...Review – Survey Sampling Matthew King Liberty University BUSI 600-B13 LUO Dr. Shawna Wentlandt September 27, 2014 Abstract Conducting a survey is an incredibly fruitful method in gathering informational data related to a particular field or idea. When conducting that survey, one of the first questions to answer is who will partake in the survey. The methodology employed to determine how many, and the parameters of who will be surveyed is known as sampling. This literature review will summarize and synthesize many articles on the topic of sampling. Introduction Literature Review Purpose This literature review will summarize and synthesize over twenty-four articles related to the science and art of survey sampling. Sampling for a survey is paramount to the research as it ensures accuracy of polling a population. An understanding of sampling will not be necessary to the comprehension of this review. It serves to introduce the reader to survey sampling in general, while acting as a quick handbook to sampling. Those with a beginning interest should be able to use this review as a first step into sampling science. Each section should provide a further understanding of sampling from the various articles reviewed. Literature Review Outline The literature review will begin with an introduction section to survey sampling. The history of survey sampling will be shown by the articles reviewed. Following an introduction to sampling, methodologies used in sampling will be...
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...paper defines Penton Media’s sampling plan and research design for their study on if their reader service cards are still successful in getting buyer’s attentions. There are five questions that develop the sampling plan and Penton Media’s answers to these questions are described in this paper along with the strengths and weaknesses of their decisions. Their research design is also explained in the eight categories given. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of their research design are given. Case Assignment 2 Penton Media has designed a research study to determine if the reader service cards are still a sustainable form of bringing in customers. Penton Media came up with a sampling plan in order answer this research plan. Their sampling plan answered five questions and has both strengths and weaknesses. They also formulated a research design, which includes eight categories of options to answer their research question. Their research design also includes strengths and weaknesses, and these will be further examined in this paper. Sampling Plan According to Cooper and Schindler (2014), the sampling plan includes five questions. These questions include (p. 344): * What is the target population? * What are the parameters of interest? * What is the sampling frame? * What is the appropriate sampling method? * What size sample is needed? Once you have answered all these questions, you can determine the appropriate sampling design for your study. Penton...
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...Business Research Methods, Part I Nikkei Crowder, Jessica Thompson, Delores Winton QNT/561 Anthony Matias August 13, 2012 Business Research Methods, Part I There are elements needed when conducting research, such as developing a theory and hypothesis, determining an appropriate research design, collecting data, providing analysis of the data, and revising the theory upon results. This paper will develop a research design behind the auto industry bailout and identify a sample design used for collecting data. Organizational Dilemma What was the ultimate cause of the downfall of the auto industry resulting in a bailout? This research question arising from the dilemma in the auto industry is one that many American’s found him or herself asking after the government decided to bail them out of their financial crisis. In 2008, the auto industry found itself in a downward financial spiral. Gas prices reached over $4 a gallon and the credit debacle is only a couple of reasons for the dilemma the auto industry faced. The country was facing a recession and they blame up-and-coming technologies of distracting technologies to validate and continue the old routine and procedure to fill their pockets with money and bonuses to retain the status quo in the industry without any regard to others affected, even if this method compromises their long-term strategy. Roche (2009), “This qualifies as failed management syndrome because they consider themselves royalty and...
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...Business Research Methods , 11e, Cooper/Schindler 2 from the U.S. Penton database. The survey sample was constructed using strati-fied disproportionate random sampling with subscribers considered as belongingto one of 42 cells (seven industry groups by six job titles). A total of 710 com-pleted questionnaires were received, with 676 of the respondents indicating thatthey were purchase decision makers for their organization. Penton analyzed onlythe answers of these 676 buyers. Data were analyzed by weighting responses ineach cell by their percentage makeup in the overall population. The overall marginof error for the survey was ± 4 percent at the 95 percent level of confidence. In-depth follow-up telephone interviews were conducted with 40 respondents, togain a deeper understanding of their behavior and attitudes. Almost every respondent (97.7 percent) had contacted at least one advertiser during the past year. Newer methods of making inquiries—Web visits,fax-on-demand, or e-mail—were used by half (49.1 percent) of the buyerssurveyed. But a look ahead shows the true impact of information technology. Within the next five years, 73.7 percent expect to respond to more ads by sendinge-mail to the company. In addition, 72.2 percent anticipate visiting an advertiser’swebsite, and 60 percent expect to increase their use of fax-on-demand. Three outof five purchasing decision makers have access to the Internet, and 74.3 percentof those without Internet service expect to have it within...
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...Report of the household expenditure survey 2000, Statistical Division, Ministry of Planning, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka. BBS (2002); Statistical Year book of Bangladesh, 2001, Dhaka. Bunce, L. and R. Pomeroy. 2003. Socioeconomic Monitoring Guidelines for Coastal Managers in the Caribbean: SocMon Caribbean. GCRMN. Bunce, L., P. Townsley, R. Pomeroy, and R. Caribbean. GCRMN. Bunce, L., P. Townsley, R. Pomeroy, and R. Pollnac. 2000. Chandra KJ. Fish parasitological studies in Bangladesh: A Review. J Agric Rural Dev. 2006; 4: 9-18. Cochran, W.G. (1977); Sampling Techniques, 3rded. New Delhi: Wiley Eastern. Davis, James A. (1971). Elementary survey analysis. Des Raj (1971); Sampling Theory. Fox, J. 1984: Linear Statistical Models and Ravallion, M. and B. Sen 1996: When Method Matters: Monitoring Poverty in Bangladesh, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 44: 761-792 Gujarati, Damodar.N; Basic Econometrics. 4TH edition; Mcgraw-Hill. Gupta, S.C., Kapoor; Fundamental of Mathematical Statistics. New Delhi. Heyman, W. and R. Graham (eds.). 2000. The voice of the fishermen of Southern Belize, Toledo Institute for Development and Environment. Punta Gorda. Hogg, R. V. and A. T. Craig (2002): Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 5th edition, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte Ltd. Islam, M. Nurul; An Introduction to Sampling Methods: Theory and Applications. Jessen, R.J. (1978): Statistical Survey Technique. Mason, D., Robert and...
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...Qualitative Research?” 2015). Quantitative research “is about asking people for their opinions in a structured way so that you can produce hard facts and statistics to guide you. To get reliable statistical results, it’s important to survey people in fairly large numbers and to make sure they are a representative sample of your target market.” ("What Is Quantitative Research?” 2015). There also are descriptive and statistical approach’s in this paper that will help with understand what is best for you business research. When constructing a business research there are several sampling methods that can be used. Some sampling methods would be simple random sampling, systematic sampling, cluster sampling and quota sampling and etc. The article I chose to do is called Qualitative and quantitative methods for sampling zooplankton in shallow coastal estuaries. “Many different devices are used for sampling zooplankton. Every sampler has its advantages and limitations in terms of sampling ease and efficiency, which is why hydro biologists search for devices that could increase sampling efficiency and decrease human effort (Nunez et al. 2008).” In this article they used the plankton net sampling method and it is used to sample the lake or pond.” These sampling methods all have their strengths and weakness and to choose...
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...Chapter 3 METHODS OF RESEARCH This chapter discusses the method and procedures employed by the researchers to gather the needed data. It includes the Research Design, Respondents, Sampling Techniques; Instruments used its construction, validation, administration and retrieval, and the statistical treatment of data. RESEARCH DESIGN The researchers employed the descriptive method approach which, according to Thomas (2014), refers to the method used to describe data and characteristics used to describe the population. Its purpose is to acquire accurate, factual, systematic data that can provide an actual picture of the data set that are being reviewed. RESPONDENTS The researchers used ____ College Students from Education, Business Administration and Criminology Department who are currently enrolled in Metro Manila College, Novaliches Quezon City during the Academic year 2016 – 2017. SAMPLING TECHNIQUES The researchers utilized the cluster sampling technique in this study. According to Kelly (2013), Cluster sampling technique is a method of survey sampling which selects clusters such as groups defined by area of residence, organizational membership or other group-defining characteristics. It is often used where a complete list of subjects is impossible or impractical to construct. Cluster sampling is a two- (or more) stage process whereby clusters of individual units are first defined and selected and then samples of individual units are taken from each of the defined clusters...
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...Summary Audit sampling is necessary and helps improve an audit engagement because examining all items are rather very timely, requires more effort, and of course, at higher cost. Audit risks such as inherent, control and detection risk are first assessed when doing audit sampling. Low control risk means auditors rely extensively on the entity's internal control, and vice versa. The process for determining risks and gathering evidences to provide reasonable assurance are done through other audit procedures such as tests of controls and tests of details. These procedures are done by sampling. Using sampling, when auditors do not obtain sufficient and appropriate evidences, there is a risk of not identifying material errors and therefore result in a wrong conclusion. The use of either non-statistical sampling techniques or statistical ones does not directly affect application of audit procedures, appropriateness of audit evidences or courses of actions that could be taken. Even though the procedures in non-statistical sampling is less formal, they are still rigorous. Non-statistical sampling method involves eight steps namely establish objective test, defining the population, determining distortions, determining the appropriate sample size, determination of the right method for the sample selection, proper testing of the selected sample, extrapolating results, risk assessment. Firms include in their policies the techniques which they use to implement auditing procedures....
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...Term Paper Guideline STAT 500 Length: Less than 1500 words Format: Cleanly typed Students are required to write an article describing a statistical method that will solve a business or management problem; or an creative approach that mainly rely on statistical methods that would advance the current practice. The statistical method involved may or may not relate to statistical concepts or methods covered in the course. Students are encouraged to conduct their own literature research. Information collected from books, magazines or newspapers are acceptable, including any of those found in UNVA’s eLibrary. Students could invent their own practical and feasible solutions to some real issues they experience in their work, though not required. The article should describe well the background of the problem and each of the steps in solving the problem. The length of the article should be within 1500 words; visual aids, such as tables, charts, graphs should be included where necessary. Some business statistics applications example include • Select profitable stocks • Detect fraudulent claims • Score an applicant’s credit • Discover cross-selling opportunities for products • Quantify drug efficacy • Forecast new product sales • Discover new customers • Recognize objects in images • Verify identity through biometrics; and • Anticipate shifts in market sectors for hedge funds • Set individual...
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...statistical method that will solve a business or management problem.Term Paper Guideline STAT 500, Summer, 2011 Due Date: September 18, 2011 Length: Less than 1500 words Format: Cleanly typed Students are required to write an article describing a statistical method that will solve a business or management problem; or an creative approach that mainly rely on statistical methods that would advance the current practice. The statistical method involved may or may not relate to statistical concepts or methods covered in the course. Students are encouraged to conduct their own literature research. Information collected from books, magazines or newspapers are acceptable, including any of those found in UNVA’s eLibrary. Students could invent their own practical and feasible solutions to some real issues they experience in their work, though not required. The article should describe well the background of the problem and each of the steps in solving the problem. The length of the article should be within 1500 words; visual aids, such as tables, charts, graphs should be included where necessary. Some business statistics applications example include • Select profitable stocks • Detect fraudulent claims • Score an applicant’s credit • Discover cross-selling opportunities for products • Quantify drug efficacy • Forecast new product sales • Discover new customers • Recognize objects in images • Verify identity through biometrics; and • Anticipate shifts in market sectors...
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...tQUESTION 2 (JANUARY 2012) 2. B) Materiality is the magnitude of omission or misstatement of accounting information that in light of surrounding circumstances which could influence the economic decision users and matter that can affect professional judgment. Audit risk model provides the foundation for the current emphasis on the risk-based audit account balance or class of transaction. Audit risk model can be specified as, AUDIT RISK = INHERENT RISK x CONTROL RISK x DETECTION RISK Inherent risk is the measure of the auditor’s assessment of the possibility that there is material misstatement in an account balance before taking into account the effectiveness of internal control. Control risk is the risk that material misstatement will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by an entity’s internal control. Detection risk is the risk that the substantive audit procedures performed will not detect a material misstatement that exists in an account balance or class of transactions. 2. C) i) Inherent risk incurred from enviroment of business or likehood that a material misstatement exist in the financial statement without any consideration of internal control.it is due to economic downturn, the slow collection of debt from the government has increased the level of debt. ii) control risk is the that material misstatement that could occur will not be prevented or detected and corrected by in ternal controls. In this case,it occur when the company do not...
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...depression/anxiety, whether they take medication for their depression/anxiety, and which form of our product they would prefer to purchase (roll on, cream, liquid, pills). The sampling method that I chose was probability sampling. I chose this method because it means everyone gets the chance to be picked meaning that the results will represent the whole group of interest. Another example of the fairness in this method is someone reaching into a box full of names and picking one out. The selection process ensures that everyone has a chance of winning. The advantages are that it’s not bias and as aforementioned it represents the whole group of interest. The results can also be used to calculate any further statistical analysis. I rejected non random sampling as it’s an unfair selection process as you get to pick people which makes in an unequal selection process. The people that are picked out might not represent the rest of the group and unlike probability sampling you can’t use the results to calculate any further statistical analysis. Unlike probability sampling, this process takes a lot of time as you’d have to pick the people first which already takes up time before collecting the data you need off them. Another method that I rejected was quota sampling because it’s impossible to find a potential error in sampling as it’s not a random selection. A proportion of the...
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...Programme name | Management | Module title | Survey Research Management | Module code | MN3121 | Local Resource Centre (where relevant) | School of Management | Date Submitted | 13/12/2013 | Word count (to include everything except the references and appendices) | 2108 | Nonprobability sampling in management research ESS has made a survey created to measure attitudes cross-nationally in Europe, using probability sampling. Measuring an attitude across countries is a tough job, but to successfully apply the methods of probability sampling too, seems close to impossible. This essay will look at the sample-problems that this survey faces, and how a non-probability sample can be successfully integrated. Before starting to analyse the survey, I would like to briefly explain what a sample is, and the main differences between the two sampling techniques. First of all the objective of most surveys or research projects is to obtain information about the parameters of a population. To do this a sample is collected representing a subgroup of the population selected for participation in the project. The sample characteristics are used to “make inferences about the population parameters”. (Malhotra, 2010: 370) Meaning that you by selecting a small representation of the population can tell something about the whole population. Non-probability sampling can be defined briefly as “Sampling techniques that do not use chance selection procedures, but rather rely on personal...
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...now Sampling (statistics) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article is about statistically selecting a random (or a wishfully "representative") subset of a population. For computer simulation, see pseudo-random number sampling. In statistics and survey methodology, sampling is concerned with the selection of a subset of individuals from within a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population. Researchers rarely survey the entire population because the cost of a census is too high. The three main advantages of sampling are that the cost is lower, data collection is faster, and since the data set is smaller it is possible to ensure homogeneity and to improve the accuracy and quality of the data. Each observation measures one or more properties (such as weight, location, color) of observable bodies distinguished as independent objects or individuals. In survey sampling, weights can be applied to the data to adjust for the sample design, particularly stratified sampling (blocking). Results from probability theory and statistical theory are employed to guide practice. In business and medical research, sampling is widely used for gathering information about a population. Contents [hide] * 1 Process * 2 Population definition * 3 Sampling frame * 4 Probability and nonprobability sampling * 5 Sampling methods * 5.1 Simple random sampling * 5.2 Systematic sampling * 5.3 Stratified sampling ...
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...merits of alternative sampling frames. Suggest most appropriate one and justify your selection. Research population is the target population on which a study or research is conducted through various different methods inorder to reach a conclusion from the data generated. It is for the benefit of the population directly or indirectly. But, due to very large size of research population, it is not feasible to test all the individuals of the population since it will take too much time and will be expensive as well. So the researchers take few individuals from the research population ( a subset of the set of target population) using sampling techniques. These techniques helps to take out sample as per the requirements of the type of research that is to be conducted. A research population is also known as a well-defined collection of individuals or objects known to have similar characteristics. All individuals or objects within a certain population usually have a common, binding characteristic or trait. Usually, the description of the population and the common binding characteristic of its members are the same. "Government officials" is a well-defined group of individuals which can be considered as a population and all the members of this population are indeed officials of the government. There are various sources from which a sample is created. A set of all these sources is called a Sampling frame from which the sample is selected. With the help of sampling frames, researchers...
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