...Cane toads or Bufo marinus as seen in the appendix Bufo meaning toad and Marunis meaning marine, were being used successfully in the Caribbean islands and in Hawaii to combat the cane beetle, a pest of sugar cane crops. After good reviews from overseas, Hawaii shipped a box of toads to Gordonvale, just south of Cairns. These were held in captivity for a while and then they were released into the sugar cane fields of the tropic north. It was later discovered that the toads can't jump very high so they did not eat the cane beetles which stayed up on the upper stalks of the cane plants. At the time of year when the beetle's larvae were emerging from the ground, no toads were about. So the cane toad, as it came to be known, had no impact on the cane...
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...Sugar Cane: Sugar cane or “saccharum officinarum” is several species of tall perennial grasses that are native to warm temperate areas of the world. The plant can grow up to 5m tall and approximately 5cm in diameter and provides 75% of all the sugar used in the world. Ordinarily sugar cane doesn’t contain much nutritional value other than sugar. In one serve of the sugar cane (approximately 10 to 12g) it contains 10g of sugar/carbohydrates. There is only a tiny sliver that is not sugar, but it is unsure what it is. In approximately 8,000BC, sugar cane was first farmed in Papua New Guinea. From there it spread to Asia and Southern China becoming deeply intertwined to their cuisine. It was also brought to Europe, but due to the climate it only...
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... Book Sugar Cane Alley is a film directed by Euzhan Palcy that depicts Joseph Zobel’s novel, Black Shack Alley. Both the film and the novel are set in Martinique and follow the life of José as he matures and struggles to escape the poverty and hardships of a sugar cane plantation in the colonial Caribbean. With the love, sacrifice and support from his family, while both the movie and book narrate the same story of achievement and overcoming obstacles, it is remarkable to examine the adaptations Palcy made upon the original text. Whether it’s a change on character dialogues, appearances, or modifications to José maturity and education, every different adjustment made confronts and addresses the issues of slavery, racial inequality, and the push for a collective African heritage and identity conveyed through Zobel’s text. It is essential to point out that the most obvious difference between both works is the time discrepancy. In the novel, José’s maturity progresses over a period of many years, starting with the age of seven and elongating all the way through his education at the lyceé. On the other hand, Palcy presents José as having reached maturity very early in the movie. The incident of the broken bowl exemplifies this adaptation. In the original text the incident occurs when José invites his friends inside to snack on goodies and sugar (which was very protected by M’an Tine). Urged by José’s initiative, they then proceed to search the shack for the sugar and breaking...
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...Justin Knox 11/22/08 A Block: Slavery Slaves As a Commodity The Transatlantic Slave Trade opened a global marketing system when Portugal had an importing business. The “product” of this industry was slaves from West Africa. This business did extremely well since North America, also known as the “New World”, had an unreliable work force. Before Africans were used, Europeans relied on indentured servants. They would have a sentence of about four years work with no pay after that time they had to be freed and paid to work. Other people were used as slaves such as Native Americans and Caucasians but they were killed by diseases that foreigners carried which their immune system could not handle. A lot of people feel that slavery does not exist anymore, but if slavery is making people work for little to no money and taking away some of their rights then sweat shops is slavery. In this paper, I will show how profitable the Transatlantic Slave Trade was. I will prove this first by acknowledging how many places were involved with the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Second, I will explain how other trades affected slavery. Third, I will show how we still use sweatshops as a form of slavery today. The Transatlantic Slave Trade supplied the main base of the New World’s economy. The majority ships that sailed yearly for Africa were from the city of Newport. A little over sixty percent of North American voyages that involved the Transatlantic Slave Trade were founded in Rhode...
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...chocolate as well as sugar cane was to be critically evaluated and commented upon. The information that was to be evaluated came from the Commodities Corner from Barrons.com titled Sour Outlook for Sugar Prices and from the Commodities section of the Wall Street Journal titles World’s Sweet Tooth Heats Up Cocoa. The project also calls for an economic report that is to be published in a trade magazine that services the U.S. Market for Non-Chocolate Candy. Throughout the economic analysis and report market equilibrium, identification of the main variables of the articles, interpretation of impact on supply or demand, application to the supply and demand model, as well as the qualitative forecast of price and quantity in the relevant market. A Depleting Market for Sugar Cane and Cocoa Beans With the decline in sugar cane prices the world trade outlook for sugar cane also declines. As one can interpolate from Figure 1, the plot of quantity demanded for sugar cane versus the price per pound of sugar cane, the market equilibrium price for sugar is on the decline and has been on the decline for the past couple of years. In fact, raw sugar prices for the month of March declined at 15.22 cents a pound, which is down 7.3% since the turn of the New Year; it is also the lowest level in three and a half years accordingly. With the provided supply and demand curve (Figure 1), gives a projected outlook on supply and demand, as well as projected future prices of sugar and cocoa beans. The...
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...RATIONALE MY reason for doing this topic is to find out about the sugar plantation and how it started, and how it got known around the world and understands how a sugar plantation works, and how sugarcane was converted to MASCAVODO SUGAR. INTRODUCTION THIS S.B.A is based on activities that took place on an 18th century sugar-cane plantation in the West Indies it was structured the jobs. THE various jobs during in-crop and out-crop seasons, it will also provide information on the roles that the slaves played and sugar –cane was converted to MUSCOVADO sugar. THE sugar - cane plant was the main crop produced on the numerous plantations throughout the Caribbean through the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, as almost every island was covered with sugar plantations and mills for refining the cane for its sweet properties. Layout of the 18th century plantation West Indian sugar estates varied in size from a few hundred to several thousand acres, according to soil, climatic and physical geographical conditions. An average estate measured about five hundred acres and was laid out according to an almost regular pattern. THE estate land consisted of a number of clearly defined parts. In the hey-day of plantation agriculture, the greater part of the estate was devoted to sugar-cane cultivation. This portion was usually the best land since the planter's...
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...WHAT EFFECTS ARE CANE TOADS PRODUCING TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABILTY OF ECOSYSTEMS AND THE SURVIVAL OF NATIVE SPECIES Chelcy Jordan SUST 1000 October 10 2012 The introduction of invasive species can often lead to unpredictable alterations and a shift within natural ecosystems. Cane toads were originally introduced to Australia in 1935. They were brought into Australia to prey on specific pests that were attacking sugar cane plants. Cane toads are highly adaptive and can easily adjust to climate changes and feeding grounds. The growth of reproduction in cane toads has formed a species invasion on the habitat of native animals. Immense competition and a shift in ecosystems are a result of their significant growth rate. What effects are cane toads producing towards the sustainability of ecosystems and the survival of native species? Many animals, and plant species have been either finding new ways to adjust to changes caused by the introduction of cane toads. Cane toads have impacted natural ecosystems so drastically that they have left a strenuous effect on native species ability to maintain their own survival. This is crucial when looking at the effects cane toads have on sustaining plant and animal life within ecosystems. Dramatic changes in an ecosystem could potentially fail due to inadequate nutrients and energy distribution. It is important to examine ways in which cane toads affect ecosystems so environmentalists can predict potential negative shifts and try to develop...
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...Candy canes have evolved and taken on new meanings for centuries. Candy canes are a popular Christmas treat and tradition dating back to the late 1600s. Over the years, the meaning behind candy canes has been shaped by religious and cultural ideas. The word “candy” is derived [ME candi, sugre candi] (Merriam-Webster, 2009). It was more commonly referred to as “sugre candi,” meaning candied sugar (Merriam- Webster, 2009). By current definition, “candy” is a noun meaning, “any of a variety of confections made with sugar, syrup, etc., often combined with chocolate, fruit, nuts, etc.” (dictionary.com). According to dictionary.com, it can also be used as a verb meaning “to reduce (sugar, syrup, etc.) to a crystalline form, usually by boiling down;...
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.... At 5:30 am the slaves would be sent to the fields with their breakfast. A register would be called and if a slave was absent he would be beaten. Their breakfast at 8:00, consisted of Boiled Yam, Eddoes and Okra which were all seasoned with Salt and Pepper. Work on the sugar Plantation now started, this is where the majority of the Slaves worked. It continued till 12:00 and was a very tiring time. The sugar cane can range from a height of 4 feet to 12 feet or more. Knives were used to cut the stems of the cane and then were at the end of the day, carried to a sugar mill. Here a different set of workers would squeeze the sugar cane to get the precious juice that is used to create sugar. This was a very important job so the smallest mistakes would be punished severely. From 12:00 to 2:00 pm the slaves were allowed to leave their work and have dinner. These often consisted of meaty dishes, as they contain lots of protein which is needed to use muscle. .From 2:00 to 6:00 the slaves had to continue with their work. This was often the time when problems would occur. Many weak slaves would faint in the evenings from extreme heat, and overworking. If this was to happen they would be whipped. At 6:00 the slaves were allowed to return to their huts. After eating bread and butter, or some other light dinner at their hut, they would either be sent to bed, or in the summer forced to work in the boiling house. 3. When the African Slaves were enslaved, they sang slave songs. Some...
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...|Name: Ritika Kanodia | |Roll No. 30 | |Semester: 6th | |Supervisor: Mr. Shantanu P.Chakraborty | |Industry: Sugar Industry | |Title: Impact of Government allocation on the Sugar Industry | Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Undergraduate Degree in Bachelor of Business Administration (Honours) J. D. Birla Institute at the Jadavpur University at Kolkata 13/06/2011 The Controller of Examination, Jadavpur University, Kolkata Respected sir, This research work has been done by me and is an original work. The references used have been mentioned in the bibliography. My University Registration no. is 104748 of 2008-2009 and my sixth semester examination...
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...Bottom of the Drink They had to go. The Coke machine, the snack machine, the deep fryer. Hoisted and dragged through the halls and out to the curb, they sat with other trash beneath gray, forlorn skies behind Kirkpatrick Elementary, one of a handful of primary schools in Clarksdale, Mississippi. That was seven years ago, when administrators first recognized the magnitude of the problem. Clarksdale, a storied delta town that gave us the golden age of the Delta blues, its cotton fields and flatlands rolling to the river, its Victorian mansions still beautiful, is at the center of a colossal American health crisis. High rates of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease: the legacy, some experts say, of sugar, a crop that brought the ancestors of most Clarksdale residents to this hemisphere in chains. “We knew we had to do something,” Kirkpatrick principal SuzAnne Walton told me. Walton, Clarksdale born and bred, was leading me through the school, discussing ways the faculty is trying to help students—baked instead of fried, fruit instead of candy—most of whom have two meals a day in the lunchroom. She was wearing scrubs—standard Monday dress for teachers, to reinforce the school’s commitment to health and wellness. The student body is 91 percent African American, 7 percent white, “and three Latinos”—the remaining 2 percent. “These kids eat what they’re given, and too often it’s the sweetest, cheapest foods: cakes, creams, candy. It had to change. It was about the...
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...REPORT Independent Assessment of the Sugar Industry 2002 Clive Hildebrand Independent Assessment of the Sugar Industry 2002 Clive Hildebrand Report to the Hon. Warren Truss MP Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry I n d e p e n d e n t A s s e s s m e n t o f t h e S u g a r I n d u s t r y Secretariat: GPO Box 858, Canberra ACT 2601 ph: +61 2 6272 4388 fax: +61 2 6272 3359 email: sugar@affa.gov.au web: www.affa.gov.au/sugar The Hon Warren Truss MP Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Parliament House CANBERRA ACT 2600 Dear Minister I have pleasure in presenting my Assessment of the sugar industry’s viability and restructuring needs as requested. It is my personal opinion, neither more nor less, after an intense period of contact activity covering all the groups requested, and after personal research. As requested it is written in direct terms, and is without modification for outside requests except to observe confidentiality. While at times critical, it is a genuine attempt to contribute to the long term future of this industry, which is so rich with history and today’s hard working and dedicated people, and so important to regional coastal Queensland and northern New South Wales, as well as the Ord River Irrigation Area. The process chosen was open and transparent. Despite time limitations I am confident that I have been given a privileged insight into the state of the industry and the key issues. Economic and environmental drivers were examined...
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...CHAPTER – I 1.1 ABOUT THE TOPIC Quality of work life means “the degree top which members of a work organization are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experience in the organization” QWL could be defined as “the Quality of the relationship between the man and task. QWL is a process by which an organization responds to employee needs for developing mechanism to allow them to share fully in making the decisions that design their lives at work. Quality of work life has gained deserved prominence in the Organizational Behavior as an indicator of the overall of human experience in the work place. It expresses a special way of thinking about people their work, and the organizational in which careers are fulfilled. QWL refers to the relationship between a worker and his environment, adding the human dimension to the technical and economic dimensions within which the work is normally viewed and designed. QWL focus on the problem of creating a human working environment where employees work co – operatively and achieve results collectively. It also includes. • The programme seeks to promote human dignity and growth • Employees work collaboratively They determine work change participate • The programme assume compatibility of people and organization QWL refers to the level of satisfaction, motivation, involvement and commitment individuals experience with respect to their line at work. QWL is the degree...
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...CANE COSO v. PIT BULL: Let’s Compare Some Traits I have to say, we’re obviously biased here toward cane corsos, but we do love pit bulls nonetheless. So, I wanted to address the subject that seems to come up frequently about “Which is a better guard dog?” My immediate answer, hands-down, ALWAYS is the cane corso. While pit bulls are fierce and highly aggressive toward other dogs, they seldom attack people. They are very sociable, and make good family pets, despite their bad reputation. We have owned several pit bulls, so this is speaking from experience. They are very good hunting dogs…pits LOVE to be worked. And I doubt you’d ever find a better Frisbee chaser than a pit bull. But when it comes to guarding your ASSets, **ahem** I have to go with the cane corso every time. Plus, they’re still under the radar in terms of where you can own one and drive around with one in your vehicle, which is a bonus if you’re into driving around with your dog riding shotgun. Pit bulls are quickly becoming outlawed in many regions, sadly because of false media representations and also because people just don’t seem to want to devote the amount of time required to train such an active-breed dog…I guess it all goes back to the saying that dumb people just shouldn’t own dogs, but it’s still a free country in that respect. Here’s a link to an article that picks apart each breed a little better than I think I could do: http://www.squidoo.com/pittbullsvcanecorso This article, by...
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...A cane sugar mill is a factory that processes sugar cane to produce raw or white sugarAs in many other industries factory automation has been promoted heavily in sugar refineries in recent decades. The production process is generally controlled by a central process control system, which directly controls most of the machines and components. For security reasons only certain special machines, such as the centrifuges in the sugar house, are decentralized. In these cases PLCs are used Due to the low purity the evapo-crystallization alone is not sufficient to exhaust molasses, and so the so-called massecuite (French for “boiled mass”) is passed through cooling crystallizers[3] until a temperature of approx. 45 °C is reached.THE SOIL NEEDED FOR THE GROWTH OF SUGAR WAS AVAILABLE HERE. COTTON TEXTILE A cotton mill is a factory that houses spinning and weaving machinery. Typically built between 1775 and 1930, mills spun cotton which was an important product during the Industrial Revolution. The English cotton mill, which emerged as an entity in 1771, went through many changes before the last one was constructed in 1929. THE JUTE INDUSTRY Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibres and is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable fibres. Margaret Donnelly, a jute mill landowner...
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