...The term suicide by cop was first coined by Dr. Karl Harris in 1983 when he was a suicide hotline operator. Dr. Harris had previously served on the police force and had quoted to the New York Times in 1998 that he coined the term as a result of his years on the police force and his experience of observing, "cases where it appeared that people had actually forced police officers to shoot them" (Voorhees, 2014). Suicide by cop is the result of an individual intentionally displaying life-threatening behaviors in order to coerce a law enforcement officer to respond with lethal force which results in that individual's death. The typically profile for an individual that is likely to engage in a suicide by cop is younger, Caucasian, males who have active relationship conflicts or have suffered from mental health issues (Patton & Fremouw, 2016). In terms of percentages, the estimated percentages for suicide by cop victims were around ninety-eight percent males, fifty-two percent were Caucasian, and the average of their ages were in the earlier thirties. According to a case report produced by the American Journal of Psychiatry, suicide by cop accounts for ten to thirty-six percent of law enforcement shootings. Upon researching each of these victim's triggers it was discovered that over seventy percent of them had recently suffered a stressful, adverse life event such as the recent end of a relationship, victim or perpetrator of domestic violence,diagnosis of a terminal illness, a loss...
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...Abstract For years the alcoholic cop was a commonplace fixture around police stations nationwide. Both large and small departments had to contend with the issues surrounding the disease of alcoholism and its progression among members of their forces. While it is common knowledge that the law enforcement profession is not the only occupational group to experience alcoholism among the ranks and the alcoholic officer is not unlike millions of others in the workforce that contend with the disease, how prevalent does the abuse of alcohol among police officers remain? It was 1975 when former law enforcement turned novelist, Joseph Wambaugh, shared The Choirboys with us. Wambaugh’s fictional tale of the shenanigans involving police officers spent a great deal of time discussing the use and abuse of alcohol by the police. Are cops are still turning up the bottle and at an alarming rate? From the Wambaugh’s tales of the after-shift meetings in MacArthur Park to today’s “stress-relief” briefings at various wing houses and sports bars across the country police officers are boozing it up and alcohol abuse among the profession has reached an all-time high. Recent studies indicate that one-quarter of all police officers in the U.S. are afflicted with the disease of alcoholism. Not surprisingly, studies have established a significant correlation between occupational stress and increased alcohol use by police officers today. Occupational...
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...Child Abuse a Lifetime Sentence Jolene Dancliff COM/156 05-6-2010 Dan Price Child Abuse a Lifetime Sentence Once into adulthood, victims of child abuse search for some form of coping mechanisms to forget or mask the trauma and the pain of child abuse. According to Shub & Cabrera (2011) “Every week 60,000 cases of child abuse or neglect are reported in the United States, and 3 million reports of child abuse or neglect are being filed every year” (p.1). Approximately 50% of child victims abuse drugs or alcohol. (Shub & Cabrer, 2011). The abuse often stems from a response to guilt or a negative self-image. Although as serious as child neglect is, physical abuse more often will result in the abuse of drugs or alcohol. Poverty, social inadequacies and lack of academic achievement all lead to the probability of an adult survivor turning to drugs and alcohol as a way to relieve their internal turmoil. Adult survivors that suffered poverty in their childhood struggle financially due to inadequate resources to obtain quality education. They also have a lack of adequate housing or access to nutritional food. These all increase the odds of the survivor turning to substance abuse. People who are abused often are unable to fit comfortably into any social setting. Because of their insecurities and their uneasiness, it is easier for them to cope when they become intoxicated or high. It bolsters confidence and gives them a false sense of confidence. However, for some...
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...Debate Paper: Gun Ownership versus Gun Prohibition Mark Mitchell XBCOM-275 April 27, 2014 Daniel Anderson Debate Paper: Gun Ownership versus Gun Prohibition Gun control (prohibition) is one of those matters on which practically every person has a view and those views are deeply maintained. Whether a person is pro-gun or anti-gun is based on each's opinion and are repeatedly established not on real details but rather on crude passions driven by extensively broadcasted distortions regarding the use and misuse of guns. Additionally, most people have the same opinion that gun-related injuries or death of unintended person should by no means tolerated, although there is a wide range of opinions on what the course of action to take in an attempt to obtain a proper solution. So in the interest of clarifying this subject of which is right and proper, whether it is the Private ownership of guns or the prohibitions of guns (or if the answer lies somewhere in the middle) is truly right for the country; enter the debate. As to reasons in support of pro-guns ownership for private citizens, comes from one of the founding fathers Thomas Jefferson (n.d.) who eloquently stated “The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government." He also said," No free man shall ever be debarred the use of arms.” This belief was not his alone but that of all the founding fathers. This belief was so...
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...Casualties of Law Enforcement: Homicide and Suicide Katherine Nielsen Buena Vista University Online Abstract This work is an overview of the increase in deaths of law enforcement agents: those killed on duty and those who kill themselves. As per a yearly report (Berman, 2014), the number of law enforcement agents killed while working rose almost a quarter this past year compared to years prior, especially ambush-style killings. Police officers across the country face potential dangers on their job, and they are a target simply because they are in uniform. As well, every 17 hours an officer commits suicide (Berman, 2014). This paper explores the correlation of the stress experienced by law enforcement associated with general strain theory (GST). GST is an explanation for suicide ideation for law enforcement officers. Other articles observe that police officers may suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a critical incident or a traumatic experience. PTSD awareness is critical for saving lives. Why is there an increase in law enforcement deaths and suicides, and what needs to occur to change this trend? Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, general strain theory Introduction There were 50 officers murdered by shootings in 2014, a huge leap from the 32 such deaths a year prior (Berman, 2014). One officer killed is one officer too many, and this trend needs to be reversed. How does society stop this? Altogether, 126 law enforcement officers died in...
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...too late and many are threatened, injured, or even killed in schools, on buses, or in society in general. Throughout this paper, I will explain several types of incidents that have occurred and were ignored and how they were over looked by a higher authority. I will also include some ideas on how we can take further action into preventing tragedies from occurring if possible. Schools and court systems may say that they have a no tolerance level for bullying, but if you stop and think for a second, why do our children and adults still get bullied and it is often much easier for teachers and judicial systems to look the other way than to put a stop to it before it gets out of hand. Title: Bullying Can Occur At Any Age and Is Often Ignored When we hear the word “bully” we automatically think back to when we were school age children and have either been a victim of bullying or been a bully. The truth is that at one point or another we have all witnessed or experienced some form of bullying. Whether it have been committed at school, home, or in our communities, it is by far a pleasurable experience and can make a life changing impact on our lives. Today bullying is too often portrayed as an adolescent stage that children could grow out of, if it is stopped at a young age and they are shown the effects it has on others. The effects of bullying can lead to suicides and deaths if not handled appropriately by parents, teachers, and any other individual who are aware of any incident whether...
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...Crime Causation and Diversion Paper Kendra V. Castro Maldonado CJA/374 Juvenile System and Process July 29, 2014 Prof. Victor Candelario- Vega Crime Causation and Diversion Paper As a prerequisite for the course, we were to analyze two different programs for juvenile offenders, this could be to prevent, to intervene or divert juveniles into committing any crime. On this paper, you will find two-intervention programs practiced in Puerto Rico, in a wish are focused to a certain type of crime or accountability. Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws. The program EUDL is focused on the prohibition of selling alcoholic beverages to minors, and it also focuses on the purchase and consumption of alcoholic beverages by minors. OJJDP's EUDL program supports and enhances efforts by States and local jurisdictions to reduce the availability of alcohol to minors. The program encourages close partnerships between law enforcement agencies and community groups involved in preventing and intervening in underage drinking. OJJDP also offers comprehensive training and technical assistance to guide States and communities in their efforts. Underage drinking contributes to youth violence, traffic injuries and fatalities, crime, suicide, high-risk sex, and a host of other problems. In 2005, underage drinkers (defined as individuals younger than21 years old) consumed 15 percent of all alcohol sold in the United States (Miller, 2006). To address this serious problem, the Office of Juvenile Justice...
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...doubt if a single individual could be found from the whole of mankind free from some form of insanity. The only difference is one of degree.” (Desiderius Erasmus) Determining mental disorders among the criminal population is difficult as well as tedious but it is important that they are continue to be researched to better understand the criminal mind and to distinguish those that are plagued by mental disorders from those that choose the life of crime. In this paper I want to address the way the criminal with mental disorders perceive situations compared with what we would consider a normal person and that of a person who commits a crime for personal reasons. The first thing that should be known is that a person with a mental disorder(s) can seem like a completely normal person. In several segments of Hidden in Plain Sight: Looking for Mental Illness we see that picking out a person with a mental disorder is almost as difficult as finding a needle in a haystack even when you know what you are looking for. This research was on a group of ten people that some experienced different disorders while there was nothing wrong with others. Gathering these people to live together for five days while three different Psychiatrists observing. Their goal was to pick out the ones with disorders from those who were considered normal. This proved a very difficult task as they all seemed normal, like your neighbor or brother sister or parent in fact by the 11th segment they were able to correctly...
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...The Rising Issue of Generation Y and Police Training By Problem Solving Practicum OL430 Anthony Nixon February 27, 2008 CONTENTS References iii Research Focus The Real Issues 1 What is Generation X? 2 Generation Y 4 The Problem 6 Recruitment, Selection, and Retention 8 Conclusions 12 References Lomi Kriel. (2006, June 26). Cities face troubles in hiring cops. San Antonio Express News, p. 1. Andy Headworth. (2007, December 07). Ten differences between Generation X and Generation Y Employees [Msg 1]. Message posted to Sirona Says To infinite recruitment and beyond electronic mailing list, archived at http://blog.sironaconsulting.com/sironasays/2007/12/our-futurex-ver.html Wikipedia. (2007). Generation X. In Wikipedia (1st ed., Vol. 1, p. 1). Unknown, World Wide Web: Wikipedia. Retrieved March 10, 2008, from Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_X Research Focus The Real Issues There is a rising problem in the police field regarding hiring and retaining quality officers. At the front of this problem is the Y generation and the opposing generational values between them and generation X. This also lends itself to training issues and the difference in learning styles between the two generations. This paper will delve in to merging the two current styles of training and the problems that might come up during the process. This investigation will deal with agencies across the country as well...
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...We’ve all heard it before. An elderly person rants on and on about how “corrupt” the youth of today is. Yes, we’ve seen examples of youth disregarding the idea of being law-abiding citizens, but do youth really deserve all of the blame? Not necessarily so. Today’s youth, like youth throughout time, are being influenced. The problem is just that the influences of today’s world such as, the media, education, drugs, and alcohol are growing steadily negative and poorer in quality. Social networking, the media, music, education, various drugs, and alcohol affect today’s youth in negative ways. Youth and the Media Some of the most influential vectors affecting teenagers are social networks, the media, and music. Social networking sites dominate the time of many teenagers. Paired with the entertainment industry, and things being said on television or the radio, social media can definitely change people's mindsets and emotions. Think about it. Very often, you see children posting statuses on Facebook or tweeting on twitter. And when these kids are watching television, listening to the radio, or reading magazines, often times the wrong messages are being projected to the ears of teens. The result is a changed teenager. The result is a teenager whose mind is being corrupted by the face of a few people. Nowadays, many teens have a Facebook account. The website is simple. You upload some statuses, you like somebody's pictures, you see what your friends like and update. Even though...
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...The O.J. Simpson Trial: How The Media Effects High Profile Criminal Cases Noah Norwood Florida State University Abstract This paper goes over the effects the media had on the O.J. Simpson case and how the media interfered. The O.J. Simpson murder case is touted as the most televised criminal trial in history and from the second the murders were discovered there was a media frenzy. On the night of June 12, 1994 the bodies of Nicole Brown and her waiter Ronald Goldman were found outside of Nicole’s condo both stabbed to death. The suspect, former athlete, icon, and actor Orenthal James (O.J.) Simpson was the main suspect of the crime. On June 16th, 1994 the LAPD pressed murder charges against him and placed a warrant for his arrest on which he agreed to turn himself in on June 17th 1994 at 11 A.M.. He would not show up to turn himself in and eventually the infamous White Ford Bronco police chase would ensue. Eventually O.J. would be brought in and face trial in what would subsequently lead to him being found not guilty. Throughout this paper we will go over the historical setting and the phases of the incident from the crime committed to the end of the trial. Along with this the effect the high volume of media coverage and publicity will be covered. Also research on how race and gender affected the outcome of this trial will be displayed. To conclude the O.J. Simpson murder trial was highly effected by the media interference from day 1, which caused a racial stir and a certain...
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...INTRODUCTION Gadgets are important to the society. They are man-made technology that is highly accessed by this generation. It is said that electronics gadgets modifies the world. This will show the true power of electronically gadgets. There are many types of gadgets. The gadgets that are usually used by students are smart phones, tablets, televisions, laptops, computers, X-box and kinect. The researchers picked this topic because technology has gotten more attention than the studies of the students of this generation. They would like to know what would be the reason why the youth is more interested in gadgets than their academic performance and the knowledge and skills that they would develop in school. They want to know what they could gain from using gadgets and what they will lose in using these objects. They would also like to be informed about what the changes in behavior and thinking that could affect the growth of a student. They want to asses if the spread of technology would become a distraction or a help to a student. The investigators were appealed to the topic because gadgets are now able to provide easier access to information and educational advantages. Gadgets get the attention of the students because of its engrossing and fascinating presentations of information. This also helps the parents who are unaware of the effects of gadgets to their child’s study. Overuse of gadgets may result to interference with the student determination and ability to learn. Technology...
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...Should The United States Militarize Its' Borders What does the word territory mean to you? Could it mean simply an area of land that is ruled under the jurisdiction of a state or leader? Territory is one of the never ending battles humans of the Earth will face. We fought over it hundreds of thousands of years ago. And we are still fighting over it today. The battles we face today are different that in the past. Today the United States are fighting to keep the U.S. of America free and not overrun. But is that victory we envision in our future worth the cost it will entail. The only thing that is separating the United States border and Mexico’s border is simply an imaginary line. It is nothing we can see just what we are told is there. Then there are the official structures, the fences and wall and the use of border patrol agents to enforce the laws and boundaries. Yet you still have illegal immigrants crossing into United States territory without permission. What can we do to solve this issue at hand? We can invest in the use of heavy force. We can militarize our borders. Militarization is the organization or aggregation of military force in a territory. (Wickham, n.d.) The United States can send thousands of men and women to the borders to stop this from occurring. They can increase the size of the fences and walls. Invest in drones and spy planes. The only problem is how many will it take, or how will this affect the economy of the United States. This could lead to higher...
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...A ∑ E= mc 2 This eBook is provided by www.PlentyofeBooks.net Plenty of eBooks is a blog with an aim of helping people, especially students, who cannot afford to buy some costly books from the market. For more Free eBooks and educational material visit www.PlentyofeBooks.net Uploaded By Bhavesh Pamecha (samsexy98) 1 INFLUENCE The Psychology of Persuasion ROBERT B. CIALDINI PH.D. This book is dedicated to Chris, who glows in his father’s eye Contents Introduction 1 Weapons of Influence 2 Reciprocation: The Old Give and Take…and Take 3 Commitment and Consistency: Hobgoblins of the Mind 4 Social Proof: Truths Are Us 5 Liking: The Friendly Thief 6 Authority: Directed Deference 7 Scarcity: The Rule of the Few Epilogue Instant Influence: Primitive Consent for an Automatic Age Notes Bibliography Index Acknowledgments About the Author Cover Copyright About the Publisher v 1 13 43 87 126 157 178 205 211 225 241 INTRODUCTION I can admit it freely now. All my life I’ve been a patsy. For as long as I can recall, I’ve been an easy mark for the pitches of peddlers, fundraisers, and operators of one sort or another. True, only some of these people have had dishonorable motives. The others—representatives of certain charitable agencies, for instance—have had the best of intentions. No matter. With personally disquieting frequency, I have always found myself in possession of unwanted magazine subscriptions or tickets to the sanitation workers’ ball. Probably...
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...instance—have had the best of intentions. No matter. With personally disquieting frequency, I have always found myself in possession of unwanted magazine subscriptions or tickets to the sanitation workers’ ball. Probably this long-standing status as sucker accounts for my interest in the study of compliance: Just what are the factors that cause one person to say yes to another person? And which techniques most effectively use these factors to bring about such compliance? I wondered why it is that a request stated in a certain way will be rejected, while a request that asks for the same favor in a slightly different fashion will be successful. So in my role as an experimental social psychologist, I began to do research into the psychology of compliance. At first the research vi / Influence took the form of experiments performed,...
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