Free Essay

Summary

In: Social Issues

Submitted By karment
Words 1072
Pages 5
8/21/2015

Police need to customize their approach to community ­ Times Union

http://www.timesunion.com/tuplus­opinion/article/Police­need­to­customize­their­approach­to­
6226959.php

Police need to customize their approach to community
By David H. Bayley and James R. Acker, Commentary Published 5:24 pm, Monday, April 27, 2015

Recent ill­fated police­citizen encounters have called the legitimacy of police conduct into question, particularly among people of color. Most police officers nevertheless do their jobs effectively and with the support and tacit appreciation of a majority of the citizens they serve.
The problem is that both police and communities are in a bind. Police are expected to prevent crime from happening and make arrests. Because of their deployments, strategies and suspicions, they cannot do so without their targets including young black men. Crime is most prevalent and populations most at risk in poor, minority neighborhoods. The police should be there. The residents want them to be there.
The celebrated crime­prevention strategy "Broken Windows" focuses on eliminating physical signs of neglect and disrupting unruly behavior on the streets. Although frequently sensible and effective, this strategy puts young black men at particular risk.
Police officers, like many other people, are prone to have a heightened fear of young black men. They may concentrate on pretexts like "furtive movements" in the expectation of preventing crime. Well­intentioned policing consequently becomes a source of alienation for particular communities.

More Information
David H. Bayley is a distinguished professor
(emeritus), and James R. Acker is a distinguished teaching professor at the
School of Criminal Justice, University at
Albany.

Can the police prevent crime without focusing unjustifiably on innocent young black men? Yes, but not in the ways that are gaining most attention.

Reforming the prosecutorial system comes too late. Cultural sensitivity training for rookie cops comes too early; police officers will do what the system requires them to do regardless of their training. Body cameras are not a solution; police officers control their use and will not record actions not taken that might have avoided violence.
To solve the dilemma confronting police and citizens, police departments must adapt their crime­prevention strategies to contextual differences among the communities they serve. Communities are not cut from common cloth. What is right for New York City, with its expanse, population and incidence of crime, will not necessarily be the right approach for law enforcement in small rural upstate villages. http://www.timesunion.com/tuplus­opinion/article/Police­need­to­customize­their­approach­to­6226959.php 1/3

8/21/2015

Police need to customize their approach to community ­ Times Union

We should not be surprised, then, to find that similarly discriminate attention must be given to police­community relationships, police­citizen interactions and matters that bear on the perceived legitimacy of the police and how they conduct their business.
Consider, for example, how police departments begin tackling a spike in crime. Many have adopted some version of CompStat ("Computer Statistics"), which requires them to maintain detailed, location­specific records about criminal activity. Weekly staff meetings are held to discuss the localized crime statistics and then develop plans of action. Results are monitored and precinct commanders are held accountable for responding effectively by reducing crime.
Why not, therefore, expect police departments to adopt a similar approach regarding their working relationships with citizens in the communities they serve — involving careful data collection, planning, strategic action and evaluation, coupled with performance accountability? Such an approach might be accomplished by:
• Assigning patrol officers for lengthy periods to crime­afflicted beats so they can learn to distinguish troublesome and trouble­free individuals. In effect, police would become known to the residents for knowing the residents, not for treating them all, particularly young black men, with suspicion.
• Requiring police to obtain neighborhood residents' consent about the types of suspicious actions and minor infractions they will act on. Communities will not agree to everything, but they will learn that the tactics of prevention are negotiable.
• Prioritizing the process of gaining consent from neighborhoods among the many responsibilities police have. Gaining consent will require constant attention. It is best carried out by patrol officers and requires specialization within policing that is just as important as responding to calls­for­service.
Some strategies will be more appropriate for some kinds of problems with some kinds of people in some kinds of communities than others. What may be called for in Ferguson,
Mo., will be quite different from what would be effective in Staten Island, or upstate New
York.
One important measure of police performance is their ability to command the trust and cooperation of the citizens in the communities they serve. If and only if this objective is identified as important in police departments, and ensuing measures are taken to collect data, engage in strategic planning, monitor and evaluate results, and hold police officers and their supervisors accountable for performance, can we expect real progress to be made. http://www.timesunion.com/tuplus­opinion/article/Police­need­to­customize­their­approach­to­6226959.php

2/3

8/21/2015

Police need to customize their approach to community ­ Times Union

We should not underestimate the difficulties of reorienting policing in this way. Police departments are like aircraft carriers: They do not change course quickly. Their standard response is to continue business­as­usual unless new money is forthcoming. But this is unlikely, given the state of local finances and absent federal support. The only alternative is for police departments to rethink what is essential and nonessential and reallocate their own funds accordingly. Since this will involve winners and losers within the department, it will be hugely controversial.
Going against tradition requires courageous leadership and intensive preparation of police personnel and the communities they serve. The solution to the crime­prevention, police legitimacy dilemma in minority communities can only come from the police. The initiative behind it, however, must come from an aroused and insightful public.
© 2015 Hearst Communications, Inc.

Return to Top

About

| Contact Us Our Company Careers Advertising Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy
Your California Privacy Rights

Content

| Blogs Weather School Closings Events Calendar Weddings/Celebrations Births Obituaries

Connect

| Newsletters

Facebook

Twitter

Pinterest

Google+

Instagram

Subscribe | Subscriber Services Home Delivery iPad app Times Union Plus Copyright and Reprint eEdition

© Copyright 2015 The Hearst Corporation

http://www.timesunion.com/tuplus­opinion/article/Police­need­to­customize­their­approach­to­6226959.php

3/3

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Exec Summary Electronic Discharge

...[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Electronic Discharge Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Electronic Discharge Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY S. CHANDE, C. CHAHAL, N. GANDHI, A. HUSSEIN, K. MANOHARON. N. NURU S. CHANDE, C. CHAHAL, N. GANDHI, A. HUSSEIN, K. MANOHARON. N. NURU THE PROPOSAL There were 15 million discharge summaries produced for admissions into hospital last year. A staggering 80% of these were found to be inaccurate or incomplete and another 70% of these were reported as being severely delayed on a regular basis. This compromise to clinical care and patient safety is simply unacceptable.  Our empirical market research has found that the majority of junior doctors, the principal users of discharge forms, were unhappy with the current systems in place. It has also been reported that on average junior doctors spend more time carrying out admin duties than in formal training and teaching sessions. There are electronic discharge systems present however, these have been described as insufficient as they lack comprehensive coding and in some circumstances...

Words: 1303 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Pd Coursework

...Westminster International University in Tashkent, Academic year 2013-14, Semester 1 Module name Personal Development CW weighting 40% Submission deadline TW12-13 Sem.One CW format (individual/group) Individual CW number and title CW 2 Oral presentation CW checks the learning outcomes 1- prepare documents about themselves, reflecting the personal development of a student (such as a portfolio, an action plan); 2- set goals for further improvement based on individual reflective learning; 4- communicate in writing and orally; 6- deliver a presentation Oral Presentation You will need to prepare an individual oral presentation. The Oral Presentation task will test your ability to communicate information in oral form supporting it with visual aids such as Power Point slides, posters, etc. The presentations will take place in TW 12-13 of semester one. Each presentation will last 5-6 minutes. It will consist of an introduction, the main body and a conclusion and will be followed by questions from the audience. You will be assessed on 1. quality of the content, 2. ability to structure the material, 3. interaction with the audience using body language and eye contact and dealing with questions appropriately 4. quality of visual aids. Prepare a presentation which is based on the topic “My personal learning from research on Mass Media in Uzbekistan” You need to follow the steps below: 1 Westminster International University in Tashkent, Academic year 2013-14, Semester...

Words: 1402 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Mission Command

...results to be attained, not how they are to achieve them. CDRs use orders to provide direction and guidance that focus the forces activities on the achievement of the main objective, set priorities, allocate resources, and influence the situation. 6. Accept prudent risk – a deliberate exposure to potential injury or loss when the commander judges the outcome in terms of mission accomplishment as worth the cost. PRESENTATION OUTLINE / SLIDES A. Intro, purpose, references, procedure/outline 1. Greeting (poised and confident) 2. Purpose (BLUF) – relevant, focused, clear, concise, stating thesis 3. References (current and meaningful) 4. Procedure and outline, logical, posted or embedded throughout the brief B. Quick summary of events leading to battle. C. Analysis of mission command from one side of the battle – four of the 6 principles of mission command D. Quick description of the battles outcome on how the mission affected that outcome. E. Significance of this analysis. 1. Para B-E body of Mission Analysis paper 2....

Words: 421 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Vbd Management

.... Introduction – You need to outline to your CEO the aim of report, the issue in focus (a quick summary from your brief), what management functions /theories are going to be covered, and how the issue is going to be addressed. 2. Defining and framing the Issue –You need to identify the underlying reasons why the issue has arisen in the first place (the ‘why’? question). As part of this, you will need to frame the issue in relation to the current practices with management functions (including supporting theory/theories) that may have contributed to the issue. You should include some consideration of any relevant environmental factors (internal/external) that may have influenced the issue. 3. Addressing the Issue – You need to show how you will address the underlying reasons that have contributed to the issue by outlining changes to the existing practices with the identified management functions (the ‘how’? question). Your arguments need to be supported with reference to theory/theories that endorse the new approach. 4. Conclusion – You need to provide a summary and evaluation of the key findings of the report. You may choose to identify some limitations and/or assumptions associated with the findings that reader of the report should be aware of. 5. Recommendations – You need to provide no less than two and no more than three recommendations on the courses of action that the business ‘should’ undertake. These recommendations should clearly and succinctly outline a suggested...

Words: 338 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Owl for Paper Formatting

...4/11/2016 Purdue OWL Welcome to the Purdue OWL This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom. Contributors:Elyssa Tardiff, Allen Brizee. Summary: This resource describes why outlines are useful, what types of outlines exist, suggestions for developing effective outlines, and how outlines can be used as an invention strategy for writing. Four Main Components for Effective Outlines Ideally, you should follow the four suggestions presented here to create an effective outline. When creating a topic outline, follow these two rules for capitalization: For first­level heads, present the information using all upper­case letters; and for secondary and tertiary items, use upper and lower­case letters. The examples are taken from the Sample Outline handout. Parallelism—How do I accomplish this? Each heading and subheading should preserve parallel structure. If the first heading is a verb, the second heading should be a verb. Example: I. CHOOSE DESIRED COLLEGES II. PREPARE APPLICATION ("Choose" and "Prepare" are both verbs. The present tense of the verb is usually the preferred form for an outline.) Coordination—How do I accomplish this? All the information contained in Heading 1 should have the same significance as the information contained in Heading 2. The same goes for the subheadings (which should be less significant than the headings)...

Words: 1193 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Koofers Notes: A Case Study

...The audio summary is a new product for the market. These is no direct competitor because we are the only audio summary in the market currently. However, the competitions are still existed since there are substitutes for our product. The substitutes include document summary and video review for textbooks. It is obvious that there are many different documental summary for textbooks in the market right now. For example, Koofers Notes is a website that allowed students to upload these course materials for others students, but the materials are delayed and unorganized. It has hundreds relative files for one course, and many of them are insignificant. It will take a great amount of time for students to find the information they want. In addition,...

Words: 329 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Business Plan

...Consulting Case Memo -- Outline Executive Summary While this section appears first, it should actually be the last thing you write. * The executive summary should be no more than one page. * Executive summaries are not “introductions.” They do not provide background. * Everything discussed in the executive summary should be explained in greater detail in the body of the memo. * If the only thing someone reads is your executive summary, your reader should have a good understanding of the problem, your proposal, the most important cost(s), and the most important benefit(s). Problem Statement Identify the problem in business terms. State clearly why the owner, president, or CEO should care about addressing the problem you’ve identified. Proposed Solution Identify the one most important action the company or organization needs to take to address the problem. Be as specific as possible in describing your solution. Costs of the Proposal Be as inclusive as possible when thinking about costs. Consider things like opportunity costs and the impact of the proposed change on the organization’s culture in addition to the more obvious financial costs. Identify every possible objection to your proposal. Why hasn’t the company already taken this step? The quickest way to have your recommendation rejected is to hear an objection to which you must reply, “I hadn’t thought of that.” Benefits of the Proposal How will your specific proposal address the problem you’ve...

Words: 293 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Acct601 Accounting Capstone - Term Paper Templates

...Author name [Pick the date] Include who you prepared the paper for, who prepared the paper, and date submitted. [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary. 1 2. Introduction. 1 III. Review of Literature. 1 1. Analysis. 1 2. Recommendations. 1 3. Summary and Conclusions. 1 VII. Appendix x. 1 VIII. References. 1 List the main ideas and section of your paper and the pages in which they are located. The illustrations should be included separately. Make sure that you have page numbers in your paper and list the page number(s) in the table of contents for the page where the appropriate section starts. Helpful Notes: Prepare an outline of your paper before you go forward. The outline is due at the end of Week 5 – which is also the first draft of your paper. Complete a first draft and then go back to edit, evaluate, and make any changes required. You can use example like graphs, diagrams, photographs, flowcharts, maps, drawings, etc. to help clarify and support the written part of your report. I. Executive Summary Use a header titled with the name of your project. Explain what you found, how you researched your topic, and what you...

Words: 702 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Happy

...3/17/14 Document- Letter of transmittal (one page = D) D- Table of contents D- Executive Summary Introduction (background & scope)+ Findings + Conclucluions (and/ or recommendations) + (+ IFC =D or more) D- References Letter of transmittal -Authorization (Dr Zlack) -Preview of report & conclusion -Goodwill closing Table of Contents __________ …… 2 ___________...... 3 Align the contents with the numbers correctly. That’s the hardest part. Executive Summary -An “abstract” of report (search academic abstract) Introduction -purpose (problem) *-scope & limitations -Preview of the report organization Scope= What we did do (in the research) Limitations= what we did not do (….) Rules for Graphs * Must be introduced in the text ( in the paragraphs) ----- as you can see from figure 5 see graph 3 * - must be title * must have a legend Speech- Delivery Eye Contact 1. Attention 2. Connection (rapport) 3. Credibility * 4. Confidence Don’t mention do not! Always say Didn’t shouldn’t wouldn’t etc. (catch someone lying) 1 look at everyone 2 Refrain from looking at things 3 Do not read Oral Communication Do’s 1 do have sufficient volume 2 Have a conversational pace 3 Do have vocal variety ( do not memorize) Don’ts 1 Don’t apologize 2 Don’t curse Nonverbal -Posture - Gesture -Attire * Professional or plain * No logos (accessories (limited) ) * No Hats ...

Words: 263 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

D Department of Choice Chocolate

...Good and poor examples of executive summaries This is a GOOD example from an Accounting & Finance assignment. Footnote Executive Summary This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and prospective profitability, liquidity and financial stability of Outdoor Equipment Ltd. Methods of analysis include trend, horizontal and vertical analyses as well as ratios such as Debt, Current and Quick ratios. Other calculations include rates of return on Shareholders Equity and Total Assets and earnings per share to name a few. All calculations can be found in the appendices. Results of data analysed show that all ratios are below industry averages. In particular, comparative performance is poor in the areas of profit margins, liquidity, credit control, and inventory management. The report finds the prospects of the company in its current position are not positive. The major areas of weakness require further investigation and remedial action by management.Recommendations discussed include:  improving the average collection period for accounts receivable·   improving/increasing inventory turnover·   reducing prepayments and perhaps increasing inventory levels The report also investigates the fact that the analysis conducted has limitations. Some of the limitations include: forecasting figures are not provided nature and type of company is not known nor the current economic conditions data limitations as not enough information is provided or enough detail...

Words: 824 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Paper for Success

...Executive Summary: Organizational Focus & Goals Derron Venerable University of Phoenix HRM/326 MARIBEL HINES September 15, 2014 Introduction The purpose of an Executive Summary is articulate a full report with the least amount of words possible depending on the size and nature of the issue. In most cases executive summaries serve as a report for executives who do not have the time to read the full report; therefore, the summary will give the executive the information that he or she needs to understand the objective, the issue(s), and the plan(s) in place to solve the issue(s). The following summary is focusing on an on-going overtime issue that one of the company’s branches is having. Focus and Goals The current focus at this particular location is to complete the daily task in the fastest most efficient safest way possible. The goals are to minimize or combine the current routes, run the routes from the closet point to the furthest and create a benchmark for each driver to attempt to meet in a safe but efficient manner. The research states that if the routes are done in a sequence form from the closet point to...

Words: 706 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Nadel Et Al V Burger King Corp

...prevail on a motion for summary judgment? (3 points) Emil moved for summary judgment, claiming that no genuine issue of material fact existed. BK also moved for summary judgment and pointed to evidence in the depositions that appellants knew the coffee was hot and that coffee was purchased and served as a hot beverage. It also contended under the circumstances that Evelyn's and Paul's actions were intervening, superseding causes precluding any actionable negligence on its part. 3. Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) Christopher Nadel received second degree burns from coffee spilling on his right foot purchased at Burger King by his grandmother Evelyn Nadel. The Nadel’s brought suit against Burger King and franchise owner Emil, Inc, for product liability for a defectively designed product and for failure to warn of the dangers of handling a liquid served as hot as their coffee. The court granted both the Burger King owner and Burger King Corporation request for motion of summary of judgments. The Nadel’s appealed. The court affirmed in part and reversed in part. The summary judgment was wrongly granted on the products liability and related punitive damage claims. Issues of fact remained as to whether the coffee was defective due to the heat at which it was served and whether an adequate warning existed. Because the alleged failure to warn involved a product, not premises, summary judgment was properly granted...

Words: 1465 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Mgmnt 520 Week 3 Devry University

...1. What court decided the case in the assignment? (2 points) Court of Appeals of Ohio, First District, Hamilton County. 119 Ohio App.3d 578 (1997) 2. According to the case, what must a party establish to prevail on a motion for summary judgment? (3 points) In order for a party to establish or prevail for a motion for summary judgment. They need to have sworn, certified, authenticated by affidavit. 3. Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) 1. Paul Nadel and Evelyn Nadel ordered coffee and breakfast on the morning of December 1993 2. Paul Nadel turned left spilling hot coffee on his sons foot that caused 2nd degree burns. 3. Burger King manual read that the coffee was to be served at One hundred seventy-five degrees. 4. Medical records were true copies of what was received through discovery. 5. No warning label on the coffee container. 4. According to the case, why was this not a case of negligent infliction of emotional distress, and what tort did the court approve? (5 points) “a reasonable person, normally constituted, would be unable to cope adequately with the mental distress engendered by the circumstances of the case. Therefore, the trial court properly granted summary judgment with respect to this claim”. They...

Words: 753 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Nadel V. Burger King

...1. What court decided the case in the assignment? (2 points). Trial court made the decision 2. According to the case, what must a party establish to prevail on a motion for summary judgment? (3 points) a. In the case of Nadel et at v. Burger King Corp. & Emil Inc., “the trial court granted the motions of both defendants for summary judgment”. 3. Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) b. The facts of this case are that Christopher Nadel suffered from second degree burns to his right foot after being burned by hot coffee ordered from a Burkger King drive-thru. Christopher was seated in middle front seat between his father, Paul and Grandmother, Evelyn. Evelyn received a burn to her right leg when tasting her coffee and it was too hot. Christopher’s second degree burns resulted when Evelyn was placing her coffee down and Paul pulled into the street. On behalf of Christopher, the Nadels sued the owner of Burger King for product liability and failure to display hot warning labels. The owner of Burger King and Burger King Corp. moved for summary judgment which the trial court granted. Burger King stated they were immune to product liability because they aren’t the manufacturer, seller, or supplier of the faulty cups. 4. According to the case, why was this not a case of negligent infliction of emotional distress, and what tort did the court approve? (5 points) c. This is not a negligent infliction...

Words: 332 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Nadel V. Burger King

...1. What court decided the case in the assignment? (2 points). Trial court made the decision 2. According to the case, what must a party establish to prevail on a motion for summary judgment? (3 points) a. In the case of Nadel et at v. Burger King Corp. & Emil Inc., “the trial court granted the motions of both defendants for summary judgment”. 3. Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) b. The facts of this case are that Christopher Nadel suffered from second degree burns to his right foot after being burned by hot coffee ordered from a Burkger King drive-thru. Christopher was seated in middle front seat between his father, Paul and Grandmother, Evelyn. Evelyn received a burn to her right leg when tasting her coffee and it was too hot. Christopher’s second degree burns resulted when Evelyn was placing her coffee down and Paul pulled into the street. On behalf of Christopher, the Nadels sued the owner of Burger King for product liability and failure to display hot warning labels. The owner of Burger King and Burger King Corp. moved for summary judgment which the trial court granted. Burger King stated they were immune to product liability because they aren’t the manufacturer, seller, or supplier of the faulty cups. 4. According to the case, why was this not a case of negligent infliction of emotional distress, and what tort did the court approve? (5 points) c. This is not a negligent infliction...

Words: 332 - Pages: 2