the energy sector, offer advice on energy to government and do research on energy technologies among other roles. Several researchers such as Lane et al., (2004); Pare (2002); Darley (2003) and Rwigema and Venter (2004) argue that the Internet has transformed the way in which business is done in the following ways: It (i) transcends the boundaries of time and space allowing business to be conducted at any and all the time in any and all locations across the world; (ii) allows penetration of global markets without incurring logistical costs of access; (iii) allows organizations to offer their products and services in different locations without having to set up separate sales infrastructure in each location; (iv) allows small businesses to compete more effectively with big businesses; and (v) allows buyers and sellers to communicate...
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...Case Study: Delia v. E.M.A. et al Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx University of Maryland University College HCAD 650 Fall 2012 October 5, 2013 Case Study: Delia v. E.M.A. et al This paper reviews a case study of a medical malpractice suit that resulted in a claim against the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services for their practice of recovering settlements paid for medical expenses. Legal controversies with medical impact rarely reach the United States Supreme Court because such cases must go through several levels of hearings and appeals before even being considered by the Supreme Court. Medical issues must involve interpretation of the US Constitution or federal law, and at least four of the nine justices must agree to accept a case. The Supreme Court reviews only a small percentage of the several thousand cases submitted each year. Consequently, most medical controversies at law take place in state courts. Subject United States Supreme Court Case No. 12-98. Albert A. Delia, Secretary, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services v. E.M.A., a Minor, By and Through Her Guardian ad Litem, Daniel H. Johnson, et al. Later the case was changed to: No. 12-98. Aldona Wos, Secretary, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Petitioner v. E.M.A., a Minor, By and Through Her Guardian ad Litem, Daniel H. Johnson, et al. The purpose of the case was to resolve the conflict between the opinions of the 4th U. S. Court of Appeals in this case...
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...Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques (3rd ed.) Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber, and Jian Pei University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign & Simon Fraser University ©2011 Han, Kamber & Pei. All rights reserved. Adapted for CSE 347-447, Lecture 1b, Spring 2015 1 1 Introduction n n n n n n n n n n Why Data Mining? What Is Data Mining? A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining What Kind of Data Can Be Mined? What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined? What Technologies Are Used? What Kind of Applications Are Targeted? Major Issues in Data Mining A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society Summary 2 Why Data Mining? n The Explosive Growth of Data: from terabytes to petabytes n Data collection and data availability n Automated data collection tools, database systems, Web, computerized society n Major sources of abundant data n n n Business: Web, e-commerce, transactions, stocks, … Science: Remote sensing, bioinformatics, scientific simulation, … Society and everyone: news, digital cameras, YouTube n n We are drowning in data, but starving for knowledge! “Necessity is the mother of invention”—Data mining—Automated analysis of massive data sets 3 Evolution of Sciences: New Data Science Era n n Before 1600: Empirical science 1600-1950s: Theoretical science n Each discipline has grown a theoretical component. Theoretical models often motivate experiments and generalize our understanding...
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...Chapter 14 Brief Employee Performances Introduction I choose to do this week’s brief on Using HRIS to observe Employee Performances. According to Human Resources Information System (Kavanagh, Thite, Johnson, 2012), an HRIS system should help in the process of Performance Management. This process should include performance planning, observing performance, and providing positive and corrective feedback, and developing periodic performance summaries. Companies use these performance reviews, and employees provide performance, and in exchange employers provide rewards, which are distributed via payroll systems. Should all feedback be positive, or negative? Should rewards be given for employee performance? Should companies get rid of the performance reviews? I found a recent article that makes these arguments. Results As I first read through the article, I thought that the reader was as I was before taking this HRIS course. I was ignorant to the benefits of HRIS systems. I continued to read and found that my thoughts were true. According to Samuel A. Culbert, Get Rid of Performance Reviews, (2012), performance reviews destroys morale, kills teamwork, and hurts the bottom line. According to HRIS (2012), performance data is used for promotions, lay offs, assignment to training programs, developmental assignments, training and development, and staffing. It’s not to kill moral, teamwork and the company’s bottom line. Culbert says that although performance reviews are...
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...PSY 302 Complete Course PSY302 Complete Course Click Link for the Answer: http://workbank247.com/q/psy-302-complete-course-psy302-complete-course/22110 http://workbank247.com/q/psy-302-complete-course-psy302-complete-course/22110 PSY 302 Module 1 Assignment 1: Autobiography * A brief paragraph introducing yourself to your classmates. Include information such as your name, location, profession, how long you have been at Argosy, and your favorite psychology course so far. * From the list below, select a topic you would like to conduct a study on. If you wish to explore a topic that is not on this list, please check with your instructor for permission. * A short discussion of the topic area, such as the meaningfulness of the topic, how the topic might be embedded within a larger conceptual framework (e.g., a topic such as how the size of the jackpot affects lottery decisions might be under the broader umbrella of risk-taking behavior), where to go to find out more when researching the topic, and how you could elaborate on a topic by looking at moderator variables or exceptions. List of potential topics: * Media's influence on aggression * Media's influence on body image * Effective treatments for chemical dependency * Driving safety and types of distractions * The role of introversion/extraversion on marital bliss or employee performance * Suggestibility: do television ads change behavior? * Factors affecting career choice ...
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...people using it either in their personal life (storing multi-media contents or streaming music etc.) or in professional environments (cloud data centers in various corporate operations). This case study takes a brief look into how Volvo took advantage of this technology to create value. Also, related issues with how data and information is utilized in this company are discussed as well. Integrating cloud infrastructure Understanding cloud technology is important to understand its implementation and integration for business needs. Cloud technology evolved from the use of virtualization in IT infrastructures. According to Turban & Volonino, the Idea behind cloud based IT infra structures is to store various software based applications and volumes of valuable data on Cloud vendors’ data centers rather than on local servers (Turban & Volonino p47, 2011). However, larger companies or ones with high need for security do keep their own data at their own central data storage servers, also called private cloud. Having a cloud based IT has the advantage of providing the required data, collected from various sources, available to various part of a company who have the right privileges and access to the cloud. Volvo collects huge volumes of data such as vital real time vehicle stats, data from customer relationship systems, dealership systems, and product development and design systems. This huge amount of data is then streamed into a centralized analysis hub, the Volvo Data Warehouse (GLOBAL...
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...ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Research Question: How the credit system and market speculation lead to the infamous Wall Street crashes of 1929 and how they were the main causes of the Great Depression. The Sources: 1. Bierman, Jr., Harold. "Great Crash of 1929." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. 2010. Grolier Online. 21 Feb. 2010 . * This database source gives a brief overview of the Great Crash of 1929, its causes, its effects and the various statistics and figures associated with the Great Crash. This is a secondary source and is reliable as it is written by a professor of Business Administration at Cornell University who has cited credible sources. The source has a non-partisan view point as it details more facts than individual perspective; however any biases that existed would eventually be counterbalanced by other sources. The main limitation of this source is that it is a brief overview of the causes of the Great Crash. The facts presented in this source which will further substantiate my argument in the research paper. 2. Coolidge, Calvin. Address. State of the Union. Capitol Hill, Washington D.C. 4 Dec. 1928. State of the Union Address Library. 4 Mar. 2009. Web. 16 Mar. 2010. . * This speech was given by President Calvin Coolidge on Dec 5, 1928. This speech almost a year before the Great Crash of 1929. He addresses the American public and praises them for their virtues and also glorifies the extent of prosperity in America by claiming that it is something...
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