...mechanical problem, or a guaranteed ride home for a rideshare or transit commuter. Taxi Improvements can be an important support for efforts to reduce personal automobile ownership and use, and encourage use of alternative modes. 1.1 Need for service There is a pressing need for reliable public transportation in the JB city area. Bus service is not a viable option for many people due to the limited scope of operation of bus service in the certain area. The buses operation does not run very long during the day and they are very restricted as to routes and times during the weekend and off-peak times. As a result, public transportation is always needed for those whom the bus cannot serve. 1.2 Demographics The amount of taxi business in the JB city area is strong and growing. The population in the greater metropolitan area exceeds 500,000 people and the community is dynamic and getting more vibrant with each passing day. The entire area has a low unemployment rate, a diversified economy, and wonderful year round events which attract tourist and people to the region. 1.3 Economic Factors Not only is there a strong and growing industrial base in the region, the city has been quietly developing the downtown area for quite some time. New projects are being planned and built daily and the entire downtown property is expanding at a very fist rate. In the last ten years, there has...
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...Sustainable Cities Introduction: A sustainable city is the one, which takes care of its current citizens and also the future ones. Sustainability itself means creating an environment socially and infrastructurally viable and without harming what our future generation receives from us. As is rightly said, we have not inherited this earth from our forefathers we have borrowed it from our future generation. And thereby the future belongs to those who create an environment that is worth living today and tomorrow. To put that into perspective we have tried to put together some ideas and thoughts that could help current cities to move towards sustainability and some to create those. We have divided the city into various sections as under:- Energy: Hybrid energy system in the city:- * Energy-plus-houses (houses with solar panels to produce energy) produce more green energy than they need. Integrated community energy solutions linking houses, wind- and solar parks, biomass sites and electric vehicles are the foremost initiative towards an integrated urban energy system of the future. E.g.: Vauban, Freiburg has built houses which produce more energy than they actually consume. The aim is to making a city in which all the homes produce a positive energy balance and which is emissions-free and CO2 neutral. PlusEnergy is a coined concept developed by Rolf Disch. * Solar canals (where solar panels are placed over canal water bodies) produce energy while slowing...
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...What cities are doing to making an investment in sustainable initiatives and why? Climate change issue became very serious challenge for the whole worlds, including growing populations, greater demands for services, strained infrastructure systems, and tighter budgets and resources. Along with big and small companies from different industries, local leader started to take actions to address these issues with innovative investments in sustainable infrastructure projects. Starting from cities in Asia, like Hong Kong finishing with San Francisco, USA, government leaders working on creating “eco-city” Sustainable city is a city designed with consideration of environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, different kind of pollutions and waste. Cities are the future; it estimated that over 50% of the world population now lives in urban areas and by 2050 7 out of 10 people will be living in urban areas. Under pressure of public and community interest, commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emission, and emergency preparedness and resiliency, different government began developing idea of “eco- city”. Therefore urban sustainability has several advantages such us: * Energy cost savings and other financial benefits * Reducing of pollution and climate impacts * Local job creation * Greater efficiency * Better health and better quality of life Way of becoming a sustainable city is very challenging but also it gives...
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...Is Singapore a sustainable World City? SUSTAINABLE CITY - is a city designed with consideration of environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, water and food, and waste output of heat, air pollution - CO2, methane, and water pollution. It should meet the needs of the present without sacrificing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) is Singapore’s land use planning and conservation authority with the mission to make Singapore a great city to live, work and play, striving to create a vibrant and sustainable city of distinction by planning and facilitating Singapore’s physical development in partnership with the community. - Singapore’s remarkable transformation from an overcrowded country suffering from a lack of housing, land limitations and poor infrastructure to an environmentally sustainable international business hub is a result of proactive and farsighted planning by URA. - During the 1960s and 1970s, extensive urban renewal projects were undertaken to address the problems of a new nation—overcrowding, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of proper housing. The critical tasks for the government then were to clear out the slums, provide public housing, and encourage economic growth by creating space for industries, and then to create a vision for our city’s urban landscape that would help Singapore in the long-term - The challenge is to keep pace with the changing...
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...iv) Sustainable Development (Urban Growth, Environmental awareness, Land Use Patterns & Integrated Transport Systems) This is a key issue that needs to be identified in each city where all the sustainable indicators are usually different from city to city. Identifying these indicators is difficult and is important in the progress to integrate sustainable development. Sustainable indicators should be the drive to action plans that can be implemented by all stakeholders if the required polices are in place. I order to make this happen, all stakeholders involved in planning, politics and infrastructure development should contribute to a system where information can be submitted on studies made and be combined to assist in making informed decisions...
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..."Greening urban areas is not just about making places look nice. Evaluate the contribution of green areas in cities to meeting the goals of sustainable development" (40 marks) Sustainable development is most frequency defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Thus, sustainable development means finding a balance between the fulfillment of human needs with the protection of the natural environment. Sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three constituent parts environmental protection, economic sustainability, and social wellbeing. In this essay I will evaluate how cities have used urban greening to make steps towards sustainable development. To do this I will focus on Singapore and Hamburg. Firstly, green urban areas act as vital regulating ecosystem services meaning they help to control the climate. Metropolitan areas like Singapore are often affected by the urban heat island effect whereby the inner city can be up to 5°C warmer than surrounding rural areas due to human activities (e.g. the use of cars). Areas of urban greening, for example Fort Canning Park, Singapore’s 18 hectare conservation park, have the ability to undertake the vital role of offsetting the urban heat island effect (UHI). Due to the parks location it acts as a green lung for Singapore’s CBD. With an estimated 1,700 trees the park absorbs heat and has an evaporative cooling effect. As well...
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... It is estimated that over 50% of the world’s population now lives in urban areas and that this will rise to 70% by 2050. Such a change will influence urban sustainability even more. One major area in sustainability for urban areas is the environment. Waste management is a very important aspect for urban areas as not only is the amount of waste increase as the population of urban areas increases. Within the UK the average person produces 517kg of household waste every year but luckily waste disposal in the UK is fairly efficient. However many other countries are more efficient in waste management and recycling such as Germany 48% and Switzerland 52%. Resources need to be managed rather than disposed of as landfills are the least sustainable option and cost money to manage. The best way on managing waste in urban areas is to try and reduce, reuse and recycling. Businesses are being encouraged to reduce the amount of packaging used, while customers are being encouraged not to accept plastic bags. Sometimes re-use of milk containers and soft drink bottles and jam jars happen and occasionally shops will charge cash deposits on glass bottles and ink cartages. While items such as paper, glass, metal cans, plastic and clothes can all be recycled. A good example of an...
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...“Do you think that the lifestyle of the inhabitants of your town or city reflects behavior that is in line with the concept of sustainable development? In your opinion, what should be improved?” Emiliano Luzzi, iMBA applicant – April 2013 intake What is sustainable development? Sustainable Development means learning to achieve more with less in order to develop a city or state in a way that is: Efficient: an efficient city or State would use fewer resources and create less waste Clean: an efficient city or State would develop without polluting Green: a green city or State could enhance greenery, waterways and natural heritage This way, we can ensure both economic growth and a good living environment for ourselves and for generations to come 2 And... What is sustainable development in Rome? The word “sustainable” is often over used and it is not without irony that it can be applied to Rome, Italy. Considering modern Rome in line with sustainable development would be paradoxical. Even if Rome does not want to emulate Tokyo or Vancouver, it has centuries of accumulated experiences, materials, traces, and memories to share, so it would be a mistake to start from scratch and replace Rome with a sanitized “green city”. However, to make Rome more “sustainable” Romans should start thinking in “sustainable” ways 3 There’s a lot of work to do in Rome... If “sustainability” means providing the needs of the present without compromising the patrimony...
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...sustainability has been used since in 1980s. Its application has been mainly on the human sustainability on earth, which has resulted in the term sustainability that forms part of the sustainable development concept. The term sustainable development means a kind of development that satisfies the requirement of the present generation without compromising the capability of the future generation to be able to meet their needs. There are three main sustainable development goals. These goals are also known as the pillars of sustainability. They include environmental protection, social development and economic development. These three pillars of sustainability have served on common grounds for several sustainability standards as well as certification systems in the past and even today. These three pillars can be illustrated in details as follows: 1. Environmental protection: this is the capability of an environment to provide a given environmental quality and also natural resource extraction rate indefinitely. 2. Social development: this is the capability of a social system like a country or an organization to function at a particular level of social well-being and in harmony. 3. Economic development: this is the indefinite capability of an economy to provide a specific level of economic production. Sustainable development involves the balancing of the global and local efforts in order to meet the necessary human needs without depleting or degrading the natural environment (Skype...
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...So far I have found five credible resources that talk about sustainability in cities. General speaking I will talk about how the planet Earth is deteriorating drastically. Global Warming plays a huge part on not keeping the planet “Green” Greenhouse gasses; emissions of carbon dioxide often released with gas emission vehicles/engines don’t escape into space causing it to increase temperatures’. I will narrow down the research question to cities in specific, such as big metropolitan cities in the United States. I want to do a primary work on how cities in the U.S. could set knowledge of guiding principles, and good ethics on being ecofriendly. If we look back one to two hundred years back in history, the world was less populated and obviously there were no cars running up and down like there like today in the modern world. Huge cities like New York, Los Angeles, Miami, and Houston have a greater power to change the environment....
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...Architecture and the Environment Christina Parker PSY 460 June 04, 2012 Brenda Gallagher Architecture and the Environment The environment and its inhabitants do not exist separately. They both help to mold one another. There are different environments that require a different behavior. To understand the interactions of the physical world and the behavior, individuals must consider the kinship of physical inhabitants and the environment itself (Todd & Wilson, 1993). The information in this paper will provide an understanding of the following: how the environment affects human behavior, architecture as a means of controlling behavior, the environmental psychological implications of the grand design, and the importance of architecture supporting development. Structures and Human Behavior The increasing research and interest in environmental conditions and how it relates to behavior is finally receiving acknowledgement. Structural design influences an individual’s health and well-being. A person’s mood and productivity stems from the kind of architecture one is sees. In a business sense, the goal is to create buildings that fit the need of the individual and serve the purpose of the business. Space limitations may influence an individual to work more intensely for the right to privacy. The use of windows and indoor green spaces provide a relaxing stress free zone from work (Irvine, Devine-Wright, Payne, Fuller, Painter, and Gaston, 2009). Inside...
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...not have thought of? What sorts of things are important in cities that are omitted in the situation? At the start of the game, I am allowed to choose the type of terrain for my city by adjusting the number of water bodies and how hilly or flat the land is. This would suit the type of city that I would want to construct, as hilly terrains would not allow the construction of certain types of infrastructure. In real life, this cannot be done as the location is fixed and cannot be altered easily. Humans have to adapt to their environment around them and not the other way round. Also, the city that I construct is in isolation and is not minutely affected by neighbouring cities or global economies. Resources and people transfer from city to city and an individual city will be affected and plays a role in the larger regional sphere. This is not simulated in the game, which takes away a vital component of running a city in real life. Also, there is a pause button, which allows you to halt the progress of the game so as to allow you to solve various problems and continue once they have been fixed. The real world does not stop for a single moment, and problems and conflicts may arise at any time. Nevertheless, the game also included many things that try to simulate real life, such as natural disasters to create chaos or problems within the city. Thus, the game allows one to have a broader perspective of how running a city feels like, such as managing finances, accommodating the interests...
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...Does Sustainable Development support or threaten Human Welfare? Sustainable development: Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Example of sustainable development include the renewable resources. Human welfare: the general well being of a person, referring to their Quality of Life, using determinants such as: access to services, housing, healthcare, political freedom, diet, HDI, etc.. Types of sustainable development Environmental: This is the long term improvement and protection of the environment without compromising the needs of the people. For example, Recycling is advocated by proponents of sustainable development on the basis of its environmental benefits such as: saving space in landfills; reducing energy and raw materials used in manufacturing; reducing pollution; reducing mining activity and the associated destruction of forests; and slowing down global warming Economic: The growth of an economy (measured in GDP) whilst also sustaining or improving the quality of life. China air pollution, decreasing life expectancy and therefore quality of life. The opportunities Creating new markets and developing new products Increasing competitiveness Building consumer trust The challenges Meeting increasing demand while consuming fewer resources Using innovation to create higher quality processes/products with less environmental impact Meeting the aspirations...
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...environmental implications of all the strategies of controlling the transport. DISCUSS: reasons for and against come to a conclusion at the end. Sustainability means that any development made meets the needs of the contemporary inhabitants without compromising the needs of future generations. A sustainable city means that the city meets the needs of current and future inhabitants; this is relevant as the focus relates to urban areas. In relation to the management of transport there are many examples of how it can be controlled in order to provide a more sustainable approach to an urban area. The most common strategy of managing transport is by introducing government regulated schemes such as congestion charges and transport schemes e.g. ‘Boris bikes’ which are both in used in London, with bike schemes becoming more popular as a result of the introduction in London in 2010 has inspired the implication of similar schemes in other areas, with a grand total of 600 cities in 49 different countries using them. The scheme allows people to hire a bike to cycle around the city to get where they need to with different station points of which you can access the bikes from spread across the city. The advantages of the scheme are that it has increased the physical activity and health of the capital reducing...
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...Urbanization http://eau.sagepub.com/ The eco-city: ten key transport and planning dimensions for sustainable city development Jeffrey R Kenworthy Environment and Urbanization 2006 18: 67 DOI: 10.1177/0956247806063947 The online version of this article can be found at: http://eau.sagepub.com/content/18/1/67 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: International Institute for Environment and Development Additional services and information for Environment and Urbanization can be found at: Email Alerts: http://eau.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://eau.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - Apr 4, 2006 What is This? Downloaded from eau.sagepub.com by guest on August 13, 2012 The eco-city: ten key transport and planning dimensions for sustainable city development JEFFREY R KENWORTHY Jeffrey Kenworthy is Professor in Sustainable Cities at the Institute for Sustainability and Technology Policy at Murdoch University in Perth. He is best known for his international comparison of cities around the theme of automobile dependence. He has published extensively in the transport and planning fields for 26 years and is co-author with Peter Newman of Sustainability and Cities: Overcoming Automobile Dependence (1999) and The Millennium Cities Database for Sustainable Transport (2001) with Felix Laube. Address: Institute...
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