...No. 12, December 1996 Suicidal Behavior Runs in Families A Controlled Family Study of Adolescent Suicide Victims David A. Brent, MD; Jeff Bridge; Barbara A. Johnson, MD; John Connolly, MA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(12):1145-1152. Abstract Background: While previous studies have shown an increased rate of suicidal behavior in the relatives of suicide victims, it is unclear if this is attributable merely to increased familial rates of psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we conducted a family study of adolescent suicide victims (suicide probands) and community control probands (controls) to determine if the rates of suicidal behavior were higher in the relatives of adolescent suicide probands even after adjusting for differences in the familial rates of psychiatric disorders. Method: The relatives of 58 adolescent suicide probands and 55 demographically similar controls underwent assessment for Axis I and II psychiatric disorders, lifetime history of aggression, and history of suicidal behavior (attempts and completions) using a combination of family study and family history approaches. Results: The rate of suicide attempts was increased in the first-degree relatives of suicide probands compared with the relatives of controls, even after adjusting for differences in rates of proband and familial Axis I and II disorders (odds ratio, 4.3; 95% confidence intervals, 1.1-16.6). On the other hand, the excess rate of suicidal ideation found in the relatives...
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...General Practitioner Paper SWK 6370 10/3/2014 | Assessment (Hepworth, 2013, p. 192-193) Client is Ms. Juana Hernandez, though Will County Health Department, made referral to Joliet Area Community Hospice- it increasingly hard to cope with her 9 year old son’s death. As the anniversary of his death comes near, client has thoughts of suicide and finds it unbearable to face the fact that her son is dead. Ms. Hernandez is 38, single mom, and has two daughters, ages 5 and 8. She lives in a two bedroom apartment. * Ms. Hernandez is currently facing legal problems for driving on a suspended license. Client drives to and from appointments; thus raising concerns. Client is currently being treated for suicidal thoughts related to her son’s death. She reports that she’s taking all prescribed medications and has no thoughts of hurting herself and/or others. * Ms. Hernandez also expresses concerns for her other two daughters in the household. The girls are 5 and 8 years old. Recently her daughter (5 year old) had been playing in her room unattended and somehow managed to fall from the second floor window. The daughter told her mother that her deceased brother told her to play with him. The client acknowledges that she and her 5 year old daughter are being medically treated for Bipolar Disorder. Client has also been diagnosed with Schizophrenia. * She was sexually assaulted as a teenager and has not sought counseling to cope with the effects of the assault. Client appears...
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...Group Project – Final Draft Multiple Sclerosis – The Physical and Behavioral Effects Multiple Sclerosis, also known as MS, or Demyelinating disease; a disease that not many are aware of. It is “an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system).” (A.D.A.M. Inc, 2011) The symptoms vary depending on the individual affected by the disease, and it also differs in duration for each symptom. In this paper, we will discuss the definition of Multiple Sclerosis, review the main symptoms affecting Multiple Sclerosis patients and their loved ones, its risk factors, how to recognize potential symptoms, the tests available, and support groups that can provide more information on this disease as well as how to cope with it. Depression is one of the main side effects Multiple Sclerosis patients have; it is unfortunately very common for someone with Multiple Sclerosis to experience depression. To learn more about the disease, we have to understand what MS is. Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, is an auto-immune disease that affects your brain’s nervous system; the “T-Cells” attack your neurons which function is to send signals to your brain. Each nerve cell control different parts of your body and emotions; having the T-cells attacking your emotional nerves can impact your way of living. If these T-cells damage the nerves of the brain that are involved in emotional expression and control; it can create a variety of behavioral changes resulting in depression...
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...This paper looks at how depression continues to be one of most common medical conditions for the elderly. It also examines the increase in the suicidal tendencies of the depressed, taking into account the wrong assumption that aging necessitates depression and the difficulty of health care providers in recognizing depression. It examines how symptoms may take months to worsen and show up and how aging individuals should be treated similarly to younger patients when seen by the doctor. It is up to family and health care providers to be vigilant and notice changes, and with care, individuals can be helped. Some of these symptoms include depressed mood, loss of interest in work and activities, psychic anxiety, somatic symptoms, general (decreased energy), somatic anxiety, guilt, middle insomnia, late insomnia, and suicidal ideation. Literature into the issue of depression and the suicide rate where elderly people are concerned is important for several reasons. Consider these facts: The highest rate of suicide in the United States is among the elderly population. Moreover, suicide rates steadily increase as age advances in individuals of all races and both genders. Those that are 65 years and older successfully complete suicide fifty percent more often than the national average. Every 90 minutes a senior citizen in the United States commits suicide. Population experts estimate that by 2030, the elderly population will be about 20% of the population-about 75 million people (Heisel...
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...Phenomenon of risky behavior: NSSI •Health behavior models and theories for understanding risky behavior Human behavior is complex and describing and predicting it continues to be a challenge in social science. Social influence, such as drugs, family, peers, media, has a great impact on development of negative behavior that would require intervention or prevention to make changes in health and behavioral habits by examining the behaviors of findings based on current research and theories /models of behavioral change. Per Heilbron et al. (2008) many current research focused on prevalent and risky group of self –harm behaviors that are growing mostly due to social, peer influence engaging in NSSI. Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is one of prevalent health behavior risks in pre-adolescence and adolescence, and many fields have offered theories and models that can be important applications for research on peer influence and change of behavior in NSSI groups for behavioral change (Heilbron et al. 2008). Behavioral theories of peer influence are one application to determine NSSI based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT, originally social learning theory) (Ragin, 2011). Social cognitive theory (SCT) is the psychological model of behavior developed by the work of Albert Bandura (1977; 1986). SCT (Ragin (2011) suggests that cognitive processes are serious to the acquisition and regulation of behaviors, and individuals learn through modeling, direct operant reinforcement with methods...
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...John Thomas Montague Dr. Holmes ENC1102 16 Jan. 2012 Human Behavior in Durang’s ‘Wanda’s Visit” Who doesn’t enjoy being happy? Every human strives to accomplish this feat in one way or another throughout life. Whether it is getting married, having children, and growing old with the one you love, or living a single life, running around being free from the old ball and chain. Christopher Durang depicts how humans are an unhappy species through Jim, Marsha, and Wanda in the play “Wanda’s Visit,” along with showing a variety of other emotions humans are capable of possessing. Durang compares two different lifestyles, both leading to a not quite so happy ending. Jim and Marsha are a middle aged, attractive couple that has been together for 13 years. They have reached a point in life where they have seemingly reached a plateau and cannot climb any higher. It seems as though they are looking for something new and exciting in order to move on to this next level in their relationship. In the play it mentions that Jim tried to get drunk at their 13th wedding anniversary in order to spark up some new feelings, but instead ended up falling asleep early with his still bland marriage. Happiness seems to be lacking, yet the two are at this point in their life which they assumed would be the happiest they could ever be. After Wanda stirred up their relationship quite a bit and was gone, Jim and Marsha joined an aerobics class and sought out a marriage...
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...THE IMPACT OF INTERNET USE ON CHILDREN/ADOLESCENTS By Miss Kaleyvani Geeseeny Sawmy Clinical Psychologist Children’s motives Few studies have been conducted – that can explain people’s motives for using internet. Research suggest that children use media for entertainment and relaxation purposes (to relieve boredom, to play games, or for social interaction) however little is known about what really motivate children to use Internet. Adolescents’ motives Use the Internet more for social interaction Social identity, peer interactions, and relationships become increasingly important - thus, it is likely that they become more interested in the Internet for communication purposes, such as e-mail or chat As they mature, they begin to use the Internet more for Gender Differences Boys Girls Entertainment More interested in playing video and computer games The Internet provides many opportunities to play online games To seek information, for example, for their homework ( as girls are more compliant so they will listen to parents and teachers) Social interaction ( since girls used to chat and keep in touch with friends) NEGATIVE BEHAVIOURS Exposure to Violence Addiction Social Relations Pornography Eating disorders Exposure to Violence With the growing use of the internet by children, there is an increase in online games. These games are very violent and expose children to explicit content and violent...
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...Sling Blade – Mentally Challenged Shannon Merritt PSY 281 LN1 Professor Holly Schofield March 28, 2012 Thesis: Stereotypes that misrepresent, mock, and trivialize mental illness should not be tolerated because they are hurtful as well as offensive; furthermore, they reinforce the stigma that discourages those who are ill from getting the help they need. Karl Childers is a mentally-challenged man with a touch of simple goodness in him and a violent murderous background. He is very high functioning, very organized, and clearly knows the difference between right and wrong which leads me to believe that he might be slightly autistic. At the request of his father, Karl is in some way responsible for the death of his younger brother, who was born prematurely. Karl knew it was wrong for him to just throw him away in a barrel so he put him in a box and gave him a proper burial. Karl also murdered his mother and her lover because he thought she was being raped but soon came to the realization that his mother wanted to be with her lover. To protect Linda and Frank, Karl murdered Doyle, Linda’s boyfriend, because he was an abusive person was just plain nasty all around. Patient History Name: Karl Childers Age: around 32 Sex: Male Race: White Marital Status: Single Employment: Small-engine repair Karl was mentally challenged and institutionalize for about twenty years because he murdered his mother and her lover. His parents were poor and illiterate...
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...There are many definitions of Organizational Behavior (OB). In order to develop a personal operating definition of OB, I read several definitions to help form a framework of what OB means to me. The definitions I read ranged from the very complex to the very simple. Along with many OB definitions, there are also many different types of research. Mole noted four assumptions that are used in all OB research (2002). 1. Behavior is predictable 2. Behavior is caused 3. Behavior has many causes 4. Generalities can be made Personal Operational Definition With the above assumptions, as well as the concept that OB is a combination of different fields of behavioral sciences, I developed the following operational definition of OB. The study of Organizational Behavior is to observe, analyze and learn, what variables influence individual behavior, at both the individual and group levels, and understand how it affects the behavior of the organization. I will use this operating definition in my organization as we plan to make a major software change. The process is underway to replace the maintenance software system with an updated software so that a purchasing package can be procured that will integrate the two. By observing the behavior of the employees, I will be able to better understand the cause of their resistance to change. I will recommend a cross functional team to address all the concerns and determine what features of the old software are important and should be...
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...APOLLO .W. MBOGO ( MOI UNIVERSITY)------- Organizational behavior Organizational behavior refers to the study of people and their behavior in the organization and their work place. Organizational behavior is an aspect that deals with great range of disciplines which includes management sociology, psychology, and communication. Organizational behavior brings about achievement of highest performance and good results due to the application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations and workplaces. Through the study of organizational behavior, managers are able to know the problems affecting the employees in the organization and come up with solutions to solve these problems. As a result it brings they work harmoniously together as a family thereby bringing high achievement If a manager is assigned to manage an organization, it is necessary for him or her to understand how the organization operates. Organization may refer to the combination of science and people. While science and technology can be predicted, human behavior in an organization cannot be predicted. This is because human behaviors arise from needs and value systems of people. Organizations refer to people this means that without people organizations would not exist. This means that if managers want to understand the organizations in which they work, they must first understand the people who are the constituents of the organizations. People are the most valuable assets of the...
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...Architecture and the Environment Paper  • Prepare a 1,150- to 1,400-word paper in which you explore human response to physical structure. As a part of your paper be sure to address the following:  o Describe how physical structure affects human behavior. o Analyze architecture as a means of controlling human behavior. o Describe the environmental psychological implications of commercial and residential design, including purpose and considerations. o Analyze the importance of architectural development supporting sustainable development. Architecture and the Environment Paper The Environment and its inhabitants cannot be explained separately both shape each other and is shaped by the environment. There are different kinds of environments that need different kinds of behavioral workings that are sensory input, internal representations that change the structure of the earth for who people live there. “To understand the interactions of the physical world and behavior, then, we must consider the two in an intertwined fashion†(Todd & Wilson, 1993). Effect of Physical Structure on Human Behavior Architectural design always played a significant aspect in one’s comfort and health. It is a different form of art surrounding one every day. Unfortunately, for years, it has not been considered this way and its benefits have not been recognized. However with the increasing research and interest in...
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...manager who wants to encourage efficiency and the highest standards of service? A stage of Change Model as proposed by Prochaska and Colleagues for addictive behaviors consists of six dynamic stages. The six stages are: Precontemplation, Contemplation, preparation, action maintenance, and termination. Precontemplation is when an individual is not considering making any changes. Contemplation is the time when an individual is aware there is a problem and is considering taking action to resolve it. Preparation refers to the time when an individual commits to taking action sometime within the next 30 days. Action is the busiest time. There are noticeable efforts to change the targeted behavior. Maintenance is the stage when a person tries to stabilize the behavior change and prevent relapse. Termination is the final stage, this occurs when there is zero temptation to revert back to the old behavior. Healthcare administrators can utilize the Prochaska Stages of Change model to assists themselves in developing procedures to support patients or subordinates who will benefit from behavior modification. It helps one to recognize that the customary counseling and patient is not always effective with all individuals’. Being familiar with the stages through in which individuals pass during the course of successfully altering a behavior permits us to be able to fashion interventions to the individual. Our understanding of this concept permits one to enrich those stages by utilizing specific...
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...Running Head: EMPATHY AND SOCIAL LEARNING Developing Empathy: Nurturing Through Social Learning Abstract This paper explores the Social Learning Theory and how prosocial behavior, specifically empathy, is cultured through observation, modeling and imitation. Empathy is defined through a review of Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment, Jeremy Sloan’s article on developing empathy and the impact it has on animals in our world, and an assessment of empathy in future criminal justice professionals. All provide evidence and data to support the finding that adults have lasting influence on children and how ones behavior is formed. Empathy is a vital trait and it’s a primary requisite for successfully managing daily experiences. Key words: Empathy, Modeling, Social Learning, and Development Introduction The development of empathy allows us the innate ability to relate to another’s experiences, motives and feelings. It is the foundation of compassion and caring, and is monumental in many of life’s challenges and successes. It is what allows us to learn from others and become responsible, caring adults. Many significant professions require empathy: medical care, fire rescue, education, criminal justice, and most importantly parenting. Tragic events such as slavery and the Holocaust illuminate the significance of empathy, it’s part in humankind’s wellbeing, and how requisite it is to encourage healthy development of the trait (Sajo, 2011). It is therefore of utmost...
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...Behaviorism, Humanistic and Psychoanalysis. The Humanistic approach began as a movement in the 1950's meant to take a healthy, or holistic, method to understanding the nature of what it is to be human. This perspective addresses values important to humans: love, compassion, creativity, etc. It is considered the third force of Psychology, the first being Behaviorism and the second being Psychoanalysis. The founders of the Humanistic theory were Abraham Maslov and Carl Rogers. They concerned themselves with the psychological well-being of a person, it focused on being able to realize your full potential or 'self-actualization'. This concept had a huge impact on psychology as we know it today because it concerned itself with areas of human behavior that other theories ignored. "The humanistic perspective values the integrity of each individual" (Editorial Board, 2011). It is believed that you could lose yourself because you become preoccupied with the notion of gaining acceptance from others. When you, as a person, are so consumed with being accepted, you tend to mold yourself and become something and someone that you are not. "The Humanistic perspective saw humans as being intentional, that they seek to have a sense of purpose and value" (Career Education Corporation, 2010). One of the therapeutic methods...
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...EOC Charter School Case management Log Student Name: ________Camacho, Keila___________ Areas to Review: Achievement __ Attendance __ Behavior __ Completing Assignment/Homework: All __ Most __ Some __ None __ Attendance: Days ___ Hrs__ Min ___ Behavior Codes: 01 | Continually Uses Positive behavior | 11 | Foul Language | 21 | Leaving Class w/o Permission | 31 | Sexual Harassment | 41 | Use of Firearms | 02 | Tardy - mild | 12 | Lying | 22 | Vandalism – not tagging | 32 | Rape/Sexual Assault | 42 | Poss of Firearms | 03 | Tardy - Severe | 13 | Not Following Directions | 23 | Tagging | 33 | Distribution of Drugs | 43 | Poss of other Weapon | 04 | Absences | 14 | Encouraging Misconduct | 24 | Fight w/o Weapon | 34 | Poss/Use of Tobacco | 44 | Use of other Weapon | 05 | Not Responding | 15 | Cheating | 25 | Fight w/ Weapon | 35 | Poss/Use of Alcohol | 45 | Bus Violation | 06 | Not Doing Work | 16 | Dress Code | 26 | Threat w/o Weapon | 36 | Poss/Use of Drugs | 46 | Cell Phone | 07 | Disruptive - Mild | 17 | Sleeping/Head down | 27 | Threat w/ Weapon | 37 | Robbery w/o Weapon | 47 | Other Disruptive Device | 08 | Disruptive - Severe | 18 | Missed Detention | 28 | Bullying/Harassment | 38 | Robbery w/ Weapon | 48 | Talking | 09 | Defiance - Mild | 19 | Computer Misuse | 29 | Hate Crime | 39 | Auto Theft | 49 | | 10 | Defiance - Severe | 20 | Restricted Area Violation | 30 | Gang Activity | 40 | Theft Larceny | 50 | | Academic Interventions: ...
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