In Robert Jurmain and Lynn Kilgore's research, they wanted to investigate sex patterns between apes and humans and how their bone trauma are examined. They also wanted to find out the causes of such traumas and their “ability to exploit resources or to find mates. They begun their investigation by gathering bones from different parts of the world. They gathered bone samples from Africa and California. In the way they can unsure that the sample was not the same and from a different culture. After this, they begun to test different bones and find if they had any cranial or postcranial injuries. For the bone sample they utilized long bones, and cranial. Then they began to compare the injures between humans males and females and apes. They used