...Prejudice Presented By: Nor Anisa Bt. Musa What is Prejudice? * Everyone comes face to face with prejudice at some time or another. * Prejudice is when we recognizethat we feel and act less positively towards others. * The roots of prejudice can be found in the cognitive and emotional processes. * Prejudice may be perceived as acceptable and justified * All inequality and differential treatment is not perceived and responded to in the same way. The nature and origins of streotyping, prejudice and discrimination * Prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination often overlap. * Prejudice is the feelings we have about particular groups. * Prejudice is a negative prejudgement of a group and its individual members. * Prejudice biases us against others based on the person’s group. * Prejudice is a combination of feelings, inclinations to act and beliefs. * Prejudice is complex and include a component of patronizing affection. * Stereotypes are the cognitive component attitudes towards a social group. * To stereotypes is to generalize. * It is a belief about what a particular group is like * It is a belief about the personal attributes of a group of people. * It is sometimes over generalized, inaccurate and resistant to new information but can be more or less true. Stereotypes Discrimination * Discrimination is the behavioural component or differential actions taken towards others * Prejudice is a negative attitude...
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...system became interwoven into the nation’s culture, creating a dangerously racialized society that does not allow equality to exist. Racism, a term that first garnered attention in the mid-twentieth century, is regarded as a coordinated form of prejudices, stereotypes, and discrimination but is more all-compassing that any of these. Historically, racism was more prevalent and obvious but less disparaging to the victim that it is today. How then do we obliterate the centuries old racially stratified system that society is operating on today? Claudia Medrano, a second generation Mexican-American psychology major, helps...
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...Racism consists of both prejudice and discrimination based in social perceptions of biological differences between peoples. It often takes the form of social actions, practices or beliefs, or political systems that consider different races to be ranked as inherently superior or inferior to each other, based on presumed shared inheritable traits, abilities, or qualities. It may also hold that members of different races should be treated differently.[1][2][3] Among the questions about how to define racism are the question of whether to include forms of discrimination that are unintentional, such as making assumptions about preferences or abilities of others based on racial stereotypes, whether to include symbolic or institutionalized forms of discrimination such as the circulation of ethnic stereotypes through the media, and whether to include the socio-political dynamics of social stratification that sometimes have a racial component. In sociology and psychology, some definitions only include consciously malignant forms of discrimination.[4][5] Some definitions of racism also include discriminatory behaviors and beliefs based on cultural, national, ethnic, caste, or religious stereotypes.[2][6] One view holds that racism is best understood as 'prejudice plus power' because without the support of political or economic power, prejudice would not be able to manifest as a pervasive cultural, institutional or social phenomenon.[7][8][9] While race and ethnicity are considered...
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...Racism happened earlier than the issue was considered to be such. Racism permeates the narrative of humankind. Mindsets of preceding cultures lacked reflection, therefore, did not address the logic or reasoning of their thoughts, feelings, or actions toward those deemed different. Unbeknownst to them, their attitudes reflected the acceptance of racism on a global scale for centuries. Nonetheless, the precise definition of racism only came into existence in the last one hundred years. What is racism then? The answer varies according to the psychological awareness and social progress of the culture defining. Hence the definition of racism has transformed over time. However, in today’s society racism describes an attitude arranged into three components comprising feelings, thoughts, and behaviors. Undoubtedly, the affective or feeling aspect of racism exposes the structural emotions of prejudice, condescension, and separation of a racism. The concept of liking someone is determined by our feelings. Racism acts on prejudice or “pre-judges” a separate race. Emotions of racism are arrogant enough they are construed for a fact, reality, or even in some cases divine truth, which created disdain toward the other races. The initial difference of people from Europe and the people from the “new world” were purely cultural. Unfortunately,...
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...integration if it was not assimilation were met by stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination. In every scenario from each Ethnic groups story reviewed, between chapters 6-14 of Racial and ethnic groups, whether it was about the Native Americans genocide, the African Americans civil rights or the Jews migration and the anti-Semitism they faced, the background story remains the same. The positive side is that with time things do change and as more researchers, writers, teachers, and Politian’s persist to bring national and global attention to these inequalities U.S. society has been forced to change in various areas, the work force being one of the biggest areas. Stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination and other racial labeling are used to identify each minority ethnic group and given names like Culture and Ethincity. Ethnic groups are categorized by a name, a Race, as if there physical appearances were not enough to set them apart from one another, thus labeling their identity. Labeling an ethnic groups identity with Stereotypes encourages an unreliable, exaggerated generalization about all members of the group that do not take individual differences into account (Schaefer, 2011). For instance, Surveys show a complex view in the United States of Arab and Muslim Americans. One in four people believe that Islam teaches violence and hatred. (Schaefer, 2011). Or David Riesman’s phrase Gook syndrome, describing Americans' tendency to stereotype Asians and to regard them as all alike and...
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...views and how to encounter the world’s greatest issue with prejudices, discrimination, stereotypes. Race, gender, age, ethnicity, and religion are prime examples of biases. As a reader, one may envision prejudice, discrimination, and stereotype are the same words just used in different context; however, the definitions illustrate the opposite. According to Fiske (2010), all facets of biases include category-based responses, which are directed towards other individuals (Fiske, 2010). Social biases can negatively affect an individual’s life, employment status, and outlook and quality of life. It is important to understand and research the many reasons why social biases are negative and how to conquer and modify one’s behavior to better prepare for the future. Define the concepts of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination According to Myers (2005), social biases are a typical occurrence in any type of group collaboration that involves negative evaluations of each group (Meyer, 2005). Many social psychologists frequently associate cognition to stereotype, affect to prejudice, and behavioral to discrimination. The first type of bias is stereotype, which is represented when an individual places personal beliefs on a particular group. Some examples of groups are whites, Muslims, homeless, and rich. Stereotypes are usually distorted and mislead information regarding certain types of groups. These stereotypes are based off of inaccurate and negative beliefs of how each...
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...SUBJECT: Discrimination and Power CONDITION: Classroom environment STANDARD: 1. Define Discrimination. 2. Explain the Characteristic of Discrimination. 3. Explain Related Causes of Discrimination Behaviors. 4. Define Racism and Sexism. 5. Define Prejudice. 6. Explain power, and its Relationship to Discrimination. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION: Small Group Discussion TIME OF INSTRUCTION: 1.5 Hours NOTE: Near the end of this block is Practical Exercise #1. The purpose of this exercise is to allow soldiers the chance to think about and make decisions about what constitutes examples of prejudice, racism, sexism and discrimination by selecting various behaviors and categorizing them. You should have enough copies of the exercise for each student. If you wish - depending upon group size - you may want to break them into groups and allow the groups to work together. The Star Power Exercise is also recommended to reinforce this block of instruction. You should plan on allowing three hours for this exercise. If you do not possess the Star Power exercise, then you should find another exercise that will demonstrate the concept of power to your students. You may find a suitable video or film at your local TASC that would demonstrate the principles of power or the abuse of power that would serve well. However, Star Power is strongly recommended as the best means to reinforce this block of instruction to the group. LEAD-IN: Hopefully, blatant...
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...issue with civility. In chapter 10 the significance of race as well as different forms of racism are expressed. As we see these inequalities, it can open our eyes on how to fix these issues to become civil. In chapter 10 we see how race can ultimately effect how you are treated and seen in society. In a country like America, we are seen as diverse, although whites are the dominate group. Due to this grouping of society, we can easily see the inequalities in society. You are either in the minority group or dominate group. Since there are differences that separate society this opens the door for discrimination, stereotypes, prejudice,...
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...Associate Program Material Discrimination Worksheet Write a 100- to 200-word response to each of the following questions. Provide citations for all the sources you use. • What is discrimination? How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, esp. on the grounds of race, age, or sex. The terms stereotype, prejudice, discrimination, and racism are often used interchangeably in everyday conversation. But when discussing these terms from a sociological perspective, it is important to define them: stereotypes are oversimplified ideas about groups of people, prejudicerefers to thoughts and feelings about those groups, while discrimination refers to actions toward them. Racism is a type of prejudice that involves set beliefs about a specific racial group. stereotypes are oversimplified ideas about groups of people. Stereotypes can be based on race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation—almost any characteristic. They may be positive (usually about one’s own group, such as when women suggest they are less likely to complain about physical pain) but are often negative (usually toward other groups, such as when members of a dominant racial group suggest that a subordinate racial group is stupid or lazy). In either case, the stereotype is a generalization that doesn’t take individual differences into account. stereotypes are rarely created; rather, they are...
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...Origins of Racism When the word racism comes about, many people don’t really stop and think where or even when racism began. They just think that since our history books tell us about the segregation that had occurred that it’s just a natural thing that happened in the past and still goes on today. The invention of racism was socially constructed and as a society, we developed the concept of racial segregation, racial discrimination, racial stereotyping and negative prejudice. Some believe that there is no real original concepts of how racism began, but how would we wrap ourselves around the concept of racism being uniquely developed so that one race was meant to be inferior to all the rest? There are many ideas about how racism came about. Some say that it’s because that’s how nature took its course. It was just made to have one race has to be above all the others, a superior race, and the inferior races, which are looked at as being intolerable. Seeing one race less important than another is dehumanizing but it is within the definition of racism, inferiority and superiority are stated. According to the Oxford dictionary, racism is defined as the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race, esp. so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races. This mentality of having superior and inferior races began in the 1600s where slave trade was considered to be normal. Slavery was not based on racial discrimination...
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...Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning Jennifer Steele, Y. Susan Choi, and Nalini Ambady Harvard University In press in T.A. Thorkildsen, J. Manning, & H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Children and Youth Series: Nurturing Morality. New York: Kluwer Academic. Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning As citizens of the United States, we are extremely fortunate to live in a democracy, and more specifically, a society that upholds egalitarian and meritocratic ideals. As a nation, we have fought wars and faced internal struggles in order to establish this system and champion these values. Within the last two centuries we have abolished slavery, given women the right to vote, and desegregated schools. In more recent years the movement towards equal opportunity has been advanced even further; public and private schools have increased financial support for economically disadvantaged scholars, and affirmative action programs have been developed as yet another means of combating inequities. It would seem that as a society, we are moving towards our moral ideal of equality for one and all. And yet, disparities remain. Race continues to be inextricably linked to socio-economic status and education level, with certain racial and ethnic groups, such as Caucasian- and Asian-Americans reaping more societal advantages on average than others, including...
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...Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination Ryan Lewis PSY301: Social Psychology Steve Lazarre 8/24/2014 One of the most common subjects in today’s society and all throughout civilization is discrimination, stereotypes, and prejudice. Regardless if it is intentional or not, people will always be against each other. No matter the form of jealously and hatred, upon s one skin or materialistic possessions. Allot of people believe that they are superior and look over all who are inferior to them. Discrimination is a natural thing that humanity conceives because it is in our nature. It starts in the mind and can be infectious throughout others. The decisions that are based upon these prejudices that is immoral. There is moral and ethical war against discrimination, also we must and need to understand different types of discrimination. Some doesn’t know what really does exist in this world and they get lost in their own translation. Plus being aware of what causes it and how can we stop it is also a key to promote a positive future. The types of discrimination exist by ranging from your gender all the way to ethnicity, from the status you are in a lifestyle or all the way to certain preferences like dating. There is a key to link all these groups together in which is they separate one group from another. It’s so easily to discriminate and it is so easy to judge by so many ways. So many find true reasons that are unethical to stat justification, but whom says it is ok to discriminate...
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...prevalent social constructions is racial discrimination, which is a product of race, a social construction in itself. Racial discrimination is marked by the intersection of race, prejudices, and stereotypes. The two articles, “The Meaning of Serena Williams,” and “Jeremy Lin’s Model Minority Problem,” by Rankine and Leung, respectively, offer two different aspects and views on the many racial aspects that plague the sports world. Both provide the point that racial stereotyping and prejudice exist, especially when concerned with sports, but they differ on the ways that athletes, specifically Jeremy Lin and Serena Williams, challenge them. Whereas the Leung’s article on Lin focuses on how he has succeeded in demolishing stereotypes, and also challenging the classic example of a “model minority,” Rankine writes about the constant battle that Williams faces against racial discrimination and prejudice....
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...Power and Discrimination Assignment Introduction Stereotypical imagery and prejudice are biases, which function together in creating as well as maintaining social inequality. Prejudice can be described as personal feelings and attitudes that individuals have regarding other group members. On the other hand, stereotypes can be defined as beliefs regarding a group including a description of an individual, their abilities as well as their behaviour. Therefore, stereotypes cognitively represent how people are similar to other and their differences towards other groups. ‘Individuals can be aware of stereotypes and have cognitive representations of their beliefs without endorsing such stereotypes, without prejudice feelings as well as without having a belief that stereotypes can affect their behaviour and judgement’ (Charnley et al 2009: 195). Stereotyping as well as prejudice are considered as an adaptive processes product, which simplifies complex world towards enabling individuals to apply cognitive resources towards various tasks. Nevertheless, despite the function served by cognitively adaptive processes by use of mental shortcuts to make decisions regarding other people can result in serious negative outcomes (Smith 2008). The horrifying mistreatment of people in history including that of African American, homosexuals, people with disabilities, has been the main impulsion for prejudice as well as stereotypes study. Therefore, the original experiments and ideas are concerned...
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...Racism is a term that is often used to describe a variety of social, culture and economic problems, but has, unfortunately, acquired “so many contradictory meanings that it takes on the aura of a myth,” it has become increasingly difficult to define . Although the term wasn’t officially featured in the Larousse Dictionary until 1932, racism had been a dark cloud hanging over the global horizon for centuries (de Benoist, 1999). Whenever there are people of different cultural and social characteristics introduced into the mix, a recipe for racism and the hostilities it generates is created. Because racism defies a singular definition but is usually represented by the categorizing of people according to certain criteria, it can perhaps best be understood by discussing the issue itself in terms of such categories as the reasons for racism, its causes, why it continues, and how its meaning is ever-changing. It is widely accepted by sociologists that racism is essentially an ideology or belief system with its foundation cemented by three basic ideas. First, there is the fact that human beings can be divided naturally into different physical types (Vorster, 2002). For example, Africans are ‘typed’ by their dark skin color and by their curly hair; Asians are known for their ‘yellowish’ skin color, black hair and slanted eyes, etc. Often, solely on the basis of these physical traits, assumptions are automatically made that become “intrinsically related to their culture...
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