...MGMT1135 – Assignment 2 Topic: Ethnic-based stereotyping in the workplace Introduction In this discussion, I will be looking at the topic of ‘Ethnic-based stereotyping in the workplace’. Stereotyping affects us all, and we do it every day, most of the time without us even realising it. Hopefully by the end of this discussion, I will have informed you of what the basic principles are behind specifically ethnic stereotyping, how it works, how it affects us and the workplace, and a quick look at some of the ways an organisation can help manage it. So, without further ado. What is ethnic stereotyping? First, the definition of stereotyping, it is the process of assigning traits to people on the basis of their membership in a social category (McShane, Orlekands & Travaglione 2014, p. 78), the word ethnic, refers to the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition (Oxford Dictionary: Ethnicity 2015). Integrating the ethnic factor in, the definition would become, the process of assigning traits to people on the basis of their ethnic category. Ethnic stereotyping, or any stereotyping for that matter, is a natural error associated with the general perceptual process, which being, is the process of receiving information about the world, through our senses, then to be either interoperated or screen out, so we can make sense of our world (McShane, Orlekands & Travaglione 2014, p. 75). This concept of ethnic stereotyping is very...
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...Women vs. Wal Mart Ethical Case Analysis Key Ethical Issue The main ethical issue in the Women and Wal-Mart case is its discrimination of women in the workforce, and how they go hand in hand with the utility, rights, and justice arguments of discrimination. The Utilitarian arguments claim that discrimination leads to inefficient use of human resources. This applies to the Wal-Mart case because they were not getting full use out of their employees because they would often times promote a man instead of a woman, even if she had more experience and was better qualified. Studies conducted by a statistical expert that the six women hired, Richard Drogin, revealed that a much larger amount of men were receiving promotions at every level in the Wal-Mart workplace, even though women’s performance ratings were higher than men’s. Wal-Mart was clearly not promoting or giving benefits to these women because of their gender, and they were stuck underneath the “glass ceiling.” The Rights-based arguments claim that discrimination violates basic human rights. In this case, Wal-Mart didn’t view women to be equal to men because men were receiving the promotions when it should have been the women, as stated before. A Kantian argument also states that a person would not want to be discriminated on the basis of their characteristics that do not affect the person’s ability to perform a job, in this case, being a woman. Wal-Mart is not viewing their male and female employees as equals, as...
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...PRINCES SITTI HAIDA DISCRIMINATION AT WORKPLACE IN MALAYSIA INTRODUCTION Discrimination against minorities at workplace in Malaysia Malaysia is a country with people raging from different racial and ethnic groups. That has what led Malaysia into one of a country that is unique compared to other countries around the world. However, the diversity of races in Malaysia can lead to discrimination. There are many issues about discrimination have been expressed, and most of these issues are very serious and should not be ignored. For our coursework, we select three news articles based on the issue of discrimination that occurred in Malaysia. The three selected articles were about the discrimination against gender, and race which is very common issues in Malaysia due to the multiracial community and the increasing population of women not just in Malaysia, but all over the world. Discrimination against race is a very significant issues occurred in Malaysia. Even more in the context of employment. Based on the Job seekers in Malaysia experience discrimination, by L.Suganya, The Jakarta Post, in the year 2013, there is an issue from a Facebook users claims that she could not get a temporary job as a sales person in a retail outlet because she wears a hijab (long headscarf) or tudung (short headscarf), created a debate with other users. This issue became viral in social media as it involving the racial issues. Based on this story, the study conducted by University Malaya (UM) senior...
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...Dangerous Stereotypes for Women To understand stereotype, you should define what it is. As Cambridge Dictionaries says, stereotype is a fixed idea that people have about what someone or something is like. No one chooses to be stereotyped or categorized under a specific title, and no one wants to be the victim of an unfair judgment. Despite those opinions, people make judgments on people they barely know. Stereotypes usually lead to incorrect predictions about a person or group. The use of stereotypes to judge another human being can cause serious harm to others. According to traditional stereotypes, men are strong and dominant. Whereas females are weak and submissive. Gender stereotypes disadvantage and discriminate against women in many places. Thus, this paper focuses on three negative stereotypes about women in the workplace, at school, and in society that could cause serious harm to them. Negative gender stereotype, especially being dependent or no self-confidence, impact women in the workplaces. According to the article ‘Media Portrayal of Women and Social Change’, “women are often stereotypically portrayed as playing lesser beings, dependent roles or sexual objects.” This means it is more appropriate for women to stay at home doing housework and caring for children than getting a job. When women are offered employment jobs, they are not given good jobs because men believe that they could not handle traditionally masculine work. Men think that women are not...
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...one-paragraph summary of each reading. You can include things like assumptions, theories, ideas, contexts, purposes, findings, methods used, implications, and/or conclusions. (Don’t include your opinions or thoughts here; just summarize.) ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- a. Gregory: [Type here] ------------------------------------------------- Many people think that sex discrimination is no longer exists because they got a news about women who got high-level appointments in academia or the other position, for example, HP, etc. But it is still few cases that women have a leadership positions of Fortune 500 and there are still barriers and glass ceilings in the office. Also, there are some cases about talented women in the workplace could not promote because male executives has some false stereotypes, for example, less committing, willing, tough and logical, etc. ------------------------------------------------- b. Babcock & Laschever: [Type here] ------------------------------------------------- This article is about situations and behaviors of women have more trouble than men believing that she deserves more than she’s been given. Society granted different traits of men who are thought to be assertive, dominants, etc and women are thought to be warm, expressive, etc. ------------------------------------------------- Women are tend to detour without negotiations. In general they worry that their relationship...
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...Xerox Case Study Introduction Communities of practice tend to be technology based and therefore are likely to bridge the generation gap allowing knowledge sharing between the generations of employees at Xerox. Communities of practice are defined as “groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and who interacts regularly to learn how to do it better” (Wenger, E., 2006). These communities bring employees together through social networking to share wisdom and knowledge of highly experienced workers; this type of information is not that of which you can find in a book or manual, it is of pure experience. Throughout the organization at Xerox, there is a gap between the older and younger generation which is preventing knowledge sharing between the two. This gap between the generations is due to flawed perceptions; meaning both generations perceive the other completely opposite of who they actually are based on stereotypes and other beliefs. C.O. P. & Generation Gap In order to overcome this gap, communities of practice should be encouraged throughout the workplace; this will increase knowledge sharing between generations, especially if a community is set up specifically for that organization and its employees. Different forms of communities might include “face to face meetings, online bulletin boards, blogs or even wiki’s” (Colquitt, J., Lepine, J., & Wesson, M., 2011, p. 258). These communities not only pass information between employees, but also...
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...leadership or management role in the workplace is inherently challenging. This is because it falls upon leadership to manage a wide variance of personalities and needs. This is why it’s important to develop a complete understanding of the various theories describing workplace behavior. In the case of this discussion, Personality Theory and Stereotyping Theory offer the opportunity for insight into management the specific workplace challenges of Anger Management and Conflict. II. Selected Topic: A. Personality Theory was selected for its versatility. According to Cherry (2008), this is a theoretical model in which a wide range of lenses can be used to understand individual motivations. Behavioral, psychodynamic, humanist and trait theories can all be used to understand individual personalities and to work within the scope of their respective needs. Cherry traces personality theory to models proposed by Erickson, Piaget, Freud and Skinner, all in the early 20th century. According to Hellriegel/ Slocum (2011), Personality theory is a person's beliefs about the relationships between another's physical characteristics and personality. B. Stereotyping Theory would emerge a little later but from a similar school of thought. Writing in 1998, Levy et al would observe that “over the last two decades, research on social cognition has identified fundamental cognitive processes involved in the formation, use, and maintenance of stereotypes.” (p. 1421), As this applies to the...
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...Sexism in Workplace and its Effects on Workers Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Sexism in Workplace and its Effects on Workers Sexism refers to a kind of gender discrimination that is based on an individual’s sex. Sexism still has roots in the society and has also been reflected in the corporate sector. Though it is argued the sexism affects both women and men, the prejudice has primarily been shouldered by women. The psychology links this prejudice to gender role and other stereotypes that are constructed in our society. People have a mental perspective that one gender is superior to the other. However, this is not the case. Besides, the remarkable changes and breakthrough that have been achieved in the 21st century, sexism still dominates the workplace and have adverse effects on the workers. Some of these effects include; rape, sexual harassment, and other sexual violence activities. The idea of sexism is developed in thoughts and thus, one cannot separate sexism and psychology. The question is what sexism is as depicted in the working environment and what effects does it have on employees. The current paper looks deep into the issue of sexism in workplace and the influence that it has on employees by using empirical evidence from several researchers. According to psychology, sexism is a hostile or a negative attitude, feeling or opinion developed towards an individual or a group of people (Boysen, 2013). The attitude...
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...Running head: CASE STUDY – HARPO Case Study – Harpo December 1, 2010 Case Background & Overview Xerox and other companies are getting worried that they will lose valuable knowledge with the retirement of the older workers of the baby boomer generation (Colquitt, J. A., Lepine, J. A., & Wesson, M. J., pg.283). What are the possible solutions to retain the information and keep the company successful? Case Study Are communities of practice, which tend to be technology-based, likely to bridge the generation gap and allow knowledge sharing between the generations of employees at Xerox (Colquitt, J. A., Lepine, J. A., & Wesson, M. J., pg.283)? Bridging the generation gap in business seems to be a difficult task. For a company to remain competitive and be successful, it must learn how to close the communication gap between generations. Communities of Practice (CoP) are groups that form to share what they know and to learn from one another regarding some aspects of their work (Nickols, 2003). The success of a particular Communities of Practice depend upon the issue, process, or practice area around which it is organized and upon which it is focused. In general, however, the mission or outcomes encompass: * stimulating interaction * fostering learning * creating new knowledge * identifying and sharing best practices Many young and energetic workers at Xerox are ready to take the reins from their older counterparts. Through technology and good communication...
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...to cause any trouble, he obeyed the securities but as he was escorted, the securities used unnecessary forces which caused scars and bruises to the individual. Furthermore, the black male was arrested and detained for 3 hours, then fined $65 by the Ottawa Police, and banned from the mall for 5 years. One witness stated that this was a case of racial profiling as she saw that the mall securities had no reason to assault the individual. Although many deny the existence of racism in the Canadian society, this type of inequality still largely exists. To further analyze this topic, articles written by various scholars on racial profiling in the criminal justice system and racism in the workplace in Canada will be compared and contrasted. Moreover, various sociological concepts learned from the class will be applied to explain racism. In addition, the Symbolic interactionist and Conflict perspectives will be compared and contrasted to have a better understanding of racism. Racism has been a long-standing problem that various individuals face in the Canadian society throughout the history. Particularly, racism has been an issue observed in the workplace. In...
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...Discrimination in the Workplace Joshua Najar Alejandro Komiyama Liria Nilzandra *out of country* Texas Tech University Sociology 1301, Section 004 November 7, 2015 The United States likes to believe that everyone living in it is equal to one another. Unfortunately, even in today’s world discrimination is still prevalent in our society. James Henslin, author of the book “Essentials of Sociology” defines discrimination as “an act of unfair treatment directed against an individual or a group” (G-2). One specific place in our society that still has discrimination is the workplace. A workplace can be described as “a place where people work, such as an office or factory” (Dictionary.com 2015). A company’s workplace can discriminate against a person’s race, ethnicity, gender, age, and religion. These discriminations will affect the person’s salary, work conditions, and determine if they get hired or not. Throughout time the United States has made several laws to protect certain groups against discrimination in the workplace. These laws have tremendously helped those groups however, they are still illegally discriminated against. There are numerous ways to analyze why there is discrimination in the workplace but we will be using the three sociologic perspectives. The three sociologic perspectives that we will use to analyze this topic will be the Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interaction. The Structural Functionalist Analysis will focus on how discrimination...
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...CHAPTER 1 Background of the Study The existence of successful women like Cory Aquino, Hillary Clinton and Oprah Winfrey might cause some individuals to believe that the gender equity gap in business is narrowing quickly. For the past 50 years, laws such women rights have protected women from overt discrimination in the workplace. However, despite these examples of prosperous women and legal mechanisms, gender inequity continues to exist in the workplace (King, 2006; Sarra, 2005; Scott & Nolan, 2007). Of the 75,768 claims filed through the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in fiscal year 2006, 30.7% were gender related (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2007). Theorical Framework To comprehend perceptions of inequality and the...
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...points Nelson made on the benefits of diversity and some of its challenges and critiques the quality of her data and relevance of the article. Review of the “Data of Diversity” This paper is intended to review Beryl Nelson’s article “The Data of Diversity” which was recently published in the academic journal, Communications for the Association of Computing Machinery. (2014) Nelson has spent the last 6 years working for one of the most diverse companies in the world: Google. During this time, Nelson has gained real world experience in working in diverse teams as well as analyzing experience as the Manager of Engineering Productivity, a job which looks for how to make Google teams work more efficiently. Her interest in diversity and the workplace has led to publishing the article of interest based on analyzing the factors involved in the data of diversity. “The Data of Diversity” focuses on examining the concrete evidence pointing towards the benefits of diversity and the challenges faced by diversity. This review will also examine the conclusions made by Nelson and the conclusions made by this paper with regard to the relevance and quality of The Data of Diversity. Benefits of Diversity Nelson starts her article by examining the evidence for the benefits of diversity. Benefits were measured through analysis of financial results and innovation. Nelson examined the financial results of companies that had a high percentage of women in senior positions compared to companies in the...
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...Xerox Case Study 8.1 Using communities of practice (COP) is likely to bridge gaps between generations in an organization. Studies have shown that workers spend a third of their time looking for information and are five times more likely to turn to a co-worker rather than an explicit source of information like books, manuals, or databases (Davenport & Prusak, 2000). Time is saved by conferring with members of a COP. Members of the community have tacit knowledge, which can be difficult to store and retrieve outside. For example, one person can share the best way to handle a situation based on his experiences, which may enable the other person to avoid mistakes and shorten the learning curve. In a COP, members can openly discuss and brainstorm about a project, which can lead to new capabilities. Employees from different generations can learn from older co-workers experiences. Making the baby boomers programmed decision makers. They will have an automated response to decisions that need to be made because of knowledge and experience that can be shared through COP. The disadvantage of having COP is the setup process. The planning process of starting one usually takes over a three-month timeframe (Colquitt, 2011). Some organizations might not have time to wait on the system. But taking the time to establish a COP in the workplace is worth it as the vice president of Xerox states “The communities of practice also provide a clear roadway to career growth by mapping out expectations”...
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...Running head: Xerox CASE STUDY Xerox Case Study January 29, 2012 Introduction In 1960 Haloid Xerox founded Haloid Company. After a few name changes and a few years it changed its name to the Xerox Corporation in 1961("Who we are," 2011). Xerox currently operates in 161 countries with over 136,000 employees. Xerox is currently running into a tuff scenario with a large portion of its staff preparing for retirement and the replacement staff all being a bit wet under the years. So Xerox has been considering many different methods of communication to be able to pass the knowledge between the elder members of the workforce and the newer members of the workfoce. Communities of Practice Communities of Practice (CoP) around Xerox may be driven by technology, however without the mentors and mentees of the company; they do not have the opportunity to survive (Nikols, 2003). The members of the CoP are the people who are feeding and utilizing the information provided. These will assist in the generation gap between the multiple generations because this creates an opportunity for Baby Boomers to learn from Gen X’ers and allows Gen X’ers to learn from the Baby Boomers. Since CoP’s are technology driven, the information that is provided by all levels of members is saved in an accessible manner that provides for future review and consideration when needed. There will come a time that the information that the Baby Boomers has provided will be needed and the Baby Boomers will not...
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