This case first started with the owner setting up an appointment to have their F/S boston terrier looked at by the Veterinarian. The boston terrier was about 8 years old and her name is Martha. The chief complaint was that Martha would have frequent urination with small amounts coming out and it appeared to have blood in the urine. Also Martha would be straining to urinate at times with nothing coming out. It had been going on for about a week before they were able to bring Martha in. During the initial physical exam we noticed that Martha was tender around the bladder region when we palpated. Temperature, pulse, and respirations were all WNL. Then Dr. Wisnewski came in to do her exam and when she was palpating the vulva, a small stone had passed through the urethra. At that moment we knew their was a definite diagnosis of Uroliths. We then took Martha back to the treatment area to do an ultrasound of the bladder to see if there were still more uroliths in the bladder. Upon examining the ultrasound we did find what looked to be a stone but it wasn't clear enough to be 100% sure, so we then did a Radiograph. We put the dog in right lateral recumbancy and took a radiograph of the abdominal region. Upon examination of the X-Ray we found there were a bunch of smaller stones and one large stone. After taking radiographs we obtained a sample of urine via Cystocentesis. I then ran a urinalysis. The sediment exam showed RBC’s TNTC along with cocci bacteria ++ and also found a Struvite crystals TNTC and squamous cells ++. After the diagnostic tests we Diagnosed Martha with Struvite Urolithiasis. We then recommended two scenarios for Martha to the owner. First scenario was she would need to be on a strict diet of Royal Canin urinary S/O to aid in breaking down the struvite uroliths so that they would be easier to pass in the urine along with taking antibiotics. We then informed the owner that this strict diet could take up to 3 months (sometimes longer) to get rid of all the stones. Then we went over the second scenario which would be surgical removal of the uroliths. We informed the owner that this scenario would be the fastest and best way to take care of the Struvite Uroliths. After going over the two scenarios it then came down to cost and we explained that in the long run, the Urinary S/O diet can end up being more expensive than surgery depending on how long it takes to break down the Stones. So the owner decided to start the new diet right now and they would decide later if they want to pursue surgery. We then scheduled a follow up visit in one week to see if the diet is helping. During the follow up visit we took another Radiograph of the bladder and we found that the smaller stones had dissolved and been passed but the larger stone was still in the bladder. We then talked to the owner and they elected to do surgery to remove the large uroliths. To conclude, when the surgery was done, Martha was doing much better and could now urinate easily without any pain. This case was very interesting to me and I enjoyed being able to help Martha. I now know that if I had a dog that was diagnosed with Uroliths, I would elect to do surgery because it is quicker and better for the dog to have the stones removed as soon as possible.