...John Molson School of Business Strategic Management and Cost Management Concepts April 8, 2010 Section G Table of Contents Introduction 2 1. Overview of Cost Management and Strategy 3 2. Implementing Strategy 5 3. Basic Concepts 10 Conclusion 14 References 15 Appendix I: Product & Period Costs 18 Appendix 2: Balanced Scorecard 19 Companies are constantly trying to improve their business and the quality of their products. While Marketing and Operations Management are two departments that aid in improving a company’s business, the accounting department plays a major role in this transformation as well. Considering the managerial aspect of accounting, a lot of what it takes to improving ones business is cost management and strategy. Strategic and cost management are essential to any business as they provide the foundation for determining problems and improving quality. Strategic and cost management concepts can be broken down into three parts: the overview of strategies that can be used, the ways to implement these strategies and the cost concepts that can be used to manage costs. 1. Overview of Cost Management and Strategy There are several cost and strategic techniques that can be used to improve a company’s overall position. These techniques, however, are within broader topics, such as the business environment, management techniques and competitive strategy. Firstly, a changing...
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...STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND COST MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS Introduction The concepts of cost management and strategic management are the foundations for managers. The growing pressures of global competition and technological innovation have made cost management more critical and dynamic than ever before. Now cost management has moved towards a broader strategic focus than that of product costing. This so-called strategic cost management needs to facilitate strategic management in order to allow the firm to retain its competitive advantage. In order to implement this, benchmarking, value chain, balance scorecard and SWOT analysis should be undertaken. A firm should then identify its strategic positioning in the market: how it will sustain a competitive position. Furthermore, the strategic role of cost concepts will also be described in relation to product/service costing, strategic decision-making (cost driver analysis), planning/decision making and control/feedback purposes. Costs are now more complex than ever since large companies like Proctor & Gamble have a large product portfolio, and costs have become a vital element of a firm’s strategy. In order to understand these concepts fully, we will relate them to real businesses; in particular, we will analyze these concepts with relation to the McDonald’s corporation. Strategic Management Strategic management is the conduct of drafting, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization...
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...Cost, Budgets and Strategic Decision Making in Management Accounting Answer (a) Budgets can be characterized as a quantitative explanation, for a certain time period, which may incorporate arranged incomes, cash flow, costs, resources, and liabilities. Budgeting alludes to the procedure of outlining, actualizing, and working budgets. Budgeting, as a control device, gives an activity plan to guarantee that the association's real exercises are slightest digressed from the planned exercises. Budgets are utilized to give an outline of the organization and procedures performed in it. They are helpful in asset allocation where assets are distributed in such a route, to the point that the techniques, which are relied upon to give the most astounding returns, receive top priority (Libby and Murray, 2010). Budgets are additionally forecast instruments and bring about a significant improvement readied to adjust to changes in business atmosphere. They ought to be produced in such a route, to the point that they consider the key necessities of each of the functions. Budget detailing comprises of an arrangement of exercises: a budget department is created in which a budget controller is appointed, strategies are developed for budget readiness, budget recommendations are created at the department level, the budget is developed for the whole company, financial backing period and key budget elements are decided, the budget is evaluated and approved, growth is observed, and the budget...
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...1.0 Introduction Intense competition and pressure from customers to reduce prices has forced many companies to reduce their costs to survive. Automotive manufacturers such as BMW and Mercedes have found that most of their costs are committed once the production begins, and thus, the cost must be reduced earlier in the product life cycle, particularly while the product is in the planning and design stages. Mercedes Benz is a multinational division of the German manufacturer Daimler AG, headquartered in Stuttgart. The brand is often used for building luxury automobiles, buses, coaches, and trucks, widely known as one of the most established and oldest automotive brand in the world today. 2.1 Cost Management Techniques Adopted by Mercedes Benz 2.1.1 Target Costing Target costing prices are assumed to be set by the market on a competitive basis. In a market economy, values are defined by the users. As Mercedes move closer toward a global economy, prices increasingly become uncontrollable variables, while costs, because of technological advances, increasingly become controllable variables. When selling price and profit margin are fixed by competitive pressures and management policies, respectively, reducing the firm’s production costs may be the only source of increased earnings. Mercedes Benz, one of the worlds most prestigious and tradition laden car makers, has taken its time to wake up to the daunting dimensions of the challenges it faces in the rapidly changing world...
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...Knowledge MSC: AACSB: Analytic | Management: Strategy | Dierdorff & Rubin: Strategic & Systems Skills 2. A generic business strategy is one that can be used in all industries and by all types of firms. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Page 99 OBJ: Learning Objective 1 KEY: Knowledge MSC: AACSB: Analytic | Management: Strategy | Dierdorff & Rubin: Strategic & Systems Skills 3. Wal-Mart has not adjusted its business model since the mid 1990s. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Page 99 OBJ: Learning Objective 1 KEY: Knowledge MSC: AACSB: Reflective Thinking | Management: Strategy | Dierdorff & Rubin: Strategic & Systems Skills 4. Competitive scope describes the breadth of the target market the organization wishes to serve. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Page 99-100 OBJ: Learning Objective 2 KEY: Knowledge MSC: AACSB: Analytic | Management: Strategy | Dierdorff & Rubin: Strategic & Systems Skills 5. In general, firms with a standardized product should narrowly segment their market. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Page 100 OBJ: Learning Objective 2 KEY: Comprehension MSC: AACSB: Analytic | Management: Strategy | Dierdorff & Rubin: Strategic & Systems Skills 6. Typically, the customers of organizations using the cost-leadership strategy are not highly loyal. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Page 101 OBJ: Learning Objective 4 KEY: Comprehension MSC: AACSB: Analytic | Management: Strategy | Dierdorff & Rubin: Strategic & Systems Skills 7. A firm following a cost leadership strategy would invest heavily...
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...INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: Strategic management for hotel industry CANDY 10182133m Lecturer: Paula Tomsett I-Shou University Contents ABSTRACT 3 INTRODUCTION 4 RELEVANT THEORY 4 Strategic management 4 Globalization 5 IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 5 The cost of land ownership 6 Costs of funding the projects 6 Official procedure approval 6 Human resource matter 6 The speed of technology development 7 Infrustructure and security matters 7 Strong competitors 7 CONCLUSION 8 REFERENCES 9 ABSTRACT Hotel industry has been chaos period in recent years. What makes a firm differing from the others are well known brand, high standard products and services, as well as an unique strategic management to build short term and long term plans and strategies. In the process of strategic management, firms encounter a number of challenges. In order to compete rivals and get an competitive advantage, it is essential to issue the problems and find out possible and relevent solutions. Key words: hotel industry, strategic management, hospitality INTRODUCTION In recent years, global economy is facing a severe recession that affects almost aspects of business life. Hotel industry is also not an exception, typically Indian hotel industry. In order to grow and expand, hotel industry has to combat a number of challenges in human resources, land acquisition, technology deployment as a strategic tool and understanding the dynamics...
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...Towards a conceptual framework for strategic cost management - The concept, objectives, and instruments - Von der Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften der Technischen Universität Chemnitz genehmigte Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum politicarum (Dr. rer. pol.) vorgelegt von Ibrahim Abd El Mageed Ali El Kelety geboren am 11.01.1965 in El Menoufia - Ägypten eingereicht am: 14. Juni 2006 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Uwe Götze Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Jürgen Bloech Prof. Dr. Peter Schuster Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 18. Juli 2006 Acknowledgement To the Almighty God “ALLAH” Who have granted me all these graces to fulfill this work and Who supported me in all my life. To Him I extend my heartfelt thanks. It is a pleasure to express my sincere and deepest heartfelt gratitude to my “Doktorvater“ Prof. Dr. Uwe Götze for his kind supervision, continuous encouragement, valuable enthusiastic discussion and unfailing advice throughout the present work, as well as financial support during my latest period of study in Germany. He assisted in all matters, provided solutions to different problems. Prof. Dr. Uwe Götze supported and helped me during my learning period in Germany and writing this thesis. I am very lucky being one of his students. I would like to express my deep thanks to Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Jürgen Bloech - Georg-August University of Göttingen - for his kind acceptance to act as an examiner. I would also like to express my sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Peter...
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...Highlights cost advantages and distinctive capabilities--the value processes But note that there is no one template. STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT - BA122B - Fall 2006 4-1 Value Chain and the QCT Triangle VC allows alignment of processes with customers. This generates a quality advantage. VC focuses cost management efforts. VC provides for efficient processes which improves the timeliness of operations. STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT - BA122B - Fall 2006 4-2 Value Chain Benefits Identifies value processes Identifies areas for cost improvement STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT - BA122B - Fall 2006 4-3 from Michael E. Porter’s Competitive Advantage SUPPORT ACTIVITIES Firm Infrastructure (General Management) Human Resource Management Technology Development Procurement Inbound Logistics Ops. Outbound Logistics Sales & Marketing Service and Support Value Chain Model PRIMARY ACTIVITIES STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT - BA122B - Fall 2006 4-4 Value Chain Elements Customer value added Margin orientation Primary activities Support Activities Inbound logistics Operations Outbound logistics Sales and marketing Service and support Human resources (general and admin.) Tech. development Procurement STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT - BA122B - Fall 2006 4-5 Goal of Value Chain Driven by customer perceptions Increase margins Focus on value processess Distinctive capabilities Cost advantages...
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...Assignment Describe SWOT analysis as a way to guide internal environment. How does this approach reflect the basic strategic management? Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Overall description of SWOT analysis 3 1.2 Overview of the elements of the SWOT analysis 3 2.0 SWOT analysis as a way to guide the internal environment 4 2.1 How SWOT analysis prevents weaknesses and maintains strength 4 3.0 How SWOT analysis reflects the basic strategic management 5 Conclusion 7 References 7 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overall description of SWOT analysis SWOT analysis is an analytical method which is used to identify and categories significant internal (Strengths and Weaknesses) and external (Opportunities and Threats) factors faced either in a particular arena, such as an organization, or a territory, such as a region, nation, or city. It provides information that is helpful in matching the firms' resources and capabilities to the competitive environment in which it operates and is therefore an important contribution to the strategic planning process. It should not be viewed as a static method with emphasis solely on its output, but should be used as a dynamic part of the management and business development process. Strategic planning depends on a clear understanding of your organization’s resources and Capabilities, as well as critical ingredients that are lacking. The assessment of organizational Strengths and weaknesses and opportunities and threats must...
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...Mälardalen University School of Sustainable Development Of Society And Technology EFO705-Master thesis BUDGETARY AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL PROCESS IN A MANUFACTURING: CASE OF GUINNESS NIGERIAN PLC. BY: AMALOKWU OBIAJULUM JOHN LAWRENCE NJILEFACK NGOASONG ABSTRACT Date Level Authors : : : June, 2008. Master Thesis EF0705, 10 points (15credits) Amalokwu Obiajulum John (820821) Lawrence Njilefack Ngoasong (770901) Title : Budgetary and Management control Process in a Manufacturing Organization. Roland Almqvist. What is the budgeting practice in the Nigerian Manufacturing companies? The aim of this study is to investigate the management control practice (budget being the tool for management control) in Guinness Nigeria Plc and to suggest what seems to us the most appropriate practice based on findings from literatures and empirics Supervisor: Problem Purpose : : Method : The study was described based on a qualitative approach. Furthermore, we described why we chose the company, sources of literature, techniques employed in data collection (primary data), research purpose, data analysis as well as critiques to the method use. Conclusion : The Integration of strategic Management and Budgeting enhances competitiveness which when attained is translated as high performance. Keywords : Management Control, Budgeting, strategy, High performance and Competitive advantage. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly we give thanks to God Almighty for the strength to work on...
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...MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING: AN OVERVIEW Learning Objectives Distinguish between managerial & financial accounting. Understand the evolution of management accounting. Explain about the IFAC model. Understand how managers can use accounting information to implement strategies. Explain about Relevant Lost & Relevant Regained. 2 Learning Objectives Distinguish between managerial & financial accounting. Understand the evolution of management accounting. Explain about the IFAC model. Understand how managers can use accounting information to implement strategies. Explain about Relevant Lost & Relevant Regained. 3 Accounting System (accumulates financial and managerial accounting data) Managerial Accounting Information for decision making, and control of an organization’s operations. Internal Users Financial Accounting Published financial statements and other financial reports. External Users Managerial Accounting Users of information Managers within company Regulation Financial Accounting Interested outside parties Required. Must comform to Not required because for internal GAAP which is regulated by use only FASB and SEC. Basic accounting system plus Almost exclusively from the Source of Data various other sources basic accounting system Reports often focus on subunits. Reports focus on the enterprise Nature of Reports Based on a combination of in its entirety. Based on and...
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...STRATEGY AND PLANNING This week’s Management class discussion has been on Strategic planning in organizations. This paper will explain 3 types of goals, which are important to an organization as we as explanations and elements involved in created strategy of an organization. Organizations are built with the goal of the profitability through process in mind. The organization control approach incorporates goals and strategy used to reach them. (Boundless.com Jul 2015) Using their mission statements, top managers do strategic planning to determine what the organization long-term goals should be for the next 1-5 years with the resources they expect to have available. Strategic management is a level of managerial activity bellowing setting goals and above tactics. (Boundless.com 2015). Strategic management provides overall direct to an enterprise. Strategic planning requires visionary and directional thinking. It should communicate general and profit goals and ways to achieve them. Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise. Objectives are determined by the results of the strategic assessment. These objectives should run parallel on a timeline, some short-term and others long-term. (Kincki & Williams 2015) Tactical Planning’s by done by middle management, they are normally given a 6-25 month time frame. The strategic priorities and policies are passed down to middle managers that determine what contribution their departments or similar work...
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...CPA PROGRAM – PROFESSIONAL LEVEL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING DELIVERING STRATEGY: THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANT’S ROLE WORKSHOP NOTES 2014 AUTHORS: RICHARD COMERFORD AND PETER ROBINSON REVISED BY: BRIAN CLARKE Published by Deakin University on behalf of CPA Australia Ltd, ABN 64 008 392 452 © CPA Australia Ltd 2014 (Edition 14a) The contents and any information contained in this document (Information) are for general information only. They are not intended as professional advice. For any professional advice, please consult a suitable qualified professional. CPA Australia Ltd, Deakin University and the author(s) of the Information (Entities) make no representation about the content and suitability of this Information for any purpose. The Entities disclaim all warranties with regard to the contents and in no event will be liable for any loss and/or damage whatsoever resulting from loss of income or profits, whether in an action of contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising in connection with the use and performance of and/or reliance of the Information. CPA PROGRAM – PROFESSIONAL LEVEL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING DELIVERING STRATEGY: THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANT’S ROLE WORKSHOP NOTES 2014 AUTHORS: RICHARD COMERFORD AND PETER ROBINSON REVISED BY: BRIAN CLARKE Contents Workshop notes Workshop introduction Workshop objectives Workshop purpose Case Study: Pavlova Pty Ltd (PPL) Module 4: Techniques for creating and managing value...
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...INTRODUCTION TO COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN A GLOBAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. In comparing financial and management accounting, which of the following more accurately describes management accounting information? a. historical, precise, useful b. required, estimated, internal c. budgeted, informative, adaptable d. comparable, verifiable, monetary ANSWER: c EASY 2. Management and financial accounting are used for which of the following purposes? Management accounting Financial accounting a. internal external b. external internal c. internal internal d. external external ANSWER: a EASY 3. One major difference between financial and management accounting is that a. financial accounting reports are prepared primarily for users external to the company. b. management accounting is not under the jurisdiction of the Securities and Exchange Commission. c. government regulations do not apply to management accounting. d. all of the above are true. ANSWER: d EASY 4. Which of the following statements about management or financial accounting is false? a. Financial accounting must follow GAAP. b. Management accounting is not subject to regulatory reporting standards. c. Both management and financial...
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...After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Human Resource Management 2. Explain and give examples of each type of companywide and competitive strategy. TWELFTH EDITION 1 1. Outline the steps in the strategic management process. GARY DESSLER 3. Explain what a strategy-oriented human resource management system is and why it is important. BIJU VARKKEY Part 1 | Introduction 4. Illustrate and explain each of the eight steps in the HR Scorecard approach to creating human resource management systems. Chapter 3 The Manager’s Role in Strategic Human Resource Management Copyright © 2011 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd Authorized adaptation from the United States edition of Human Resource Management, 12/e Copyright © 2011 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd Authorized adaptation from the United States edition of Human Resource Management, 12/e The Strategic Management Process Business Vision and Mission • Strategic Management 3–2 • Vision A general statement of an organization’s intended The process of identifying and executing the organization’s mission by matching its capabilities with the demands of its environment. direction that evokes emotional feelings in organization members. • Strategy • Mission A chosen course of action. Spells out who the company is, what it does, and where it’s headed. • Strategic Plan How an organization intends to balance its internal strengths...
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