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Study Questions for Test 3

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For all things listed as a study make sure you know the IV, DV, results and any theory that might be associated.

Verbal Knowledge

Lecture 16/ chapter 9/ Meyer

What is a concept, categorization, and why do we categorize?

What is the definitional approach? The prototype approach? The exemplar Approach? What do we wactually use?

Rosch’s study of family resemblance.

What is the typicality effect? Rosch’s study of it with priming colors.

What are the types of categories according to Rosch? What is the evidence that Basic level categories are special? How can experience change this?

What is the hierarchical model of Collins and Quillian? What are the flaws? What is spreading activation?

What is Collins and Loftus’ Semantic model? What are the flaws?

What is the connectionist approach? How does it simulate actual learning?

How are categories represented in the brain? Freedman’s cat-dog study.

Lexical Decisions: Meyer: Know the hypothesis in addition to the usual. Understand how the word types can be broken into different IVs.

Mental Imagery

Lecture 17/ chapter 10/ Shepard and Meltzer

What is mental Imagery? Visual Imagery

Study of paired associate learning (dog flower)

Paivio’s study of nouns that can evoke an image
What are the spatial and propositional representation of visual imagery?

Kossyln’s studies (2) of visual imagery, know the criticism that lead to the second study (the island study). What is mental scanning?

What is an epiphenomenon?

What is the tacit knowledge explanation for mental scanning time? What was Finke and Pinker’s study with dots and arrows that refuted this?

What is a mental walk task? How did Kossyln use these ideas to examine detail in mental representations? (hint: animal study)

Perky’s projection study. And Farah’s mental imagery priming task. What do they say about the association between mental imagery and perception.

How are mental imagery and perception similar in brain activity? Where are there differences? What did Anamedi’s study show?

Neuropsychological studies of mental imagery: Know patients M.G.S., R.M. and C.K./ know the two studies examining unilateral neglect/ know the double disassociations. What is Berman’s theory and which patient’s does it explain and which can it not account for?

Fragility of Mental imagery. Chalmers and Reisbergs study of the fragility of mental images.

What is the pegword technique and the method of Loci?

Shepard and meltzer’s study of mental rotation.

Language

Language lecture/ chapter 11

What is language? What separates human language from other animal communication?

How did skinner think children learned language? What about Chomsky?

Know these are:Lexicon, Semantics, Syntax, Phoneme, Morpheme, Coherence,

What are some things that make it difficult to distinguish speech? What is the phoneme Restoration effect? What is the McGurk effect and what does it tell us about vision and language?

What is speech segmentation and how do we do it?

Know the word superiority study (make sure you know the one in the book!)

What is a lexical decision task (little l not the Meyer task)

What is the word frequency effect? How is it related to eyetracking?

What is lexical ambiguity? How do we deal with it?

What is lexical priming? Swinney’s study of lexical priming and what it tells us about lexical ambiguity.

What is syntactic ambiguity? What are the methods for dealing with it and their definitions? What is late closure? What is a garden path sentence?

Tannenhaus and coworkers (1995) study of eyetracking and ambiguous sentences (apples)

What is an inference, what are three types of inferences? Can you make up examples or recognize them when you hear them?

What’s a situational model? Know Zwann’s orientation and shape studies. And the Horton and rapp blocking study.

How does actual movement and reading or conversing about movement overlap in the brain?

What is semantic coordination and the given-new contract?

What is semantic priming? What was brannigans study of semantic priming?

What is the sapir whorf hypothesis? How does ann senghas’s study of sign language and theory of mind support it.

How does the study of blue categories in Russian speakers address the association of perception and language? How gilbert’s hemispheric presentation study of the perception language connection?

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