...diagrams from the governement of the UK that shows the level of sports participation of kids. The latest data show that in the four weeks prior to being interviewed,95 per cent of 11-15 year olds took part in sport in or outside of school. These results have remained stable since 2008/09. Percentage of children who participated in sport in the last four weeks, 2008/09 to 2012/13 Amongst all children (5-15 year olds) the rate of those who had taken part in any sport in the 4 weeks before being interviewed decreased from 2008/09 (91%) to 2012/13 (88%) In the week prior to being interviewed, 89 per cent of 11-15 year olds took part in sport either in or outside of school. Percentage of children who participated in sport in the last week, 2008/09 to 2012/13 Imagen Amongs 11-15 year olds, using the “sport in the last four weeks” measure, there was a significant increase since 2010/11 in the rate of those who had played cricket, dodgeball, rounders, tennis, table tennis, basketball, badminton and taken part in cross country, jogging or road running and athletics (track and field events, running races or jumping). Sports participated in by 11-15 year olds in the last 4 weeks, 2012/13, showing significant changes since 2010/11 83 per cent of 11-15 year old children reported they had participated in some form of competitive sport in the last 12 months. 79 per cent had taken part in competitive sport in school, whilst 37 per cent had taken part outside of school...
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...children whom either play or want to play sports, I often find myself asking the question if being involved in sports beneficial to children. Some believe that the risk is not worth the reward. Sports are very physical and can potentially cause harm to children and their bodies. Many parents and coaches put a lot of emphasis on winning, which can lower a child’s self-esteem if they do not win. It would be safe to say that there are several negative aspects to children playing sports, but past experience and research shows that the positives of children playing sports far outweigh those negative aspects. Sports can have a positive impact on a child’s life and can help them grow as an athlete and a person, and a child that plays sports can benefit mentally, physically, academically, and socially. Playing team sports can provide mental and emotional benefits for a child in many ways. Playing sports as a child can build mental and emotional capacity through improving self-esteem, introducing teamwork, and teaching a child to be unselfish. Growing up as a person who played sports as both a child and adult, I have experienced these mental and emotional benefits and understand the value in playing sports. My mother once told me that it does not matter what you do in life as long as you are good at it, and it brings joy into your life. This quote has always stuck with me throughout my life, and I first used it when playing sports. The first team sport I started playing was baseball when...
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...Michael Buzzinotti BA 321 22 October 2012 Reflection Paper 2 Team work is one of the most important concepts of everyday life. A team is a group of individuals who strive to work together in order to achieve a common group goal (Janasz, Dowd, Schneider, 2012). The ability to be a team player can be applied in the business world, as well as many other aspects of life. Henry Ford once said, “Coming Together is a beginning; keeping together is a progress; working together is a success.” In my opinion, this means that there is a process in working collaboratively to reach an objective. Coming together and staying together are insignificant unless you’re able to work together and meet your objective. The first two parts of the quote are merely preparations in the process that will eventually lead to success if team work is demonstrated. Whether it is in my current social life or in the workplace, I’ve experienced team work on a daily basis. My most vivid memory of having to be a team player was in high school when I participated on the golf team, and eventually ended up leading it. I made varsity team as a freshman and was on the starting roster. Professional golf might be an individual sport, but in high school, it’s as much of a team sport as football or baseball. Not only did I rely on my team to do well, but they relied on me. There was always a team mate by your side during a round of golf, so strategies and advice were constantly being thrown back and forth to one another...
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...Team sport is sport activities that involve a group of individuals, divided into teams and work together to reach their ultimate goal, usually, the goal refers to win in a match or competition. Common examples of team sport are football, basketball, volleyball and so on. Team sport relies heavy on members working together effectively. Specifically, in a team, members communicate, solve conflicts and problem and make decisions. On one hand, individually, athletic needs to keep improving themselves through intense trainings. On the other hand, as a team, athletics need to cooperate with each other and achieving the best. Athletics need to deal different people. a) Among team members Corporation is an essential element in team sport. Attitudes can follow after behavior, this means cooperative actions, such as those performed by people on sports teams, feed mutual liking. Such attitudes, in turn, promote positive behavior. Not only will people sometimes stand up for what they believe, they will also to believe in what they have stood up for. However, if cooperative actions in the sports team are disturbed by the separate training sessions, the team members will feel distant from each other thus lead to the lack of confidence and feelings of worry even before the game starts. Mutual liking is important for good team cooperation and performance during the competition, if it cannot be well-established, the consequences will be seen in the results of games. Usually, a team...
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...Audience The primary audience for Lubbock Turf is people who are building new homes, homeowners that are updating and maintaining their landscape, and business owners opening a new location. The secondary audience would be neighbors of the homeowners that use Lubbock Turf to improve their lawn, anyone who is hired to water or cut the grass to keep it alive, and any patrons of a business that Lubbock Turf provides a service too. The secondary audience plays a big part in the promotion of Lubbock Turf because they see the services already implemented and want them also. Lubbock turf provides services to Lubbock and the surrounding areas. Understanding The knowledge of the audience of Lubbock Turf varies. A homeowner that is looking to sod their front or back yard isn’t going to need to do this that often, so they are just going to take the opinion of Lubbock Turf for that one time purchase. Contractors are some of Lubbock Turf’s returning customers who have a lot of knowledge about the grass. They buy it often, and for other people. They want to make sure they are making an educated purchase, so that they in turn don’t hurt their own business. Having an involvement with this returning customer base is beneficial for the audience and for Lubbock Turf. Demographics The customers range from their mid 20’s all the way to their 80’s. Most of the customers have at least a high school education. A large majority of the audience is the adult of a family. Males are more likely to purchase...
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...University Foundation Year 29-01-14 “Males do more sport than females ” HYPOTHESIS Nowadays, many people play sports due to the amount of advantages it have. Since we are kids sport plays an important role in our life, maybe because of the relation constructed between the person and the sport, and also there is always the success and the competitiveness. For example the 5 year old girl who work hard for be a professional gymnast in the future or a boy who want to be a NBA star. Although sports are very common between the world population there is a noticeable difference between the number of males and females playing sports. It is known that even nowadays, males are more used to play sports than females. Due to the inequalities in the socialization process through parents, media and school kids choose a particular way of life based on sex and gender, in my investigation I will show how and why women do less sport than men nowadays. LITERATURE REVIEW Much evidence indicates that men experienced an evolutionary history of physical competition, both one-on-one and in coalitions. We thus hypothesized that, compared to girls and women, boys and men will possess a greater motivational predisposition to be interested in sports, especially team sports. According to most scholars, advocacy groups, and the United States courts, however, this hypothesis is challenged by modest sex differences in organized school sports participation in the contemporary U.S., where females comprise...
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...Gender Equity in Sports Colleen Iardella American Military University Gender equity in sports describes an environment in which fair and equitable distribution of overall athletic opportunities, benefits, and resources is available to women and men and in which student athletes, coaches, and athletics administrators are not subject to gender-based discrimination. Title IX, passed in 1972 at the pinnacle of the women’s rights movement, banned sex discrimination in any federally financed education program. It threw into quick relief the imbalanced treatment of male and female athletes on college campuses. Ever since Congress passed the federal gender-equity law, universities have opened their gyms and athletic fields to millions of women who previously did not have chances to play. But as women have surged into a greater part on campus in recent years, many institutions have resorted to deception to make it look as if they are offering more sports to women. Throughout this paper I will discuss the issues of gender equity in sports. I will mention what equal opportunities women have to play sports and how they can develop the psychological, physiological and sociological impact from sports participation. Females are playing team sports more now than they were a decade ago and far more women will play team sports in the next decade. In the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association's (SGMA) study, the authors analyzed many team sports and the role that females...
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...Sports development is the development of sport from building facilities to the volunteer sector to the government deciding what root they want a sport to go down e.g. do they want to fight obesity or to produce elite athletes. “Sports development must be used to describe process, policies and practices that form an integral feature of the work involved in providing sporting opportunities ” (Hylton and Bramham, 2008:1). From what Hylton and Bramham have writte n when describing what sports development should be used for which is biased towards one side of sports development wh ich is sports development should be more for providing sporting opportunities instead of producing elite athletes. Th is is an excellent point! Providing sporting opportunities...
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...will be making justified recommendations to the sport of Badminton’s general reputation by using statistics of Australian Children’s participation with references to the individual, interpersonal and institutional levels of Figueroa’s framework. Figueroa’s Framework is a structural foundation developed by Professor Peter Figueroa. His theory focuses on the different factors affecting an individual with regards to participation in health and physical activity such as a person’s race. His framework investigates social factors such as Individual, Interpersonal, Institutional, Structural and Cultural level of influence, of which are all connected in one way or another. The Individual level focuses on the individual’s personal values,...
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...Barriers to participation for 3 target groups and all the stages of the sports participation pyramid I am going to explain the barriers to participation from 3 different target groups at each stage of the sport development pyramid. My 3 target groups are Over 50s, Women and Young people. Over 50s is a target group because there is more over 50s playing sport now than ever before, this is because people are living longer and wish to keep fit and active. Young people is a target group because if people can get young kids active and give them a chance to do sport at a young age then it is more likely that they will carry on with sport and go up through the sports participation pyramid. Women is a target group because although traditionally women participate less in sport, the number of women in sport has gone up in the past few years. From 2005 to 2008 the overall women participating in sport went up from 2.57 Million to 2.81 Million (12.3% increase). Also more women are playing male dominated sport like Rugby and Football. Target group 1 – Over 50s At the foundation stage for Over 50s there is not any facility’s that will teach the basic skills for a sport. For most sports such as Crown green Bowling participants will go straight into the participation stage. In the participation stage for Over 50s a barrier would be cost of travel. If a person cannot drive then the cost of the buss maybe too much and if it is too far to walk the participant may have to stop playing...
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...Sports, Youth and Character: A Critical Survey Robert K. Fullinwider* Institute for Philosophy & Public Policy University of Maryland * rkf@umd.edu CIRCLE WORKING PAPER 44 FEBRUARY 2006 CIRCLE Working Paper 44: February 2006 Sports, Youth and Character: A Critical Survey TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION....................................... 3 a. methodological limitations..................... 4 b. conceptual and theoretical infelicities...... 5 II. THE LESSONS OF SPORT......................... 5 III. BASICS................................................ 6 a. too much too early?.............................. 8 b. competition’s role understood ............... 11 c. competition, participation, and fun......... 12 d. not enough?........................................ 14 IV. WHAT CAN WE CONCLUDE?.................... 15 V. THE MICROWORLD OF PARTICIPATION...... 17 VI. APPENDIX A......................................... 19 a. Shields and Bredemeier...................... 19 a.1. moral maturity: what are psychologists looking for?............ 22 a.2. game thinking............................. 24 a.3. moral confusion........................... 25 b. Stoll, Lumpkin, Beller, and Hahm.............. 27 It has been recognized for centuries that sport can contribute to education values that make for the development of character and right social relations . . . . [Within this contribution] there are many intertwined and interwoven threads of influences...
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...Factors that Shape Policies in Sports Development in the UK Communities. Name + Code: Professor’s Name: University’s Name: State/City: In the community, sports seem to be a form of utilizing leisure time. Apart from being a form of recreation, it is also a profession activity. Thus, it is a common phenomenon to see teenagers as well adults engaging in sports activities such as football, swimming, hockey, and running. Sports have a number of benefits to the community that tend to help the teenagers and the adults. For instance, it keeps young people busy; thus, they do not have time to engage in drug abuse and crime. The frequent exercises often improve the physical health of the population; thus, they avoid diseases such as obesity (Coalter, 2007). Such benefits need the intervention of the government to improve the state of the sporting facilities. Therefore, the government must establish policies that will ensure efficiency in the sports department. Such policies will go ahead and improve the state of sports in the community level. The essence of improving sports at the ground level is to tap the talent of the youngsters (DCMS, 2008). A wide pool of talent will ensure success of the country in international sports activities. A number of factors such as employment, engagement, investment as well as the countries prestige tend to encourage policy development in sports. In essence, such factors tend to shape policy developments in community sports (Coalter, 2007). Although everyone...
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...Do you think people should get participation trophy’s just for being in the sport? Yes and no, many people will agree and disagree. In this essay, I will be discussing the pros and cons of having a participation trophy. Trophies can have a positive effect on someone more than a negative effect. Having children get participation trophies could be helping them in many ways. Some of those ways would be like getting involved in a new sport. Maybe someone just wants to try a new sport they can do that and still get rewarded for there hard work. Also, getting these trophies will help them build up confidence. If a team is genuinely bad at the sport they love they can also get a trophy s they know they are putting in hard work. If a child feels discouraged the first time playing a sport and doesn’t get any award they will feel more obligated to try someone thing else instead of improving in the sport. Overall having a positive attitude and outlook will help the participating trophies be meaningful....
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...Amendments of 1972. Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 is the landmark legislation that bans sex discrimination in schools, whether it is in academics or athletics. It states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance" (Storm 320). Before Title IX, few opportunities existed for female athletes. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), which was created in 1906 to format and enforce rules in men’s football but had become the ruling body of college athletics, offered no athletic scholarships for women and held no championships for women’s teams. Furthermore, facilities, supplies and funding were lacking. As a result, in 1972 there were just 30,000 women participating in NCAA sports, as opposed to 170,000 men (Simon 92). Title IX applies to educational institutions that receive any federal funds and prohibits discrimination in all educational programs and activities. Athletic programs are considered educational programs and activities. Title IX gives women athletes the right to equal opportunity in sports in educational institutions that receive federal funds, from elementary schools to colleges and universities (Poertner 92). There are three parts to Title IX as it applies to athletics programs: (1) effective accommodation of student...
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...self: Implications for organized youth sport programs George Herbert Mead was a noted social psychologist who taught at the University of Chicago in the 1930s. He is famous for his theory of the self in which he used the game of baseball to illustrate the complexity of the relationship between the individual and the social environment. In his theory he explained that the social and conceptual abilities required to fully comprehend relationships between different positions in a complex game were similar to the abilities required in the role taking processes that underlie all social relationships and, ultimately, serve as the basis for all social order in society. My own interests in social psychology and the self has led me to use Mead’s theory to (1) understand the process through which sport participation affects the behavior and development of young people, and (2) describe and set the limits of what can be expected from the children in organized youth sport programs. Interaction, the Self, Role Taking, and Participation in Organized Team Sports Mead states that people or selves, as he chooses to call them, are the products of social interaction. "The self,” he said, “is essentially a social structure, and it arises in social experiences (1934: 140). He also explained that the development of the self occurs as people interact with others and learn to give meaning to their experiences. In the case of youth sport participation this means that children are influenced...
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