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...Human Behavior and the Environment Terry Miller PSY 460 June 9, 2014 Human Behavior and the Environment The environment is a recipient of the behavior of humans. This behavior can be positive, as in the case of green fuel alternatives or negative, as in the case of noise pollution. However, human behavior is not always simple when determining the source. Many points of input are present, one of them being environmental cues. “Cues are elements in the environment that convey important information or trigger an affective reaction” (Steg, 2013, p. 120). How a human responds and impacts the environment is determined by the cues and the message they convey. Environmental Cues and Behavior “Sentences, words, and visual images are environmental cues that can affect the behavior of individuals (Charles-Sire, Guéguen, Pascual, & Meineri, 2012, p. 457). The presence of environmental cues is constant and therefore shapes human behavior in positive, as well as negative ways. Social norms and laws or rules are reinforced or weakened as a result of environmental cues. For example, a fabric rail queue line at the bank is meant to control the line and spread the customers for quicker service. Some individuals adhere to this cue regardless of the abundance or lack of customers while others adhere only if no way around it is found. Cues can be as basic as signs warning to not litter or as involved as public service announcements and social media campaigns. Behavior Modification ...
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...Culture & religion for a sustainable future Introduction Culture shapes the way we see the world. It therefore has the capacity to bring about the change of attitudes needed to ensure peace and sustainable development which, we know, form the only possible way forward for life on planet Earth. Today, that goal is still a long way off. A global crisis faces humanity at the dawn of the 21st century, marked by increasing poverty in our asymmetrical world, environmental degradation and short-sightedness in policy-making. Culture is a crucial key to solving this crisis. Source: Preface, World Culture Report, UNESCO Publishing, Paris, 1999. Our cultural values, which often include particular religious beliefs, shape our way of living and acting in the world. Module 11 on Indigenous Knowledge and Sustainability explores the importance of indigenous values and spirituality in providing guidance for sustainable living. Such principles and values encourage a spirit of harmony between people, their natural environments and their spiritual identities. The principles for living sustainably that flow from these and other cultural and religious beliefs vary between groups and countries. They have also changed over time as circumstances demand. Despite this diversity, many principles for living sustainably are shared, not only among indigenous peoples, but also between different religious traditions. This module explores the role of culture and religion in providing guidance on ways...
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...Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Sustainable tourism development is actually taking proactive steps for long-term success that requires long-term sustainable tourism planning that brings all of the major local stakeholders to the table. It makes use of intelligent, sustainable tourism planning to focus on shared goals to move the entire community forward and create a Master Tourism Plan. And in addition major local stakeholders establish unique and creative funding options and marketing options that ensure success for the new tourism organization and the entire community as they move and grow into the future (Kerns, 2010). Local governments and tourism bureaus are the ones tasked with bringing all of the stakeholders to the table and creating a long-term, sustainable tourism master plan that will benefit everyone in the community. These leaders face the difficult task of managing very different groups while creating an attractive tourism product that encourages the desired type of tourist to visit. Local residents are essential partners in any tourism development efforts, as their lives will inevitably be touched by an increase in tourism. If the residents in a community are completely unwelcoming of tourism, then it will eventually fail. On the other hand, welcoming and friendly residents will create a warm and comfortable atmosphere where sustainable tourism will be able to flourish. Poorly planned tourism efforts will result in the failure of...
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...BUSINESS MISSION Grimsby town hall has gone from a highly recognized and significant art and functional center to a place that is hardly recognized and referred to as a ‘’best kept secret” The situation of the hall is in a declining state in terms of functionality and the maintenance is hard to keep up and there is a highly significant reduction in the inflow of cash while the outflow continues to rise whereby putting the financial status of the hall at risk. The factors responsible for the decline of the state of the hall are both Internal and external, this paper seeks to identify, analyze and provide possible solutions to these problems as the hall holds a potential for growth. Rebranding itself to be functional with the changes of its target market in terms of their needs and preferences, the hall would be seen in a different light communicated through the new experience it would offer and its high service quality. With the implementation of a new marketing strategy, the hall also seeks to expand in terms of popularity, customer base and sales. SITUATION ANALYSIS ORGANISATIONAL ANALYSIS Lincolnshire’s best kept secret, the Grimsby central hall was not always filled with silent halls as it is now, the center for art and events was an historical and cultural heritage for the people of Grimsby back in the early 80’s where it earned its popularity from the influx of people that visited the sea port close to it. Located in a rundown area, it has become very difficult...
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...Subject: Organizational Management, Task2 A. Develop an action plan: 1. Analyze the financial and leadership strengths and weaknesses of the Utah Symphony before the merger. Utah Symphony had a great deal of financial talent, but has been unable to find a strong source for future success. The potential merger builds on these strengths and weaknesses by creating a better future for both companies. Strength points: Symphony became one of the first orchestras from the western united stated to tour internationally. Unlike artists who worked for the opera, musicians employed by the USO received a full year contract and earned a full time salary. They had well management and financial that they were able to go to several cities and have hundreds concerts A weaking of the economy, the bursting of the of the internet bubble and subsequent collapse of the stock market, and the tragic of September 11,2001 had led to a decline in public ( ticket sales and individual ,corporate and foundation pledges) support for the arts The Utah Symphony has its home in Abravanel Hall, which is acclaimed as one of the world's great concert halls - having won awards for both its architecture and its extraordinary acoustics. In addition to performing more than 70 subscription concerts in Abravanel Hall, the Symphony regularly travels around the Intermountain West serving communities in Utah, Wyoming, Nevada and Idaho. Funding from the Utah State Legislature makes it possible for the Symphony...
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...SECTION A PERSONAL ATTRIBUTE VENSUS CAREER DEVELOPMENT Introduction Due to the change of social construction and production mechanism in Hong Kong, Knowledge-based Society is essential for the sustainability development of Hong Kong in the 21st century that cultivates talent labors (MediaDigest, RTHK, 2006). Recently, the globalization is allied and compounded around the world. It indicates the trend of “Whole People Education” for undergraduates to develop their own strategic vision and analytical technology for the externally globalized environment – social and economy (Y.K. Pang, HKIE, 2009). Integrated with the upward paragraph, this promotion has rapidly developed owing to the advocate of “Lifelong Learning” (executed by Tung Chee-hwa, the first Chief Executive of HKSAR). Based on the data generation, the percentage of growth rate of continuous education has increasing from 18 in 2002 to 28 in 2003 (Professor K.M. Yeung, HKU SPACE). In the literature aspects, “Lifelong Learning” is the recognition that learning may stretch out across a lifetime for anyone sustainability use and renew throughout each lifespan (Field, 2006). Based on Role of Reflection in Learning (Kolb, 1984), its operation is coordinated with 3 main items – (1) 1 Action, (2) Reflect on Experience; and (3) Conclude and Learn. For my own view, it could be comprehended with using the outcome of your lifespan to strengthen the core competence to make the continuous improvement...
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...Chapter: one 1.1. Introduction: ARCHITECTURE OF PERFORMING ART EDUCATION: Performing art education centre works for cultural activities and performing art education both formally and informally for both children and adults, the planning of the centre needs to be done with all levels of people in all ages keeping in mind. The purpose of any performing art education school facilities is to create an environment which can provide the teaching and learning process and recreation appropriate for people in all ages. Performing art represents the culture and tradition of the country and nation, therefore the education centre also should represent the culture and the tradition of the country. Besides the classrooms, teachers and administrator’s areas, workshops, stores etc, the physical enclosure itself should also generate an environment favorable for performing art education, recreation and other interactions. The planning, design and construction of the community school should result in an environment which can fulfill the above mentioned purpose. Although the schools of performing art education represent the art and culture of a nation, in different countries the performing art education centers were designed with different concepts , design ideas and technologies to achieve a master piece of art in form and architecture, but in developing countries particularly in Asian subcontinent, the planning and design need should be different. To spread the performing art...
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...Financial Strengths and Weaknesses of the Utah Symphony Before the Merger The financial state of the Utah Opera before the merger was grim. It was understood by the symphony’s chairman of the board, Scott Parker, that the situation was getting worse. This was aggravated by the downturn of the economy and the event of 9/11. However, even before the economic downturn and 9/11, the symphony was very close to a deficit situation (Delong & Ager, 2005). Scott Parker assumed the chairmanship to try to mitigate the situation. The average endowment or contributions for a Group II orchestra like the Utah Symphony is $8.8 million in FY 2001-2002. The endowment for the symphony is considered in the top end within its group. To be able to accumulate more than the average Group II orchestra is a financial strength. In January 2002, the total endowment for the Utah Symphony was $10 million. At the same time that the symphony is above the average orchestra within its group, it is also spending substantially. Artistic costs constitute the major expense category of expense for the orchestra (see Table 1). The symphony does not own its facilities. The building that houses the offices and the Abravanel Hall where the symphony performs are owned by the county. Most of the symphony’s cash (+90%) is allocated to orchestra and development (fund-raising) staff salaries, benefits, and payroll taxes. The orchestra musicians are unionized with annual salaries of $50,000 to $85,000...
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...Symphony Financial weakness: The Utah Symphony’s goal is to become stable financially stable through the raising of sufficient annual profitable. The Symphony relies too heavily on government grants. The performance revenue is only 18.5% more than government grants. Moreover, contributions are 14% higher than performance revenue, which means that the symphony relies too heavily on contributions and not enough on tickets sales. The program expenses are $10,447,384 and are significantly high, which include salaries, benefits, and taxes. It is 60% of the total expenses. The expenses are too high, without enough revenue to keep it going. Without the aid of grants and contributions, the symphony would not be sustained. The symphony is not sustainable without contributions and government grants. Furthermore, there is $1,164,026 in bad debt expense from pledged dollars that were not paid. Unfortunately, this is potential income cannot be used to pay for the organizations expenses. The symphony goal is to increase profitability in the future to $500K annually. Utah Symphony Leadership weakness: Leadership is lacking the connection with their staff and patrons alike. Thus far leadership is out of touch with performances and what the desires are of the customers. They are not attuned with their goals of raising the bar for their performances. Being in touch with the...
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...Survey of Creative Individuals’ Space Needs and Preferences Survey of Creative Enterprises and Interested Businesses CONCORD, NH September 2011 Prepared by Sw an Research and Consultin g for — Survey of Creative Individuals, Enterprises and Businesses – Concord Table of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary of Survey Results – Creative Individuals’ Space Needs and Preferences . . . . . . Relocation to a Live/Work Facility: Interested Respondents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Needs and Preferences for Live and Work Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Studio/Work Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Living Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Studio/Work Space Rental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Space Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Needs and Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 16 20 21 23 26 27 1 2 9 ...
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...ARE THE ARTS IMPORTANT IN EDUCATION? 1. Introduction British fashion, publishing, theatre, film and TV, literature, visual arts and music are internationally respected and renowned for their prestige. People from America to Asia dance to our music, read our books, purchase our art and wear our designer’s latest creations, with London being recognised as the world’s most influential city by Forbes in 2014. The creative sector represents 5 percent of the British economy which is valued at around £76.9 billion and provides more than 1.7 million jobs, as reported by Warwick university. These industries have an impact on us as individuals and adds to our rich heritage by contributing to our British culture. Our arts are constantly being shaped by new trends and our consumer choices are influenced by clever marketing and visual branding. The arts also improve the enjoyment of the environments which we live and work and shape the way in which we are perceived by others around the globe, whilst also contributing to how we view the world. However, the Arts have been left to suffer within the UK educational system in order to accommodate the severe budget cuts and restrictions being hauled at schools and colleges. With more time and focus being placed on academic subjects such as science and mathematics, there is an implication that they are more important. Subjects are placed within a hierarchy with the Arts taking the largest hit, as more measureable subjects are favoured so...
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...Selected papers from the 9 UN roundtable on communication for development COMMUNICATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT th COMMUNICATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT th Selected papers from the 9 UN roundtable on communication for development Research and Extension Division Natural Resources Management and Environment Department FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2007 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. ISBN 978-92-5-105883-1 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission...
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...Macro-environment Demographic environment According to Eurostat's data, the population of the EU-27 is growing and is expected to continually grow in future decades. The age structure of population in the EU-27 is becoming older, the age pyramid is narrowing at the bottom while the ageing population grows. This implies that in the future we should be more focus on mature services and adapt our services to a wider range of consumers since our target market is mainly young people. The average age at marriage is increasing noticeably across the EU in recent years. This can be interpreted that people are more likely to travel in less conventional types of accommodation, conducive for meetings and sharing of experiences. Economic environment After the financial and economic crisis, the GDP growth is expected to reach 1,5 % for 2014. The inflation rate is forecast to slightly decrease in 2014 compared to 2013. The household saving rate increased sharply in respond by the crisis and reached 13,2 % in 2009 while it began to decrease in 2010, to reach 10,7% in the end of 2013. The unemployment rate is foreseen to remain stable for 2014. Furthermore, it is interesting to point out that despite the slowdown Europeans keep going on holidays even if they spend less. The slightly increase of the GDP and decrease of inflation rate can be seen as a better economic situation in the EU 27, as a general increase of the wealth of many Europeans and a higher purchasing power. Moreover...
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...Activity Guide 2012-13 Sub-Theme-VI Energy Planning and Modelling Page 85 Activity Guide 2012-13 Working Group of the sub-theme Prof. A. Srinivasan Mr. Jayanta Kr Sarma Dr. Lalit Sharma Sheeraz Kirmani Dr. Kishor Kumar Baruah Mr. Sandeep Bhattacharjee Page 86 Activity Guide 2012-13 Energy Planning and Modelling 1. Introduction Planning is a process for developing a system and approach to fulfil a predefined goal and objectives on the basis of assessing the present scenario. Planning is meant for betterment. This betterment can be the strengthening resource base, efficient resource utilization and fulfilment of human needs. In case of energy planning it is targeted for meeting the present energy needs in an optimum and efficient way so that it may not destroy its ability to meet the future needs. Planning is a process for accomplishing purposes. It is a blue print of growth and a road map of development. It helps in deciding objectives both in quantitative and qualitative terms. It is setting of goals on the basis of objectives and keeping in the resources. A plan can play a vital role in helping to avoid mistakes or recognize hidden opportunities. Planning helps in forecasting the future, makes the future visible to some extent. It bridges between where we are and where we want to go. Planning is looking ahead. Forecasting is the process of making statements about events whose actual outcomes (typically) have not yet been observed. A commonplace example might be estimation...
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