...site, next is the acceptance of tourist values, revival of traditional arts and crafts. In economic impacts, the highest mean of score they got is in the better employment opportunities, next is the improved community infrastructure, and improvement of small businessess. Last is the social impacts, the residents respond by giving highest score in increasing public service, benefits to the residents, improved the communication skills is also considered. All of the three impacts as we can see is respectively agreed by the respondent. Coccossis (1996) asserts that sustainable tourism can be taken in four different interpretations that include” economic sustainability of tourism”, the “ecologically Sustainable tourism”,” sustainable tourism development” with both focus of environment as well as long term feasibility of the industry and finally “tourism as a part of a strategy for sustainable development”. (Farsari,...
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...classic example is what the electric and water for a residential home looks like: first 1000 gallons at a cost of .018160 is $18.16, over 1000 gallons at a cost of .020600 and the customer used 4,280 gallons is $88.17. Then here comes the Resident LEAC at a cost of .015740 for a total of 5,280 gallons used the total is $83.11. The total monthly bill is $189.44. Now here is an example for the residential electric bill: household uses 532.00 kwh in electricity, the monthly at a charge of .083255 totaling $44.29 and the LEAC charge is .347618 per kwh totaling $184.93. Now, there are other charges totaling $7.07 making the bill to be $236.29. A business’ WAPA bill tends to be triple the amount of a residential bill. There have been sustainable developments to help reduce the cost of the WAPA bills. For instance, the Department of Energy gave rebates to residence family that purchased energy saving appliances. They also provided loans to family and business owners so they could purchase solar panels and solar water heaters to help reduce electricity. They also educate the community on ways to help them save energy and reduce the electric bills. In conclusion, the Department of Energy, along with the...
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...economy. In New Zealand the importance of sustainability issues has been recognised by central and local government policies, environmental and economic development agencies, and business leaders. Two of the active business groups focusing on these issues are the New Zealand Business Council for Sustainable Development (NZBCSD) and the Sustainable Business Network (SBN). Waikato Management School is working in partnership with both of these key business groups on sustainability projects and events. The aim of these initiatives is to develop and share insights on sustainable economic development and sustainable enterprise success. The Waikato Management School is distinctive in its commitment ‘to inspire the world with fresh understandings of sustainable success’. These fresh understandings will be achieved through our high quality research that can influence policy makers, excellent teaching, through the knowledge and values our graduates take into the workforce, through our continued consulting with business and the outstanding experiences offered to everyone who connects with the School. We see education and research as key factors in enabling New Zealand to be a sustainable nation and sustainability as central to the future of business. Waikato Management School’s Research Programme The School’s research generates world-leading theory and practice-relevant research. The overall aim of the School’s research is to shape management theory, influence...
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...Sustainable tourism is one of the pre-requisites of achieving sustainable development. the concept of tourism with sustainability and development gets its historical inclusion from mass tourism that got flourished in 1960s due to advent of jet aircraft and the passions for tourism got tremendous following and it also reached Third World countries (Dann, 2002). It was also argued that this boost pushed organizations like World Bank and UN to examine the cost benefit analysis of tourism and it was acknowledged that potential costs of tourism are far lower than financial benefits in shape of balance pf payment surpluses, infrastructure development, and employment and foreign exchange gains. So that gave rise to the concept of sustainable tourism as one of the source of bringing sustainable development. According to the World’s Summit on Sustainable Development (2002), it is claimed that Tourism is the world’s largest industry where in 2000, 698 million people travelled internationally which 7.3 % more than 1999. Similarly the economic worth of international tourism was US$477.9 billion in 2000 (Papers4you.com, 2006). In terms of one concrete definition, literature suggests that it is not fixed and is ever evolving. However Coccossis (1996) asserts that sustainable tourism can be taken in four different interpretations that include” economic sustainability of tourism”, the “ecologically sustainable tourism”,” sustainable tourism development” with both focus of environment as...
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...SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Student Name: Student Number: Instructor: Class: Date: The concept of Sustainable development has in the recent past, raised concerns in all aspects of day to day living. Consequently, over the years a number of definitions and connotations have been associated with this concept, so as to apply it in different professional settings. Particularly, different professions have adopted various codes of ethical; conduct centered on sustainable development. Accordingly individuals working in various sectors constantly seek to adhere to these codes of conduct within their mandates. The engineering sector is one such area where the concept of sustainable development is regarded as a key tenet guiding ethical conduct among engineers. This paper traces the history of the concept of sustainable development and how it is practically incorporated into the engineering profession. Further, this paper examines the current Engineers’ Code of Ethics and how it addresses the issue of sustainable development. There have been various definitions regarding the concept of sustainable development. However, all these definitions revolve around the concept of need and limitation. The all time famous definition was one brought forward by the world Commission on Environment and Development in 1987 that termed sustainable development as, ”development that satisfies present needs without undermining the ability of future generations to satisfy their own needs.”. This definition...
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...Sustainable development (SD) is a pattern of economic growth in which resource use aims to meet human needs while preserving theenvironment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come (sometimes taught as ELF-Environment, Local people, Future[citation needed]). The term 'sustainable development' was used by the Brundtland Commission which coined what has become the most often-quoted definition of sustainable development as development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."[1][2] Alternatively, sustainability educator Michael Thomas Needham referred to 'Sustainable Development' "as the ability to meet the needs of the present while contributing to the future generations’ needs."[3] There is an additional focus on the present generations responsibility to improve the future generations life by restoring the previous ecosystem damage and resisting to contribute to further ecosystem damage. Sustainable development ties together concern for the carrying capacity of natural systems with the social challenges faced by humanity. As early as the 1970s, "sustainability" was employed to describe an economy "in equilibrium with basic ecological support systems."[4]Ecologists have pointed to The Limits to Growth,[5] and presented the alternative of a "steady state economy"[6] in order to address environmental concerns. The concept of sustainable development is often...
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...SUSTAINABLE COMMUNICATION Véronique Ferrouillat – Sustainable Communication - 2010 Content Introduction 1. To whom communicate? 2. Why? 3. How? – A – Communicating on SD Communication toolbox per audience – B – Communicating sustainably Véronique Ferrouillat - Sustainable communication – December- 2010 What is sustainable development? Its definition of sustainable development "development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" Extract from the report for the United Nations called ‘Our Common Future’. During the the Brundtland Commission. 1987 Véronique Ferrouillat - Sustainable communication – December- 2010 1 – TO WHOM COMMUNICATE ? 1 – To whom communicate? Companies aren’t alone in the world Secondary stakeholders Environmental and social non-gouvernemental organisations Research institutes/ Universities Affaires & produits Technology prodivers Primary stakeholders Banks, insurance companies, financial analysts Local communities Media Véronique Ferrouillat - Sustainable communication – December- 2010 1 – To whom? Communication target groups External stakeholders • Final consumers • Business clients • Financial stakeholders • Public administrators and policy makers • Civil society and society stakeholders • Suppliers Internal stakeholders • Shareholders • Employees and management Véronique Ferrouillat - Sustainable communication...
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...Sustainable tourism is an industry committed to making a low impact on the environment and local culture, while helping to generate future employment for local people. The aim of sustainable tourism is to ensure that development brings a positive experience for the local people, tourism companies and the tourists themselves. But sustainable tourism is not the same as ecotourism. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Commission on Sustainable Development Seventh Session 19-30 April 1999, New York TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: A LOCAL AUTHORITY PERSPECTIVE Background Paper # 3 Prepared by the International Council on Local Environmental Initiatives 2 Sustainable Tourism: A Local Authority Perspective prepared by the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) A. Introduction 1. A primary challenge of local governance, both today and in decades ahead, is to steer increasingly external, global forces on local development so that development achieves the shared vision of the local population. In cities, towns and villages throughout the world, the primary responsibility for this steering process rests with the institution of local government and its diverse local authorities. 2. As providers of social services, builders of economic infrastructure, regulators of economic activity, and managers of the natural environment, local authorities have many direct instruments at their disposal to influence development...
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...What is Sustainable Development? The concept of Sustainable Development has been staged globally as a political and ethical guideline for dealing with the world’s environmental and social crisis in the last two decades. Its growth is often associated with the numerous environmental movements, more popularly by the World Commission on Environment and Development, also known as the Brundtland Commission in 1987. But some studies have found out that its history can be further traced back as early as the European Enlightenment when German Kameralists began to be concerned about handing down “undiminished” dynasties to future generations. In the 1987 Brundtland Report dubbed as Our Common Future, Sustainable Development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. For the business enterprise, sustainable development means adopting business strategies and activities that meet the needs of the enterprise and its stakeholders today while protecting, sustaining and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. Just like a system, the world we live in connects us in space and time. America’s decisions a long time ago, for instance, will not just affect its present and future generations but also even people outside of its continent. Hence, most definitions of sustainable development emphasize the need to recognize how our decisions and actions affect...
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...Sustainable Microentrepreneurship: The Roles of Microfinance, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in Reducing Poverty in Developing Countries GUY VINCENT CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THE RELATIONASHIPS BETWEEN MICROFINANCE, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY IN REDUCING POVERTY IN LDCS 2.1. THE ROLE OF MICROFINANCE IN REDUCING POVERTY IN LDCS 2.2. THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN REDUCING POVERTY IN LDCS 2.3. THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABILITY IN REDUCING POVERTY IN LDCS 3. SUCCESSFUL CASE STUDIES OF MICROFINANCE, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND MICROFINANCE IN REDUCING POVERTY IN LDCS 4. EFFECTS OF SUSTAINABLE MICROENTREPRENUERSHIP ON LDCS 5. CONCLUSION 6. REFERENCES 1. INTRODUCTION About 90 percent of the people in developing countries lack access to financial services from institutions, either for credit or savings1, which further fuels the “Vicious Cycle of Poverty” (refer to Fig. 1). If the people of LDCs have a limited capacity to invest in capital, productivity is restricted, incomes are inhibited, domestic savings remain low, and again, any increases in productivity are prevented. A lack of access to financial institutions also hinders the ability for entrepreneurs in LDCs to engage in new business ventures, inhibiting economic growth, and often, the sources and consequences of entrepreneurial activities are neither financially nor environmentally sustainable (existing for continuing future use). Microfinance serves as a means to empower the poor, and provides a...
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...all about working as a designer for a label that is concerned with the issues surrounding sustainability. The term Eco fashion can mean many things, I see it as something has been made that considers environmental issues and social impact a product may have through out its total lifespan. Another term for this is ‘carbon footprint’ Sustainable fashion is all part of sustainable design. The purpose is to create designs that respect the environment and help poorer communities in developing countries. Clothes and accessories that meet the criteria are usually made using organic raw materials such as cotton grown without the use of pesticides; re used materials such as recycled plastic from coke bottles. Eco fashions don’t involve the use of harmful chemicals and bleaches – and are made by people earning fair wages in safe conditions. Eco fashion has always been seen as green and not very stylish! But over recent years developing techniques and more designers wanting to include these issues in their collections Eco Fashion has a new face designers are now incorporating sustainable practises into modern clothing. On trend fashion but with all sustainable issues covered. Celebrities, models and designers have really started to promote Eco fashion. One fashion designer who I have looked at Stella McCartney I found particularly interesting I never knew all her clothes considered environmental issues. All Stella McCartney stores, offices and studios in the UK are powered by Ecotricity...
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...1.Table of content 1. Table of content 1 2. List of illustration 2 3. Preface 3 3.1 Introduction 4 3.2 Objectives 5 3.3 Methodology 6 4. Sustainable Material 7 4.1 Linoleum 7 4.2 Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) 11 4.3 Polycarbonate 15 5. Conclusion 21 6. References and Bibliography 22 2. List of Illustrations Figure 1. Linoleum Floor 1 Source: http://bestgreenhometips.com Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 2. Linoleum Floor 2 Source: http: //advancedbuildings.org Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 3. Caramel Linoleum used as stair Source: http://www.ecofriendlyflooring.com/linoleum_gallery.html Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 4. Khaki Gray linoleum laundry room installation Source: http://www.ecofriendlyflooring.com/linoleum_gallery.html Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 5. Brick Linoleum with sunflower Deko Squares Source: http://www.ecofriendlyflooring.com/linoleum_gallery.html Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 6. Wood Plastic Composite 1 Source: http://metallurgyfordummies.com/page/2/ Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 7. Wood Plastic Composite 2 Source: http://www.ask.com/wiki/Wood-plastic_composite Retrieved: 14 May 2011 Figure 8. WPC as docking in balcony Source: CT Wood’s Brochure, 2011 Figure 9. CT Wood Logo Source: CT Wood’s Brochure, 2011 Figure 10. Advantages of WPC Source: CT Wood’s Brochure, 2011 Figure 11. WPC as docking in terrace Source: CT Wood’s Brochure, 2011 Figure 12. WPC as docking in corridor area Source: CT Wood’s Brochure...
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...Sustainable entrepreneurship, a field to emerge or not to emerge? Can this contribute to a sustainable future? Introduction Given the current global economic climate and despite its oppressive nature, many scholars have risen and pounced on the consequent opportunities available by taking an interest in the field of sustainable entrepreneurship. Research on sustainable entrepreneurial opportunities is still in its infant topic, which leaves researchers with a lengthy way to explore on this emerging field, but at the same time, it limits the research for this paper. “Sustainable development is a concept that describes the social goal of improving and maintaining human wellbeing over a long-term time horizon within the critical limits of life-sustaining ecosystems”(UN Conference on the Human Environment, 1972). While on the other hand, entrepreneurship is a scholarly field that “seeks to understand how opportunities to bring into existence future goods and services are discovered, created and exploited, by whom and with what consequences. (Venkataraman, 1997). But what if we combine both concepts? Is it possible to combine the profit and social and environmental orientation in one company? (Gawell, 2012) The aim of this paper will be to explore the different definitions form the scholars that have done research this field and also to see how the need of sustainable entrepreneurship has emerged in the last decade as one of the solutions for this unsustainable world. This paper...
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...SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLES Identify the current trend, event or issue Sustainable lifestyles are shaped by culture, politics, social norms and economics. In order for more of the population to develop sustainable lifestyles people must begin rethinking their ways of living. Making changes to how people socialize, exchange, educate, share and build their identities. People are a part of groups and communities that give their lives meaning, purpose and shape their ways of life. Citizens’ choices on food, waste, transportation, communication and energy use all can contribute to building sustainable lifestyles (Visions for change 2011). Establish how the trend is relevant to sustainability The global environmental, economic and social challenges society faces today are proof that consumption and production practices are far from sustainable. Challenges like waste generation, air pollution, water shortages and climate change have all been impacted by unsustainable patterns of consumption. A holistic, pragmatic and compelling vision of a sustainable society and how it can be copied at a local level is needed in order to relate and then apply to lifestyles and individual actions. Society’s values, expectations and perceptions of sustainability must be considered in order for people to understand policies and procedures to form sustainable lifestyles (Visions for change 2011). Creating a connection between people and solutions for new lifestyles is very important in order for them...
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...What is Sustainable Development? The concept of Sustainable Development has been staged globally as a political and ethical guideline for dealing with the world’s environmental and social crisis in the last two decades. Its growth is often associated with the numerous environmental movements, more popularly by the World Commission on Environment and Development, also known as the Brundtland Commission in 1987. But some studies have found out that its history can be further traced back as early as the European Enlightenment when German Kameralists began to be concerned about handing down “undiminished” dynasties to future generations. In the 1987 Brundtland Report dubbed as Our Common Future, Sustainable Development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. For the business enterprise, sustainable development means adopting business strategies and activities that meet the needs of the enterprise and its stakeholders today while protecting, sustaining and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. Just like a system, the world we live in connects us in space and time. America’s decisions a long time ago, for instance, will not just affect its present and future generations but also even people outside of its continent. Hence, most definitions of sustainable development emphasize the need to recognize how our decisions and actions affect...
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