...American society and Economy – BMAN 20610 Has Affirmative Action had any positive results? Should the policy be abandoned? ‘Affirmative Action has had an indelible imprint on the university environment’ [1] With primary focus on the impact that affirmative action (AA) has had to African Americans in regard to College admission, this essay will seek to ascertain to what extent the policy has lead to positive results. While in addition, evaluating whether this policy is both a legitimate and a necessary feature within Universities in contemporary America, or should be abandoned. Following President Johnson signing into law, executive order 11246 in 1965, the concept of affirmative action was formed and subsequently integrated within the college admission process in the United States. The primary intention of the policy was to ‘redress the disadvantages associated with overt historical discrimination’. [2] While furthermore, seeking to ensure that institutions, such as Universities, were more ‘representative of the populations they serve’. [3] Since the implementation of the policy, throughout American University Campuses and the corridors of power in Washington, both debate and discourse has taken place in regard to the fairness and necessity of the practice of Affirmative Action within the College Admission process. As asserted by Garcia, those in favour of Affirmative action programs within Colleges viewed that the implementation of the policy was evidently ‘a...
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...in television, sports, and films in ways that have been changed in our society” (Omi 655). Stereotypes play an important role in today's society and particularly in Propaganda. According to the Webster's Dictionary stereotyping is defined as “a fixed conventional notion or conception of an individual or group of people, held by a number of people.” (Webster’s dictionary) Stereotypes can be basic or complex generalizations which people apply to individuals or groups based on their appearance, behavior and beliefs. Stereotypes are found everywhere. Though our world seems to be improving in many ways it seems almost impossible to liberate it from stereotypes. For example, African- Americans are associated with basketball, and acting. Asian – American men are made out to be the bad guys in film, women are seen as prostitutes and are sexual abused. Last but not least Latino’s are popping up everywhere, in hit TV shows like Ugly Betty, in major league baseball and in the music business. Stereotypes have existed since the beginning of time in our everyday life through religion, politics and the media. Humans have the tendency to use stereotypes in their humour, their descriptions of others, and even in their beliefs. One may believe it is possible to rid oneself of such habits; however if one looked at the regular promotions of propaganda, it would make this objective impossible. Stereotypes, however, aren't always negative. Propaganda is a force which can influence and affect everyone;...
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...How did Sal Castro’s personal history inform his action on behalf of his students? When Sal was two, his father was sent to Mexico, his parents also separate of cause of the departure of the spanish throughout the Great Depression, he was a Sal Castro was a history teacher at the Latino School and he was popular with his students. Sal Castro was a teacher who stood up for his students and fought and did a strike with his students. He also helped improve the school district. He was not against with students walkouts, he actually supported it. For the fact that Sal Castro was not against for these purpose, students felt in power. What did the Civil Rights Movement of African Americans in the South have to do with Mexican American kids in Los Angeles? The Civil Rights Movement of African Americans in the South have to do with Mexican American Kids in Los Angeles. Throughout this time the government approved that segregation became unconstitutional by the Brown vs. Board of education government. A governor named Henry B. Gonzalez was one who helped on approving the laws. He was part of the middle class and the lower class as well. He was the first Mexican American who won a seat in the US House of...
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...Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Lauren Raven CJS/221 Alan Hazel 3-15-2015 Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Experiences with social institutions and law enforcement agencies shape the worldview by influencing community-police relations through individual and group perception. The patterns and existence of institutionalized discrimination, contextual discrimination, and individual discriminatory behaviors within the criminal justice system carry considerable influence on public perception of police departments. The effects of social class, race, and ethnicity on citizen opinions of how law enforcement agencies operate include instances of corruption, systematic discrimination, and general misunderstandings of cultural diversities. Institutionalized discrimination describes a wider pattern of events regarding discriminatory practices incorporated into processes, procedures, and organizational structure (Walker, Spone, Delone, 2012). An example may include policies that permit judges to consider employment or domestic history in their decision making process.Whether these occurrences are due to prejudice or racism, or are the result of a general lack of consideration for the needs of various social identities, they essentially indicate a problematic system. Pure justice provides restorative justice for victims and their rights, yet attains an unbiased, unprejudiced...
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...Stereotyping and Profiling – The Negative Effect on Society Glenn A Smith ENG102 Sullivan University Composition 102 Abstract This essay shows the negative effects society encounters from stereotyping and profiling and some solutions to how, we as a nation, can overcome this plague. Stereotyping is the act of making an assumption or generalization of a particular person or group of persons based on misconceptions usually extending to how they might act or what they represent or just categorizing these people and groups as to what they are like. Profiling is the process in which we base information on a person or group from past knowledge of their traits or actions. Some researchers’ feel that many of us unconscientiously stereotype and profile without even knowing and that our rearing traditions have also contributed to this way of thinking. Profiling can be implemented by different approaches such as racial profiling, facial profiling even as simple as individual or group profiling. Stereotyping and profiling can affect anyone, rich or poor, black or white, famous or ordinary, and does not consider any age or gender. Humiliation and degradation will come about within each person. As a nation, changes are needed on how we view and accept one another; teach our children the effects of this behavior at home and school, and stress to our government to undertake ways to establish effective means of profiling for security measures that will not violate constitutional...
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...males and the working class. Discuss the accuracy of UK crime statistics and evaluate sociological explanations for offending in two of these groups. The official statistics consistently show that the working class, the young, males and members of some minority ethnic groups are more likely to commit crimes than the middle class (Haralambos & Holborn, 2008). The main source of these statistics is gathered from crimes recorded by the police and courts and through the British Crime Survey (BSC). The British Crime Survey was sent out to a random sample of the population and asked respondents for their experiences of crime over the previous year. This survey has been carried out by the Home Office since 1982. The results highlighted a discrepancy between the official statistics and people’s experiences of crime, showing that there was a high level of unrecorded crime. The combination of both of these statistics should provide a picture of the full extent of crime in Britain, however, sociologists believe there are a number of factors that influence these figures and that these official statistics do not reflect a true representation of crime in Britain today (www.studyzones.com). The official statistics provide information on the total number of crimes recorded by the police. A crime is only recorded when it comes to someone’s attention that a crime has been committed, reported to the relevant agency and the agency’s willingness to accept that the law has been broken (Haralambos...
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...Were you read to as a child? Do you remember your favorite story, or book? It is very possible that you can remember books from your childhood because they are extremely impactful. Children’s books have a huge impact on the development of the children who read them, making even their subliminal messages important. Sometimes, these books are extremely beneficial to the child who reads them. In the case of many books, though, negative subliminal messages are extremely prevalent, biasing the children who read them for life. While some may argue that children’s books are not capable of being harmful, or in this case, sexist, Harry Allard’s work, Miss Nelson is Missing, truly is sexist, as it is full of stereotypes and gender roles, it features...
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...(Williams) Discrimination is the common factor to inequality, it also links factors that affects the health. According to Williams and other sociologists found that “rates of reported discrimination were higher among Blacks and Whites than among their middle-class counterparts is inconsistent with previous research”. Reviews shown discrimination is taken serious between the groups of Blacks and White. Specified on the social class, middle class, minorities evolved overtime managing to live in the middle class due to their occupation. This also brings up the question as to why they still end up mentally sick, reason once again would be intimidation. Findings need to duplicate in larger, representative samples to improve the measurement of discrimination and understand its role in health. In the Research of Discrimination and Health, what helps the experiment even would have to be the income rate of these individuals. Reason being, the income rate determines where they live is another factor concerning...
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...COMM 315 Business Law and Ethics 07-Jan-08 |Law: |Ethics: | |if it’s not written it’s not law |norms | | |cultural values | | |if behaviour results in the greater good then it’s ethical | Class exercise: Trying to define legal versus ethical (class asked to provide examples of where legal/illegal/ethical/unethical meets): | |Ethical |Unethical | |Legal |Stopping at a red light |War | | |Paying taxes |Adultery* | | |Paying > minimum wage | | |Illegal|Abortion (still on the books as illegal, but many exceptions |Drug dealing (~half of class didn’t think it was bad, re/ | | |as to when it may be performed) |marijuana) ...
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...Part I Define the following terms: Term Definition White privilege rights or immunities granted as a particular benefit or favor for being White Racial profiling any arbitrary police-initiated action based on race, ethnicity, or natural origin rather than a person’s behavior Racism The belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race Reverse discrimination actions that cause better-qualified White men to be passed over for women and minority men Part II Complete the following using the MySocLab Social Explorer Map: Income Inequality by Race located on your student website: · Select 1 racial group from the list below: o African American o Asian American o Arab American o Hispanic American/Latino o White/Caucasian · Write a 250- to 350-word summary of the economic, social, and political standings of that group. Use additional resources if necessary, from the University Library or your textbooks. Even though all Americans have experiences hardship since the economic slowdown, African Americans have suffered greatly from this situation. The average income of African Americans has declined by 1.3 percent since 2000. Along with the decrease in income, the unemployment rate of African Americans has increased. African Americans also have higher rates of poverty and slower growing rates of employment than other minority groups. The political standing of African Americans is very interesting....
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...Gender Role Analysis Mindy Brown SOC/333 February 17, 2014 Erica Lloyd Gender Role Analysis Gender roles and stereotypes are often intertwined. Stereotypes can be positive or negative, and are speculations about the roles of each gender. The stereotypical female role is to marry, have children, and take care of the household duties. Stereotype of the male role is to be the family provider financially. Children learn these from adults as stereotypes and gender roles are passed from one generation to another. This paper will analyze gender roles shaped by education, norms of the government, its laws and its policies, and in the workplace. Gender Shaped by Education Gender roles and stereotypes are often reinforced in the classroom setting. Children learn these gender biases from their teachers and the materials used for learning. Some teachers have an unconscious bias toward a gender and make assumptions based on the gender's behavior and actions. Girls are expected to be polite and studious while boys are rational, unruly, and boisterous. Bias may also be social as well. Teachers may socially categorize children by race, class, and religion. For example, they may perceive African American girls to be more outspoken and louder than Caucasian girls. Teacher typically targeted boys of the Caucasian race as they asked and answered most questions (Scantlebury, 2009). Teachers may ask them more complicated questions than the girls. If they are unable to answer the question...
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...Abstract Prejudice can lead to many things. Hate crimes are something every individual has to be concerned with. Targets are not always based on race, but based on social class. Hate crimes are not always an uncontrollable or random act. Race motivated crimes occur when an ethnically or racially person starts to see a migration of people with different ethnic or racial backgrounds. Social class hate crimes occur when individuals feel they are trying to better their communities by ridding them of the undesirables. Prejudice will continue to exist because of human nature. Hate Crimes Hate crime can be defined as any crime that would violate a person’s civil right and is fueled by hostility towards a person’s race, sexual orientation gender, origin, creed, or religion. Typically when hearing of hate crimes, one thinks of crimes towards those of other races. Many places experience hate crimes against the homeless, mentally disabled or physically disabled people, (Hate Crimes, 2013). A common trait of a person who commits hate crimes is they are usually a member of a hate organization. Most people limit the groups to the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) or the Neo-Nazi. However, that may not always be the case. There are many hate crimes that are committed by a number of different groups, In some cases the person(s) feels they are doing a good thing for society and their community by making it a better, safer place. Other times they may be reacting on impulse since they believe in...
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...Women vs. Wal Mart Ethical Case Analysis Key Ethical Issue The main ethical issue in the Women and Wal-Mart case is its discrimination of women in the workforce, and how they go hand in hand with the utility, rights, and justice arguments of discrimination. The Utilitarian arguments claim that discrimination leads to inefficient use of human resources. This applies to the Wal-Mart case because they were not getting full use out of their employees because they would often times promote a man instead of a woman, even if she had more experience and was better qualified. Studies conducted by a statistical expert that the six women hired, Richard Drogin, revealed that a much larger amount of men were receiving promotions at every level in the Wal-Mart workplace, even though women’s performance ratings were higher than men’s. Wal-Mart was clearly not promoting or giving benefits to these women because of their gender, and they were stuck underneath the “glass ceiling.” The Rights-based arguments claim that discrimination violates basic human rights. In this case, Wal-Mart didn’t view women to be equal to men because men were receiving the promotions when it should have been the women, as stated before. A Kantian argument also states that a person would not want to be discriminated on the basis of their characteristics that do not affect the person’s ability to perform a job, in this case, being a woman. Wal-Mart is not viewing their male and female employees as equals, as...
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...This can be expressed through a range of representations such as novels - Kite Runner, a poem – Polynesian old man and a film – The help. These certain depictions have enriched my understandings of how alienation can emerge from disconnections made through cultural and family matters Kite Runner by Khalid Hosseini expresses several different concepts; one significantly represented though is cultural alienation. In this text it highlights the contrast between two races that are present in Afghanistan, the Hazaras a lower class race that society looks down upon and treats as servants and the Pashtuns a higher class race that society has approved of. This is exposed by quotes reflecting the way the Pashtuns refer to the Hazaras, “You! The Hazara, look at me when I talk to you, you mice eating flat nosed donkey.” Throughout the novel these two races are continually compared and contrasted against one another, showing us they can become disconnected by stereotypes formed in certain societies. Throughout the novel the composer really exaggerates the disconnection by using certain techniques such as motifs and symbolism. The Hazaras lived in mud huts that were partially destroyed, broken down, with no living space. Whilst the Pashtuns lived in stable buildings with working facilities and were significantly larger, so by this it could be conveyed that these environments were motifs, reflecting how the races that occupy them are perceived in society. Ironically this novel doesn’t...
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...Racial Disparity in Sentencing Racial disparity in sentencing in the criminal justice system is a problematic issue. Individuals often believe that racial disparity in sentencing does not exist; however, substantial proof in the criminal justice system proves otherwise. According to statistics of Marc Mauer, “unprecedented rise in the populations of prisons over the past three decades is a six fold increase, resulting in the incarceration of nearly two million Americans.” The breakdown of statistics is as follows: “One in every eight African-American male groups between 25-34 year old is a result of incarceration and 32% of African-American males born to society can expect to spend a term in a federal or state prison if the current racial disparity continues” (Mauer, 2004, p. 79). Four reasons of Racial Disparity The four reasons for the flourishing continuance of racial disparity in the criminal justice sentencing process are ineffective assistance of procedural bars, and council, jury selection and venue, prosecutorial discretion, and juror racism (Tabak, 1999, p. 6). Research documenting states like New York and California prosecutions have board spectrums concerning discretion seeking capital punishment; however, these four reasons apply to cases, which capital punishment is sought. “Capital punishment can be sought for intentional murders which individual may commit during the course of a felony and the intent to commit murder can be formed instantaneously before the...
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