...Holmgren et al. (2012) analyzes the energy balance of a commercial-scale methanol process featuring a biomass gasification system. Albeit trees and some microbes can capture CO₂ and converted it into more involute chemicals, humans have struggled to reproduce the process on an immensely colossal scale. Most chemical reactions involving CO₂ require sumptuous catalysts, high temperatures, or high pressures to react. The most mundane utilization of CO₂ as a chemical feedstock is in the formation of urea, which is found in around 91% of the world’s fertilisers (Breen , 2014). The kinetic models developed for the commixed reforming and synthesis of methanol (MeOH) by Nonam, et al. (2014). The experimental study of Conversion of CO2 into methanol...
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...Homework #5 Due: 12:00pm noon, 4/30/2009 Topic: Build, Manage, and Globalize Projects Reading: Chapters 13, 14, and 15 Instruction 1: Write answers in your own language. In other words, if you find some answers from the textbook or other resources, paraphrase them thoroughly and add references or URLs as follows: • Example 1: Infosys is one of the exemplary companies that provide outsourcing services globally (Thomas L. Friedman, “The World is Flat,” p. 110). • Example 2: SAP provides various core business functions, such as finance, human resource, and manufacturing (http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/25/technology/25sap.html). Instruction 2: Only cite the reliable sources defined as “Scholarship” and “News Organizations” in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources. Note that Wikipedia itself is NOT considered as a reliable sources because some contents of it are still evolving and may contain biased and partial information. Wikipedia may contain links to good resources, though. Instruction 3: Basically, submit only your answers, not the instruction and questions. All instructions and questions are highlighted in yellow (except for the homework number and due dates). Thus, before submitting your homework, remove all of the yellow areas. If you keep the yellow area, the plagiarism detection system may put a flag on your homework. Instruction 4. Save your answers in a file as “hw2_[Purdue Career Account].doc” (e.g, “hw2_yij.doc”), and...
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...The goal of the research process is to produce new knowledge or deepen understanding of a topic or issue. This process takes three main forms (although, as previously discussed, the boundaries between them may be obscure): * Exploratory research, which helps identify and define a problem or question. * Constructive research, which tests theories and proposes solutions to a problem or question. * Empirical research, which tests the feasibility of a solution using empirical evidence. There are two ways to conduct research: Primary research Using primary sources, i.e., original documents and data. Secondary research Using secondary sources, i.e., a synthesis of, interpretation of, or discussions about primary sources. There are two major research designs: qualitative research and quantitative research. Researchers choose one of these two tracks according to the nature of the research problem they want to observe and the research questions they aim to answer: Qualitative research Understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. Asking a broad question and collecting word-type data that is analyzed searching for themes. This type of research looks to describe a population without attempting to quantifiably measure variables or look to potential relationships between variables. It is viewed as more restrictive in testing hypotheses because it can be expensive and time consuming, and typically limited to a single set of research subjects...
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...Theoretical Framework a. The study framework is not clearly identified; however, a tentative theory is proposed since a tentative theory “has had minimal exposure to critique by the discipline, and has had little testing” (Burns & Grove, 2009). b. The discussion of the conceptual framework is limited to the model of impaired sleep. The linking of the concept of impaired sleep to independent variables of the Fatigue countermeasures program for nurses (FCMPN). The major study concepts include: sleep deprivation (inadequate sleep), sleep disruption (fragmented sleep), lifestyle situation, and health related issues. Variables Identification and Definition Independent Variables: Feasibility of an FCMPN intervention for patient and nurse safety Conceptual Definition: “The model of impaired sleep (Lee et al., 2004) guided the intervention for evaluating the feasibility of an FCMPN for improving sleep duration and quality while reducing daytime sleepiness and patient care errors… Performance accomplishment was achieved by ‘educating’ the staff about fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms; neurobehavioral and health effects associated with sleep loss or deprivation; and misconceptions about sleepiness” (Scott, et al. 2010, p. 250, 253). Operational Definition: “A one-group pretest-posttest repeated measures approach was used. Participants provided data 2 week before the FCMPN, 4 weeks after receiving the intervention, and again at 3 months after intervention (Scott, et al. 2010...
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... GNP-BC July 12, 2014 Critical Appraisal #1 Theoretical Framework The study framework is not clearly identified; however, a tentative theory is proposed since a tentative theory “has had minimal exposure to critique by the discipline, and has had little testing, (Burns and Grove, 2009). The conceptual framework is limited to the model impaired sleep. The linking of the concept impaired sleep to independent variables of the fatigue countermeasures program for nurses (FCMPN). The FCMPN in this study was “modeled after the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center’s Fatigue Countermeasures Program and the Sleep, Alertness, and Fatigue Education in Residency Program” (Scott et al., 2010, p. 253). The major study concepts include: “sleep deprivation (inadequate sleep), sleep disruption (fragmented sleep), lifestyle situation, and health related issues” (p. 251). There is no map or model of the impaired sleep model purposed by Lee et al., 2004 (as cited in Scott et al., 2010) in the article; however, there is a diagram of the conceptual framework for the FCMPN. Variable Identification and Definitions The research variables that Scott et al. (2010) observed and measured were the FCMPN, sleep duration, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, drowsiness episodes, drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes, and potential or actual errors. Research variables are used when a study occurs in an uncontrolled or field setting, without application of treatment...
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...Marketing Research PROJECT PROPOSAL FEASIBILITY OF OPENING A CAFÉ COFFEE DAY (CCD) IN KUNNAMANGALAM, CALICUT Akshay Jadhao, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode Note: This is “Just a Project Proposal and Methodology document” (NOT a research paper). Actual research is being conducted at Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Kozhikode by the author on this project and original research paper will be available soon. The sole purpose of this document is to help students and researchers who are interested in marketing research, especially in Indian coffee market. 1 PROJECT PROPOSAL RESEARCH QUESTION: To check the feasibility of opening a Café Coffee Day (CCD) in Kunnamangalam, Calicut, Kerala (India) INTRODUCTION As per the research done by KPMG (KPMG Report on Consumer Market, 2005) on the consumer markets in India, greatest potential for growth opportunity in the organized retail sector is in the food and beverage sector. It’s projected that food and beverage retailing will grow at 9.2 percent over the next five years against a total GDP growth rate of around 7 percent. An important factor to be considered is the changing pattern of spending by the Indian consumer. There is growth in the disposable incomes and as a result the markets are changing fast and are leading to more urbanization kind of lifestyles. India as a market is more relevant because of the demographic advantage it has over other economies. As a result here young working...
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...JAN REVIEW PAPER Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis Jane Noyes1 & Jennie Popay2 Accepted for publication 29 September 2006 Jane Noyes DPhil MSc RN RSCN Professor of Nursing Research, Co-Convenor Cochrane Qualitative Research Methods Group University of Wales, Bangor, UK Jennie Popay MA Professor of Sociology and Public Health, Co-Convenor Cochrane Qualitative Research Methods Group Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Correspondence to Jane Noyes: e-mail: jane.noyes@bangor.ac.uk 2 1 N O Y E S J . & P O P A Y J . ( 2 0 0 7 ) Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 57(3), 227–243 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04092.x Abstract Title. Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis Aim. This paper reports the findings from a qualitative meta-synthesis concerning people with, or at risk of, tuberculosis, service providers and policymakers and their experiences and perceptions of tuberculosis and treatment. Background. Directly observed therapy is part of a package of interventions to improve tuberculosis treatment and adherence. A Cochrane systematic review...
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...Marketing Research PROJECT PROPOSAL FEASIBILITY OF OPENING A CAFÉ COFFEE DAY (CCD) IN KUNNAMANGALAM, CALICUT Akshay Jadhao, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode Note: This is “Just a Project Proposal and Methodology document” (NOT a research paper). Actual research is being conducted at Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Kozhikode by the author on this project and original research paper will be available soon. The sole purpose of this document is to help students and researchers who are interested in marketing research, especially in Indian coffee market. 1 PROJECT PROPOSAL RESEARCH QUESTION: To check the feasibility of opening a Café Coffee Day (CCD) in Kunnamangalam, Calicut, Kerala (India) INTRODUCTION As per the research done by KPMG (KPMG Report on Consumer Market, 2005) on the consumer markets in India, greatest potential for growth opportunity in the organized retail sector is in the food and beverage sector. It’s projected that food and beverage retailing will grow at 9.2 percent over the next five years against a total GDP growth rate of around 7 percent. An important factor to be considered is the changing pattern of spending by the Indian consumer. There is growth in the disposable incomes and as a result the markets are changing fast and are leading to more urbanization kind of lifestyles. India as a market is more relevant because of the demographic advantage it has over other economies. As a result here young working populations drive personal...
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...Lictao Lyzeth M. Raneses Vangeline M. Dasalla Krisna M. Martin March S.Y. 2015-2016 Table of Contents Title Page ii Table of Contents iii List of Figures iv List of Tables v Chapter I. The Problem and its Background Introduction 1 Scope and Limitation 5 Objectives of the Project 6 Significance of the Project 7 Chapter II. Review of Related Literature and Studies Theoretical Framework Related Literature Related Studies Synthesis Chapter III. Technical Background Technicality of the Project Details of the technologies to be used How the project will work Chapter IV. Methodology * Environment * Locale * Population of the Study * Organizational Chart/Profile * Requirements Specification * Operational Feasibility * Fishbone Diagram * Functional Decomposition Diagram * Technical Feasibility * Compatibility Checking * Relevance of the Technologies * Schedule Feasibility * Gantt Chart * Economic Feasibility * Cost and Benefit Analysis * Cost Recovery Scheme * Requirements Modeling * Data and Process Modeling * Context Diagram * Data flow Diagram * System Flowchart * Risks Assessment/Analysis * Design * Output and User-Interface Design * Forms * Reports * Data Design * Entity Relationship Diagram * Data Dictionary * System Architecture * Network Model *...
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...coordination as an information problem. The case of a divisionalized company Antonio Leotta Assistant Professor of Accounting University of Catania (Italy) Department: Impresa, Culture e Società Email: antonio.leotta@unict.it ABSTRACT The extant literature on inter-organizational control distinguishes the main control problems as coordination problems and appropriation concerns. The present study focuses on coordination problems and is intended to understand the process leading to the hybrid nature of inter-firm coordination modes and the role of information in this process. In a theoretical part, after discussing the main critical assumptions underlying coordination studies, an integrative framework is proposed to conceptualize the coordination process and describe the role of information in this process. In Particular, the framework assumes inter-firm settings as a-centered and a-static, whence the relevance of an interpretive approach where coordination is viewed as a process characterized by dialectic interactions between coordinating actors. The empirical part of the study is aimed at verifying the explanatory power of the framework studying a case of outsourcing relations in a divisionalized company operating in the semi-conductor industry. The case provided useful data giving new insights that enrich the framework. Keywords: coordination; information; system;: process; inter-organizational relations. Revised version July, 5 2011 1. Introduction Inter-organizational...
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...Engineering and Technology Management, 8 ( 1991 ) 67-83 Elsevier Towards a new theory of innovation management: A case study comparing Canon, Inc. and Apple Computer, Inc. Ikujiro Nonaka Institute of Business Research, Hitotsuhashi University, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan Martin Kenney Department of Applied Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA Abstract This paper argues that innovation can be best understood as an information process which is then concretized as a product that meets demand. Two very different firms, Canon Inc. and Apple Computer Inc., are used as case study illustrations. Innovation does not proceed through logical deduction, but rather is furthered by the use of metaphors and analogies. The bureaucratic and staid structures of the firm can be challenged and broken up to provide the space for innovations to emerge. The leader’s role in the innovating firm is as a catalyst and facilitator, not as an allknowing despot. The importance of innovations is not merely in the new product, but also the “ripple” effects of innovations which can propel the firm into a self-renewal process. Keywords: Innovation management, High-technology, Case study. 1. Introduction Increasingly, corporate competitive success is hinging upon the effective management of innovation. Innovation has been the object of considerable academic study from a variety of perspectives. However, innovations are usually considered as objects. We choose to look at innovation...
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...efficiency and increase economic return for producers are important. Ruminant nutrition research has focused on strategies to improve animal growth performance and carcass quality. Different feed additives and mineral supplementation strategies have been used to influence several characteristics on ruminants and some are used to modify growth. Ractopamine Hydrochloride is one of them, and consists of a metabolic growth modifier used to increase animal performance and has been used in cattle legally since 2003 in the United States of America (Gruber et al., 2007). Therefore, utilization of feed additives including ractopamine in association with Zinc and other minerals should be evaluated and validated considering protein synthesis effect and also economical feasibility before any decision-making. Mineral Supplement utilization in USA confined cattle...
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...of prior projects, or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Methods for conducting a research: The goal of the research process is to produce new knowledge or deepen understanding of a topic or issue. This process takes three main forms (although, as previously discussed, the boundaries between them may be obscure): * Exploratory research, which helps to identify and define a problem or question. * Constructive research, which tests theories and proposes solutions to a problem or question. * Empirical research, which tests the feasibility of a solution using empirical evidence. There are two ways to conduct research: Primary research Using primary sources, i.e., original documents...
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...Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal Sally Martin Torres NUR 598 September 11, 2011 Dr. Veta Massey Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal Section D: Methods of Implementation Health care throughout the history has shown many changes. Every change brings in challenges in a workplace because change is more often met with resistance. It also brings in innovative ideas that steers the organization’s advancement and performance. The major motivation of change in this organization is to sustain a successful future in its continuum. For change to succeed, brilliant strategy, and clever implementation are necessary (Gandossy and Sonnenfield, 2004). Organizing the Plan The problem that was stated in Part A of this proposal was medication error and the organization is aiming at reducing the incidents of administration errors that involve medications. Although there are three proposed solutions, the one that gained the highest priority is the use red disposable apron during the medication rounds. This type of innovation is cost-effective, requiring short staff in-service by the nurse clinical educator, it is maintenance free, and does not require space for storage. This intervention will also allow a less difficult data collection for measuring outcomes. Every institution requires the approval of the Chief Nurse Officer (CNO) to pilot an intervention. The intervention will be introduced in a small 30-bed medical-surgical unit which will last for four months...
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...4/4/2016 49004 Systems Engineering for Managers Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) - An Introduction Last Lecture 2 We completed our introduction to systems concepts: Definitions Characteristics Significance Feedback 1 4/4/2016 This lecture 3 We will give a brief description of Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology (SSM); We will indicate where it is appropriate to use; We will distinguish it from “hard” approaches. 4 Lecture Relevant Reading Checkland P (1993), “The Development of ‘Soft’ Systems Thinking”, Jackson MC (2004), “Soft Systems Methodology”, Optional Reading: Staker RJ (1999), An Application of Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology to the Development of a Military Information Operations Capability for the Australian Defence Force 2 4/4/2016 “Classical” Systems Engineering 5 One way of thinking suggests… engineering begins when a need is established. the engineer’s task then provides a solution ... A “how to” oriented activity the need is expressed in terms of a system with defined objectives If there is a current situation S0 and a future, desired situation S1, then select the best of the available ways of getting from S0 to S1 so that the process becomes one of evaluating alternative solutions using models and criteria However… 6 More often than not, for managers, the problem is ill-defined – or the need is not readily established “What is the issue?” is the relevant question before...
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