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Website Migration Project
What is information architecture (IA)?
Information architecture (IA) refers to the structure or organization of your website. It describes the ways in which the different pages of your site relate to one another and ensures information is organized in a consistent and predictable way on each page. It involves steps such as: 1. assessing existing and needed content, 2. organizing the pages, 3. providing clues to help use the site efficiently, and 4. developing navigational structure
The website architect needs to have a solid understanding of usability, in-depth knowledge of web development tools, online marketing technologies, and everything else involved in the construction and maintenance of a website. The following are the general overview of website architecture process:
1: Project Brief- Gathering the needed data from the client and your team can usually take 2 days figuring out the information in the architecture process. Info such as Determine Goals and Expected Outcomes, Brainstorm with the Client, Client Idea Summary, Determine the Target Audience, Determine Competitors, Meet the Decision Makers.
2: Website Goal Definition- The goals define the direction of the entire website production process.
3: Define the Target Audience- This stage involves researching the target audience. We need to identify what types of users will go to the site, and also define the needs of each group. This involves gather characteristics data, define socio-demographic characteristics, define psychological characteristics, and define wants/needs characteristics.
4: Competitor Analysis- To ensure the success of the project, you need to know your competitors and have good ideas on how to get ahead of them. You should discover their strong points and weak points.
5: Scenario Mapping- Scenario mapping is the stage dedicated to revealing possible user flows. Scenarios help reveal weak points in our existing ideas and knowledge. Scenarios also help the website architect develop good user flows later on. There are occasions when migrating a website is unavoidable – the site may have outgrown its existing hosting or the hosting company might have become unreliable. A common issue in this situation is the time taken for a domain name to fully switch IP addresses. Here we take a look at how to minimize this transition time.
Moving a static site or one with infrequently updated content is fairly straightforward: duplicate the site on the new host, update the DNS, wait for all DNS servers to update then switch off the old server. However, this tried and tested method doesn’t work so well for a transactional site or one with user-generated content – here it is critical that data stays consistent so we can’t tolerate a situation where we don’t know which version of the site a user will be directed to.
In this case, the old host will need to display a ’503 temporarily unavailable’ page as soon as the DNS change is made, in order to prevent database or file system changes being made, and to ensure data integrity. For a commercial site, a potential 48-hour period of unavailability for some customers (dependent on DNS caching) will not be acceptable. Fortunately, this transition time can be reduced using something known as the TTL (time to live). TTL instructs DNS servers how long they may cache DNS records for and by setting this to a lower value we can ensure faster propagation (a drawback is greater server load and increased access times so this setting should be restored when the process is complete).
Step 1: Duplicate your Site:- Set up your website on the new server and copy the existing data. You can check that all is in order by temporarily adding your website’s new IP address to your hosts file (e.g. c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts on windows) and visiting the site in your browser.
Step 2: Prepare for DNS change: Firstly you will need to make sure that your DNS provider allows the TTL to be adjusted on A records – some do not. If yours doesn’t, you may be able to switch provider. In this case you’ll need to duplicate all DNS settings with the new provider, switch the name servers at your registrar, then wait 48 hours to be sure that all clients are pointing at the new servers.
Plan a time when you will make the migration. At least 48 hours before this time, update the TTL on the record you wish to move to 3600 seconds (1 hour). After 2 days you can assume that all DNS servers will now be caching your IP for only one hour. Two hours before migration, visit your domain name control panel again and adjust the TTL down to 300 (5 mins). Wait another two hours.
Step 3: Make the switch: The quicker you can carry out these steps, the better! 1) Switch your site to maintenance mode (replace with a 503 page) on the old server. 2) Perform final synchronization of file system and database, to ensure that everything gets copied. 3) Update your DNS to point to the new server’s IP address.
Step 4: Tidy up: After you’re confident that the DNS has fully transitioned (which should only take 10 minutes) you can switch off the old server and reinstate the TTL to its original value. Login to cPanel and obtain compressed backups of website files and database information. cPanel will break down the available backups by type. A full-site backup is available; they should download that file so that it can be uploaded to a different host later. There will also be backup files specific to every subdomain within the website. These are generally optional, since the full website backup will contain all of that information, but to be safe, you can download these as well. In a separate area on the same backup downloads page, customers can secure a compressed backup of every MySQL database individually. Each database should be downloaded in its compressed format. These will be uploaded to the new server to create matching database names at a later time.
Evaluating alternatives to the company self-hosting the site.
Self-hosting website is popularly known as do it yourself. It is cheap; it’s the easiest route to a Web site. They usually don't require any technical knowledge to build. But it is limited to flexibility, can’t accommodate complex scripts. Having a web hosting account with third party is what I called True Web hosting. This allows you to build your own Web site, upload pages with sophisticated functionality, and modifies your site in almost limitless ways and includes a set amount of data transfer traffic from your computer to the host's server, so you can upload entire pages, images, multimedia files, or change existing pages. You can easily integrate e-commerce software into your site (some hosting companies even provide it with your account). But this flexibility doesn't come cheap. http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/website-migration-guide/ http://www.intelligentpositioning.com http://www.iisd.org/sdcn/webworks/ia/planning.htm http://www.register.com/newsletters/articles/webbusiness/self-hosted_site_builders_vs_web_hosting_accounts.rcmx

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