...Inipi, the Lakota Sweat Lodge Ceremony Shawn Peverill ANT351: Anthropology of Religion, Magic and Ritual Instructor: Katie Bojakowski July 23, 2014 Inipi, the Lakota Sweat Lodge Ceremony In this paper, I will be conducting research at a fellow Spiritual Leaders ceremony his name is Ed Fox, He has a sweat lodge built on his property in which I will be participating in. The Lakota sweat lodge ritual, or Inipi, is a familiar aspect of Lakota religion, incorporated and appropriated from reservations to urban areas, from traditional native ceremonies to New Age religion (Pickering, K.1999). I have spoken to him and gained his permission to describe the events of this ceremony. First the fire is to be built around the stones to be used, each of the first seven stones are blessed with tobacco along with a prayer conducted by the chosen individual to build the ceremonial fire. The ceremony itself consists for four rounds. In this ceremony, I will ask him why he has chosen this path and accepted the responsibility of the people’s lives that come to his ceremony. Also, if he feels that the creator speaks through him, or if he feels he is just a messenger for the creator. In this ceremony I will be interviewing the men of the ceremony since this will be a “Men’s Lodge”, there is also a woman’s lodge going at the same time but men are forbidden to attend because it is said that woman have more power than men since they have the power to give...
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...“Sweat” and the “Man Who Was Almost a Man” Zora Neale Hurston and Richard Wright were distinguished black writers from the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s. Coming only two generations after slavery, this was an amazing resurgence of black creativity in all fields from writing, art, dance, and music to philosophy, history, and the social and natural sciences. The Harlem Renaissance died out with the Great Depression, but it has left behind a lasting legacy for all Americans including these powerful stories. One idea that emerged from the Harlem Renaissance was called "double consciousness." This theory developed by writer-activist W. E. B. DuBois articulated the psychological effects of living under racism. DuBois's theory focused on the ways that blacks who were confronted with stereotypes but also were aware of a reality of black life much different from the stereotypes lived with both of these conflicting modes of thought. Double consciousness is an idea that seeks to explain the effects of segregation and racism in the daily lives of blacks, and can be seen in the choices Harlem Renaissance artists made. Harlem renaissance authors wrote during a time of self-awareness, which also included an awareness of self as perceived by others, primarily through the eyes of racism. The language choices made by these authors reflect this duality, as the characters "code switch" (a linguistic term for the way people use both dialect and Standard English in different circumstances) between...
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...The compound responsible for the smell in human sweat is trans-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid and its chemical formula is C7H12O2. According to the article, perfumes and deodorants are alike in that the goal in using them is to eliminate (or at least hide) body odor. They are different in that perfumes merely cover up the odor, while deodorants actually kill the bacteria responsible for the odor. The article mentions that baking soda and formaldehyde were used originally in deodorants. The common property that baking soda and formaldehyde have is that they both kill bacteria. Studies have shown that formaldehyde is toxic and can cause cancer. Zinc oxide does not kill bacteria by itself, “…but, similar to baking soda, it neutralizes the fatty acid microbial waste products responsible for body odor. Deodorants kill the bacteria that cause body odor, while antiperspirants block the pores through which sweat passes, thus preventing sweating and maintaining a dry environment in which bacteria cannot thrive. Most antiperspirants contain aluminum-based compounds. Aluminum compounds form aluminum ions (Al3+) in solution. These ions plug your sweat ducts so that you don’t perspire. The two types of sweat glands in underarms are eccrine glands and apocrine glands. Most of the actual active ingredients of deodorants are solids, so they must be dissolved or suspended in liquids or gels to allow them to be applied easily. The solvents must evaporate easily so that they don’t leave a wet...
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...Sweats Galore Horace Bailey April 24, 2012 To: Michael Woods From: Horace Bailey Date: 04/24/2012 Subject: Sweats Galore 1. Hello Mr. Woods. I would like to start off by congratulating you on your new business venture. I have gone over your business goal and I believe that you did an excellent job stating your desires to incorporate the four criteria into your new business. I can tell that you put a great deal of thought into this project from your information and knowledge about the area. You took great initiative traveling to Shirts and More to talk with Jayne Stoll. This shows me you are interested in achieving success and providing a quality product to Campus Town. Also, I am able to grasp your enthusiasm about undertaking such an endeavor as well as the genuine want to provide custom print sweatshirts to the town in which you graduated college. Mixing this with the ever changing economy and socioeconomic trends of our day, I personally believe your business is poised to be successful in the future as more students attend college yearly and word gets out about your product. My only concern came with your wanting to generate a net income of $25,000 annually. While there is nothing wrong with wanting to profit, I believe I could lend you a few suggestions to potentially allow you to achieve our goal earlier. To be more specific, your first three criteria are more along the lines of a mission statement. Your only true objective is criteria four. You do not truly...
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...| Units | Cost | September | 8,000 | $1,914.00 | January | 2,000 | $1,716.00 | Difference | 6,000 | $198.00 | Cost/unit | | $0.03 | | | | | | | Hi-Lo Utilities | Units | Cost | September | 8,000 | $1,400.00 | January | 2000 | $1,100.00 | Difference | 6,000 | $300.00 | Cost/Unit | | $0.05 | | | | January Sales | 12000 | | January /unit cost | 16 | | January Units | 750 | | | | | Maintenance Cost January | Units | 750 | | Cost/unit | $0.03 | | Total Variable Costs | $24.75 | | | | Utilities Cost January | Units | 750 | | Cost/Unit | $0.05 | | Total Variable Costs | $37.50 | 3. Using the format below, prepare a Sales Budget for the year ending 2008. Sweats Galore | Sales Budget |...
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...Analysis of Sweat Zora Neal Hurston wrote Sweat during an era when men dominated in the world, and often on the pages of literature. However, Zora is still able to create a heroine, for the time, which stands off the pages and speaks, I matter. Heroine Delia Jones, also caught up in a world controlled, and tempered by men, finds a way to hold onto her independence – and in the end gain her freedom. Hurston’s Sweat depicts beautifully the struggle between husband and wife for control, through her incorporation of symbols in the snake, and use of weight. From the beginning of the story the reader can see the struggle for power between Delia and her husband Sykes. Because, Sykes does not work, Delia is the head contributor to the household. Thus, she is the real controller of their house and property. Sykes does not actually own anything, yet he tries to uphold the illusion that he is in power. He tells Delia “Ah ain’t gointer have it in mah house. Don’t gimme no lip neither, else ah’ll throw ‘em out and put mah fist up side yo’ head to boot.” Once again, pushing his delusion of control. His terrorization of her through physical violence is all he truly has, because he is not actually running anything. I believe he brings in the snake into the house, because it is his final plot for ultimate control. The snake then becomes a symbol of his authoritarian masculine energy. I believe Hurston intended this as Delia's true fear. It also reflects the shifting women's issues at the time...
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...Question 1 It's always important to set goals to measure the success of any business. However, the first three goals are more of a mission statement while the fourth is an objective for the company. The problem is there no plan and one objective. What is he going to do if the company doesn't net the $25,000? Or what if it nets the $25,000 but there is not enough cash to sustain the business? There needs to be more objectives to make allowances for these types of situations. There needs to be a plan of action where goals change from period to period. Otherwise, the business cannot succeed. Question 2 Hi-Lo Maintenance Units Cost September 8,000 $1,914.00 January 2,000 $1,716.00 Difference 6,000 $198.00 Cost/unit $0.033 Hi-Lo Utilities Units Cost September 8,000 $1,400.00 January 2000 $1,100.00 Difference 6,000 $300.00 Cost/Unit $0.050 January Sales 12000 January /unit cost 16 January Units 750 Maintenance Cost January Units 750 Cost/unit $0.033 Total Variable Costs $24.75 Utilities Cost January Units 750 Cost/Unit $0.05 Total Variable Costs $37.50 Question 3 Sales Budget 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 Q Year Next yr 1Q Expected Unit Sales 8,000 10,000 20,000 12,000 50,000 18,000 x Unit Selling Price $16 $16 $16 $16 $16 = Total Revenue $ $128,000 $160,000 $320,000 $192,000 $800,000 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q Year Question 4 Total Revenue $128,000 $160,000 $320,000 $192,000 $800,000 Accounts Receivable $0 $38...
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...January 2, 1999, is the fateful day that will forever haunt Mikelle Biggs’s sister, Kimber Biggs. Kimber and Mikelle Biggs were regular girls until that terrible day, when 11- year old Mikelle’s picture landed in the news due to her mysterious disappearance. First of all, Mikelle and Kimber Biggs went outside late that afternoon to buy ice cream when they heard an ice cream truck. After minutes of waiting, Kimber Biggs went back inside, complaining that it was cold. Kimber’s mother told her to ask Mikelle to come in as it was getting dark. Kimber went back outside and yelled for Mikelle, but received no response. Mikelle wasn’t there , only a bike strewn on the street was left. Quickly, it became clear that Mikelle had probably been abducted....
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...Art. 1873. If a person especially informs another or states by public advertisement that he has given a power of attorney to a third person, the latter thereby becomes a duly authorized agent, in the former case with respect to the person who received the special information, and in the latter case with regard to any person. The power shall continue to be in full force until the notice is rescinded in the same manner in which it was given. Communication of existence of agency. There are two (2) ways of giving notice of agency with different effects: (1) If by special information, the person appointed as agent is considered such with respect to the person to whom it was given; or (2) If by public advertisement, the agent is considered as such with regard to any person. Public advertisement may be made in any form - through the newspaper, radio, etc. and by person or billboards. In either use, the agency is deemed to exist whether there is actually an agency or not. Manner of revocation of agency. The power of attorney must be provoked in the same manner in which it was given. (par. 2.) If the agency has been entrusted for the purpose of contracting with specified persons, its revocation shall not prejudice the latter if they were not given notice thereof. (Art. 1921.) Nevertheless, revocation made in any manner is effective where the person dealing with the agent has actual knowledge thereof; otherwise, bad faith and fraud would be committed. Art. 1874. When...
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...“Sweat” by Zora Neale Hurston is filled with many religious symbolism. Good versus evil plays a large role in the development of Delia and Skype Jones, as characters. The story is about Delia, an African American woman who is a washwoman for whites. Delia consistently looks to her religion for guidance and support as she endures the many hardships that she faces because, which are caused by her abusive husband and unfaithful husband, Sykes. Delia and Sykes Jones is a couple that have opposite moral values, but yet they are tied together through marital vows, that no longer have much importance or value. Delia Jones is portrayed as the Protagonist and a very modest woman of weakness who later gains the strength to stand u to her abusive husband Skyes. Delia looks to God and her religion to help her build the strength she needs, so she can continue to be protected from her husband who is both physically and emotionally abusive to her. However, Sykes Jones, is every bit the opposite of Delia Jones. He has neither religious values nor any important moral standards. He is an adulterous, who takes Delia’s hard working money, and spends not on his wife but on his mistress Bertha. Delia who relies solely on her faith and continues to stay contempt, no matter how her husband treats her, but Delia warned him that in the end, Sykes “sometime or ruther, Sykes, like everybody else, is gointer reap his sowing (par. 26).” The white clothes that Delia washes are a symbol of Delia’s...
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...Answer Key: Case 6 - Sweats Galore Question 1 It's always important to set goals to measure the success of any business. However, the first three goals are more of a mission statement while the fourth is an objective for the company. The problem is there no plan and one objective. What is he going to do if the company doesn't net the $25,000? Or what if it nets the $25,000 but there is not enough cash to sustain the business? There needs to be more objectives to make allowances for these types of situations. There needs to be a plan of action where goals change from period to period. Otherwise, the business cannot succeed. Question 2 Hi-Lo Maintenance Units Cost September 8,000 $1,914.00 January 2,000 $1,716.00 Difference 6,000 $198.00 Cost/unit $0.033 Hi-Lo Utilities Units Cost September 8,000 $1,400.00 January 2000 $1,100.00 Difference 6,000 $300.00 Cost/Unit $0.050 January Sales 12000 January /unit cost 16 January Units 750 Maintenance Cost January Units 750 Cost/unit $0.033 Total Variable Costs $24.75 Utilities Cost January Units 750 Cost/Unit $0.05 Total Variable Costs $37.50 Question 3 Sales Budget 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 Q Year Next yr 1Q Expected Unit Sales 8,000...
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...HISTORY OF BIOLOGY Though biology is generally regarded as a modern science with late origins in the early to mid-nineteenth century, it drew on varied traditions, practices, and areas of inquiry beginning in antiquity. Traditional histories of biology generally target two areas that merged into modern biological science: medicine and natural history. The tradition of medicine dates back to the work of ancient Greek medical practitioners such as Hippocrates of Kos (b. 460 B.C.E.) and to figures such as Galen of Pergamum (c. 130–c. 200), who contributed much to early understanding of anatomy and physiology. The tradition of natural history dates back to the work of Aristotle (384–322 B.C.E.). Especially important are his History of Animals and other works where he showed naturalist leanings. Also important is the work of Aristotle's student Theophrastus (d. 287 B.C.E.), who contributed to an understanding of plants. Aristotle and Theophrastus contributed not only to zoology and botany, respectively, but also to comparative biology, ecology, and especially taxonomy (the science of classification). Both natural history and medicine flourished in the middle ages, though work in these areas often proceeded independently. Medicine was especially well studied by Islamic scholars working in the Galenic and Aristotelian traditions, while natural history drew heavily on Aristotelian philosophy, especially in upholding a fixed hierarchy of life. The Roman naturalist Caius Plinius Secundus...
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...her relationship. In the beginning of the story, she tries to avoid starting a fight with Sykes out of respect for the day: “Ah aint for no fuss t'night Sykes. Ah just come from taking sacrament at the church house.” (Hurston 387). Skyes even tries to guilt Delia for working by using her religion against her. He states “Yeah, you just come from de church house on a Sunday night, but heah you is gone to work on them clothes.” (Hurston 387). Not only does Delia herself encompass Christianity, the plot line does as well. “Sweat” is comprised of many biblical allusions and symbolisms. The story is heavily allusive to the Garden of Eden, complete with the snake of temptation, and Delia is reborn at the end of the story with a radically different life view. As Adam and Eve are exiled from the Garden of Eden, Delia is exiled from the spiritual life she wishes to have because of Sykes. Delia’s homes is like the Garden of Eden. She has invested so much of her time and sweat into maintaining her home, her pride and joy. The story itself begins and ends on a Sunday. While Bertha (mistress) is in town, Delia’s suffering is comparable to the garden of Gethsemane. The garden of Gethsemane is where Jesus took his disciples to pray. When he instructed them to either to watch or pray, they all fell asleep. Judas betrayed Jesus and led the Romans to him at Gethsemane before he was crucified. As Carter states, “Delia feels betrayed, she bears a cross too. She married Sykes because she loved him, but...
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...Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff Abstract This book report is about Richard Carlson’s book, “Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff…and it’s All Small Stuff”. The book explores how small the small things can cause stress to people, and gives advice on how to combat those small things. Carlson (1997) describes different ways to calm down during the hectic, day-to-day life, and how to remove stress by changing your perspective about things. Carlson offers 100 different sections of advice, organized in chapter formats. Carlson teaches the reader to look at life another way and gives relevant examples on how to do this to eliminate daily stress. Carlson gives such advice as to “live in the present moment” and “to make peace with imperfection”, among other stress reliving advice. Carlson’s main objective is to shift the reader’s paradigm on what is really important in the day-to-day life and how changing your thinking can greatly impact your life. The book “Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff…and it’s all Small Stuff” by Richard Carlson was a very profound book to read. It was both eye-opening, and an effective reminder that negative or bad things that happen to us can’t always be taken too seriously. We go about our lives and react to things, treating things as a constant emergency and don’t stop to think what that reaction may cause. This is the biggest point that Carlson tries to makes in the book, in that how we relate to our problems...
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...Sweats Galore Question one Yes, it is crucial that Michael stipulate the four criteria when planning for his new business. In stipulating the four the criteria Michael will be able to have a better understanding of how his business will work and why he it is he wants to start his business in the first place. Having the goals made up helps maintain the goals as well as a better management for the business since one knows the direction they want to take it to. Michael started his business because he wants to do something that he enjoys and has previous experience in doing, which only means that he will be better prepared to handle the responsibilities of managing his own business. Michael's willingness to give back to the community will do nothing but benefit him considering that most of his customers are going to be within the community. Michael has a clear idea of what direction he wants to take his new business. He wants to see his business grow and become more successful by the years. This idea of making his business grow will encourage him to make decisions that will benefit his business in both the short and long run. Setting up a goal of an income of 25,000 annually is a good idea. The problem is that there is no plan if the minimum income is not met. There should be a plan of action where the can goals be flexible to change so that the business has a better chance of...
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