...GROUP 1 THEORIES AND APPROACHES OF ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Classical Organizational Theory Four Principles: 1. Organization exists for economic reasons and to achieve productivity goal. 2. Scientific analysis will devise and orchestrate methods for production. 3. Specialization and strategic deployment of labor will maximize production. 4. Both employees and the organization act in accordance with rational economic principles. Bureaucracy Fundamentally the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge Division of Labor - each position has its own set of responsibilities Traditional Organizational Hierarchy - represents a top down organizational structure. Delegation of authority - work is distributed to a defined responsible participant. Span of Control- neutralizes workforce delegation in equal basis. Humanistic Organization Theory The theory of organizational humanism emphasizes the use of intrinsic motivation to grow personnel qualifications, thereby increasing the economic efficiency of an organization. This theory stresses the need to formulate management goals, which incorporate humanistic values. Open System Theory This theory drives a constant feedback cycle of lessons learned to drive continuous improvement efforts. - Open system is also known as constant volume system and flow system - A system which continuously interacts with its environment or surroundings. The interaction can take the form of information, energy, or material transfers...
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...successful marketing plan and strategy. In same time helps businesses and brand to become well-recognized and trusted therefore by developing a good marketing plan can help businesses increase recognition and sales. Building trust is an excellent idea as well as having good marketing techniques in place which helps in starting to develop good recognition. Of course every business wants recognition that will help develop trust because having trust will certainly inspire people to put their faith in your product or services and select you over your competitors. Therefore, in order to build trust you must come up with good marketing techniques that will differentiate your business from your competitors. Gain new customers is another excellent marketing technique that not only helps in building recognition and trust, but also helps more with gaining customers and clients. For example, marketing a business services or products will certainly help in gaining brand recognition, which in time will lead to more people wanting your products and services. In same time if you are unsure that you are getting new customers simply place a way to track it. This will certainly become easy in asking new customers how they heard about your business, services, or products. Build relationships is the far most important of them all. Once already develop recognition and trust and begin getting new customers and continue on marketing your business and targeting your present customers. This...
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...Management science techniques can be applied only to business and military organizations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: scientific approach, problem solving 3) Once management scientist makes his or her decision and recommendation to management, then typically, his or her involvement with the problem is finished. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 6 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: management science, management scientist 4) A variable is a value that is usually a coefficient of a parameter in an equation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: variable 5) Parameters are known, constant values that are usually coefficients of variables in equations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: parameter 6) Data are pieces of information from the problem environment. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: data 7) A model is a mathematical representation of a problem situation including variables, parameters, and equations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: model, management science techniques 8) A management science technique usually applies...
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...Management science techniques can be applied only to business and military organizations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: scientific approach, problem solving 3) Once management scientist makes his or her decision and recommendation to management, then typically, his or her involvement with the problem is finished. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 6 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: management science, management scientist 4) A variable is a value that is usually a coefficient of a parameter in an equation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: variable 5) Parameters are known, constant values that are usually coefficients of variables in equations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: parameter 6) Data are pieces of information from the problem environment. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: data 7) A model is a mathematical representation of a problem situation including variables, parameters, and equations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3 Main Heading: The Management Science Approach to Problem Solving Key words: model, management science techniques 8) A management science technique usually applies...
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...Team Building There are many things may arise in the workplace that can cause conflict between employees and negatively affect the production or quality of work. In this paper I will give a summary of an article called becoming an evidence based HR practitioner. This article is relevant to this paper because it gives background on how to address issues in the workplace, using evidence based solutions. Also, I have chosen to focus on team building exercises and how they affect employees in the workplace. I will include evidence to support my argument whether or not this is a useful technique. Becoming an Evidence-Based HR Practitioner Becoming an evidenced based HR practitioner was a very insightful article to read. The article described EBHR as a decision making process that combines critical thinking and scientific evidence along with business information. It also informs the reader how to get started as an EBHR practitioner. The key aspect to EBHR is to actively manage professional decisions. This involves making decisions using practices supported by high research. The article also includes step by step set of approaches to becoming an evidence based HR practitioner. It offers guidance for evidence- based practice the article underscores the connection between effective practice and organizational research. Team Building and Employee Relationships The question I decided to focus on was “Do team building exercises improve relationships among...
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...behavioral contour, and unconscious verbal/nonverbal patterns in order to understand the way information is being perceived, processed and acted upon by the individual and how he interact with his environment including the human factor. It is continuously being probed for its impact over successful human interactions and relationship. Usage of NLP in business world is still unexplored in certain aspects. This research paper is meant to study the impact of appropriate NLP techniques over the relationships that typically exist between managers and subordinates. Using a survey questionnaire, data is being collected from employees of a variety of organizations and found out that though mostly, NLP is unconsciously applied in managerial sector, it does play its role in improving the perceived manager-subordinate relationship, through improving the trustworthiness of the managers and the social bonding that exist between the managers and their subordinates. NLP also impacts to a lesser degree upon the feedback process and participative management style of the manager. Currently managers give more credit to importance of NLP techniques in better relationship building than the subordinates. Therefore, the awareness regarding NLP must be increased and other significant aspects of the concept should be explored to be able to judges its true compatibility in business world. Further, the ethical aspects of NLP application should also be pondered about to avoid any ethical concern to exist...
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...Assessment activity 3.1 P1 How marketing techniques are used in two organizations In this assessment I will describe how marketing techniques are used to market products in two organizations. I choose Lexus and Hawk knitwear. Lexus is the luxury vehicle division of Toyota. It was first introduced in 1989 in the United States. It is now sold globally and it is the largest-selling make of premium cars. Lexus Marketing techniques Lexus is one of the largest luxury vehicle division, so they have to keep up their good work. It is very important to develop new cars every 2 years. They need to develop extra tools for the car, that you can buy when you already have a car, or which you can get as a gift when you buy a new car. Diversification is an important thing at Lexus, because they have business clients and private clients. Each client will have another special thing they want and Lexus has to fulfill their expectations. Brand building and positioning Lexus started in 1989, in the United States of America. It all begun with the question; can we create a luxury vehicle to challenge world’s best? Toyota started a top secret project, F1 and when they finished the project, the Lexus LS400 was developed. It was a great success and now, several years later, Lexus is still the best in the luxury vehicle division. Since they start focusing on hybrid cars in 2011, the only became bigger in Europe. They build up a luxurious car brand, which is still known for all the luxury...
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...introduce low price shoes-its impact on its current image and market? Topics Technique Introduction Brand Standing Brand Awareness Brand World Brand Personification User Imagery House Building Brand Value and core Essence Bucket Technique Connect Relationship INTRODUCTION 1. Can you please tell us something about yourself? Your hobbies, your interests etc. 6 What factor act as a deterrent when choosing Nike? 7 Have you given your mobile numbers/email id to Nike store for more offer updates? 8 Have you heard about 'Nike' introducing 'Flip flops'? 9 Which kind of new footwear segment should 'Nike' introduce? Brand awareness 10 When did you start using Nike? 11 What do you know about the brand 'Nike'? 12 What comes to your mind when your hear name 'Nike' ? 13 Do you consider 'Nike' to be a local or foreign company and how much it matters to you? 14 Do you think 'Nike' is advertising enough? Brand world 15 Close your eyes imagine a world 'Nike' 16 Describe the place, what does it look like 17 What are the cars, buildings, people you see there? 18 What gender of people do you find more? 19 What clothes are they wearing? Brand Personification 20 Imagine Nike as a person who is coming to your house? 21 Describe him, what is he wearing, how does he behave ,is he good looking, what kind of relationship will you prefer to have with him/her? User imagery 22 Imagine...
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...Management Theorists have tried to form general principles of management, which could be applied to all business and organisations. Based on your own experience of working in an organisation, use one management theoretical approach that you have studied to explain how the organisation was structured and how it functioned. Your essay should also address how this theoretical approach can be used to analyse the effectiveness of the organisation and achieving its goals? The author of this assignment firstly will give a definition of management in order for the reader to understand the key element of this assignment. This assignment will give a brief outline of the history of management theory while also giving a detailed explanation of these management theories. The assignment will then describe the organisation briefly and its main function using the organisations mission statement to do so. The assignment will then show which management theory is used in the organisation and will give examples of when these theories are applied. This will give the reader a better understanding of how the organisation functions whilst relating theory to practice. “Management is concerned with planning, organising, coordinating, commanding or controlling the activities of staff” McKimm & Phillips, (2010). According to Cole (1996), developments in management originated with practising managers as well as social scientists. In recent times it has been academics or management consultants...
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...There are many factors that contribute to the long-term success of a business. One that comes to mind is building and maintaining lasting customer relationships. Whether a business recognizes it or not the relationship you have with your customer ultimately determines your success. Establishing customer relationship is not easy, but once it’s established the benefits are endless. One of the key factors in building a customer relationship is listening. Listening is vital in any relationship. Consistently listen to your customer’s needs and let them know you appreciate their feedback. A company should always encourage its customers to provide them with honest feed back. Building a rapport also plays a role in building lasting customer relationships. Learn about your customer’s needs and wants. There’s a reason why they sought out to do business with you rather than your competitors. Let them know you value them, and appreciate their business. Consistency also plays a major role in maintaining lasting customer relationships. Most companies fail to provide the same level of customer service to loyal customers, because they’re too busy trying to obtain new customers. If you maintain the same level of customer service, its guaranteed they will return for more. Creating rewards programs for your loyal customers encourages them to spend more. According to global management consulting firm Bain and...
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...Linear Space, Linear Change, Euclid Space No.5 Descriptive Geometry and Mechanical Graphing Descriptive Geometry and Shadows, Perspective Drawing, Projection Standard, Axis Measure Chart Fundamentals of Architectural Design No.6 Building Materials This course teaches the nature, purpose, method of preparation and use, as well as civil engineering materials testing and quality control methods, and to understand the relationship between material properties and materials engineering structures, as well as ways to improve performance. Through this course, you should be able to reasonable selection of materials for different projects, and to work closely with the follow-up courses to understand the relationship between the material and the design parameters and construction measures chosen. No. 7 Metrology Construction Engineering Mechanics measure is specialized elective courses. Every stage of construction, are inseparable from survey work, should work as a pilot to measure. Therefore, any person engaged in engineering and construction technicians must master the knowledge and skills necessary measurements. Construction surveying measurements are an integral part. It is the study of architectural engineering disciplines in theory, techniques and methods of survey and design, construction and management phases of work undertaken by the various measurements. No. 8 Theoretical Mechanics Statistics, Rigid Body Kinematics, Particle Dynamics, Momentum Theorem, Momentum Square...
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...Personal Model of Helping Robert Wheeler BSHS/312 January 28, 2013 Dr. Elizabeth Jorgensen Personal Model of Helping Introduction Within the magnitude of psychotherapy are various approaches taken to get to the end of a clinical relationship in a successful manner. The ultimate goal of therapy is to remove any barriers within the range of the therapists’ education and skill, thus making the linchpin of recovery a split responsibility between the client and clinician. However, in order to assist a client in restoring purpose and meaning to their life; the clinician uses many strategies, approaches, and techniques to begin the process. Using an array of tools from different systems and models does not hinder but helps the process move forward in a successful direction. The model most likely to be used personally is the Reality Therapy model. Choice Theory is a personal favorite because it can assist a client or participant in living a happier, healthier, and constructive lifestyle in a short period of time. Within this model it is noted that most cases of misery or dysfunction are directly related to the unhappy relationships that individuals carry with other people. Because of this, it is important to learn how to give up the external locus of control and only controlling themselves. In return, this opens up several doors in different aspects of living a satisfying lifestyle triumphantly, giving treatment an opportunity to become a win-win situation. Personal Viewpoint ...
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...Basic Techniques in Marriage and Family Counseling and Therapy. ERIC Digest. The area of marriage and family counseling/therapy has exploded over the past decade. Counselors at all levels are expected to work effectively with couples and families experiencing a wide variety of issues and problems. Structural, strategic, and transgenerational family therapists at times may seem to be operating alike, using similar interventions with a family. Differences might become clear when the therapist explains a certain technique or intervention. Most of today's practicing family therapists go far beyond the limited number of techniques usually associated with a single theory. TECHNIQUES The following select techniques have been used in working with couples and families to stimulate change or gain greater information about the family system. Each technique should be judiciously applied and viewed as not a cure, but rather a method to help mobilize the family. The when, where, and how of each intervention always rests with the therapist's professional judgment and personal skills. THE GENOGRAM The genogram, a technique often used early in family therapy, provides a graphic picture of the family history. The genogram reveals the family's basic structure and demographics. (McGoldrick & Gerson, 1985). Through symbols, it offers a picture of three generations. Names, dates of marriage, divorce, death, and other relevant facts are included in the genogram. It provides an enormous amount...
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...assignment * Explain what branding means and why it is important for an organisations and its products * Explain the marketing techniques available for Growth (Ansoff Matrix) and Survival (Branding, Brand building/ Positioning, Brand extension, Relationship/Transactional Marketing) 2.0 Product 1 * Choose one product or service from two different organisations * For your product 1 write a: * brief description of what it is and the business that is marketing it * Explain their Aims and objectives E.g. Public sector (Improve or provide range of ), Private sector (Survival or growth) * Explain their Marketing objectives e.g., (Market leadership, Brand awareness, Perception) * Link the organisational and marketing objective Marketing Techniques * Explain what type of marketing techniques are used for your product 1 you have chosen: why are they used : give examples Branding * Explain how your product 1 is branded – how is the image created: What advertising is used: What type of image is created: why is that advertising used: why is a particular celebrity used for that product: give example, give print screens of the advert and explain why it is advertised like this: Do you think the branding is successful: explain why Brand Building * Explain how the organisation creates brand building for its products – promotion used: sponsorship of who or what event: The logo: the advertising slogan: Relation/Transactional marketing...
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...their attitudes and behaviors in directions consistent with the team’s purpose. * Ability to turn a general sense of purpose into specific performance objectives. * Standards for measuring results and obtaining performance feedback * Willingness to help group members understand the need for collective vs. individual efforts. THE TEAM BUILDING PROCESS When newly founded, work groups and teams must master challenges as members come together and begin the process of growing and working together as they pass through the various stages of group development. Team building is a sequence of planned activities designed to gather and analyze data on the functioning of a group and to initiate changes designed to improve teamwork and increase group effectiveness. Team building is participatory and data based. The goal of team building is to get good answers to such questions as: 1. “How well are we doing in terms of task accomplishment.” 2. “How satisfied are we as individual members with the group and the way it operates?” TEAM-BUILDING ALTERNATIVES Formal retreat approach ¾ team building takes place during an off-site “retreat” that may last from one to several days with group members working intensively on a variety of assessment and planning tasks. Outdoor experience approach ¾ this approach places group members in a variety of physically challenging situations that must be mastered through teamwork, not individual work. Continuous...
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