...created Polytetrafluoroethylene also known as Teflon in 1938 after receiving his PhD in organic chemistry and took job with DuPont in Jackson, New Jersey. Dr. Roy was appointed to work on finding a non-toxic substitute refrigerant other than ammonia and sulfur dioxide. [1] Teflon was accidently invented when Dr. Roy and his assistant, Jack Rebok, were experimenting with one of the potential refrigerants; tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and he consequently produced around 100 lbs of gas and stored them in cylinders. Upon opening the valve after few days even though the cylinder was full when weighed nothing was coming out as the gas inside the cylinder was solidified. Dr. Roy and his assistant decided to cut the cylinder into half and once they managed to open the cylinder they discovered that the gas in the cylinder had been converted into a white waxy powder...
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...Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA or C8). The dumping of PFOA and other toxic is chemicals into the environment is a prominent issue both in the United States and globally. PFOA for example, will cycle through the earth’s biosphere almost indefinitely. The carelessness of DuPont chemicals has resulted in the illegal dumping of PFOA, and extremely toxic chemical, into a landfill. The PFOA seeped into the ground and drained into waterways adjacent to the landfill, poisoning it all; and it continued to spread. This resulted in the spread of cancer and other sickness. In recent years there has been a class action suit against DuPont for the effect their dumping has had on certain regions, primarily the effect of drinking water. I propose that people boycott teflon ridden products, and send letters to their elected officials regarding this issue, that could help the government should step in, and make sure that the use of safe PFOA alternatives is forced upon chemical companies. With frequent check ups, and for more severe consequences for using/dumping PFOA or similar chemicals, the amount of PFOA in the environment would cease to increase. In this paper I will be talking about the various causes, effects, and possible solution to the dumping of PFOA. Illegal and ineffective disposal of hazardous chemicals by large corporate companies is a major environmental issue both locally and internationally. The addition of toxic chemicals to the environment negatively affects the biosphere in many ways, ranging...
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...having some adverse effects on humans. Plastics contain Phthalates, chemicals that make plastic flexible. It’s a common occurrence for this to be used for the food industry, as well as beauty products, and pesticide, to name a few. Research has shown that phthalates have been connected to things such as cancer, premature birth, asthma, and a host of other medical issues. Being that phthalates aren’t bonded chemically to the plastic, they can easily move on from the plastic. An example of a product that used quite frequently is Teflon cookware. Nonstick cookware is something that most aren’t aware that can have an ill effect on them. When you heat a nonstick pan at a high temperature, the fumes cause something called Teflon flu. This can cause humans to get flu like symptoms. Teflon has been linked to cancer and organ damage (The Effects of Plastic Bags on the Waterways) (Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends) (Teflon Flu). 3. One of the ways that I would encourage co-workers to cut back on the solid waste generated is by reducing the amount of paper that is used. The EPA has estimated that approximately 40 percent of the garbage that is generated comes from paper or paperboard. Nationally over 700 trillion tons of paper is used annually in the US, so based on these two factors, this is a good area of reduction to focus on. Some ways to reduce the amount of paper used is to only print something when absolutely necessary. When printing,...
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...Objectives This lab helps students to understand the drag on objects in a fluid with the same Reynolds number. We select spheres of different masses and diameters to get a wide range for Reynolds number. We also compare the values found in literature to the values calculated through experiment to determine experimental uncertainty. Keeping all in mind our main objective is to design an experiment to reduce uncertainty. Background and Theory When a dense particle falls through a fluid of lesser density, the gravitational force F_g causing the particle to fall is opposed by a buoyancy force F_b and a drag force F_d as shown in figure 1. If the particle falls at a constant velocity the forces can be expressed as- F_g= F_d+F_b………(1) We know that gravitational force F_g is given by F_g=mg= ρ_s Vg =(1/6)nD^3 ρ_p g………(2) The buoyance force can be derived as the following with the Archimedes Principle taken onto account F_b=(1/6)nD^3 ρ_L g………(3) We can solve for drag force F_d by combining the values of F_(b )& F_g in equation (1), which gives us F_d=(1/6) nD^3 g(ρ_p- ρ_L )………(4) The drag force is a function of 4 independent variables F_d=f (D,V,ρ,μ) where V is the velocity and μ is dynamic Viscosity of the fluid. From Buckingham Pi Theorem we get the value of C_d, which is a dimensionless quantity known as drag coefficient. Drag coefficient is a function of Reynolds number and is given by C_d= F_d/(1/2 ρ_L V^2 π D^2/4)………(5) The Reynolds number is defined as ...
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...Have you ever wondered why, despite the billions of dollars spent on cancer research over many decades, and the constant promise of a cure which is forever "just around the corner", cancer continues to increase? Especially when According to the International Agency for Research in Cancer "...80-90 per cent of human cancer is determined environmentally and thus theoretically avoidable." Hi my name is Spenser Grandstaff and today I would like to present some startling information and talk to you about the corruption of the cancer industry and how it affects all of us. A top medical doctor recently came out and said conventional cancer doctors regularly lie about success rates, and the system is designed to steer patients toward the most expensive treatment possible. This wasn’t just any doctor. It was Otis Brawley, head of the American Cancer Society — the very heart of the cancer treatment establishment. He said unproven cancer treatments are in widespread use across the U.S. And he wasn’t’ talking about natural or alternative treatments. He was referring to things like PSA exams and chemotherapy. A colleague of mr brawley was Dr. John Bailer, who spent 20 years on the staff of the U.S. National Cancer Institute and was editor of its journal. He said "My overall assessment is that the national cancer programme must be judged a qualified failure" Dr. Bailer also says: "The five year survival statistics of the American Cancer Society are very misleading. They now count...
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...We discard the supernatant and we again resuspend the pellet in ice cold buffer following another one centrifugation at 10.000 g. The pellet that we will collect after that will be resuspended in ice cold mitochondrial resuspension buffer (MRB) using a loose fitting glass/ Teflon Potter Elvehjem homogenizer. Then for the fractionation we add Percoll (a media for density gradient centrifugation cells) in a Polyallomer ultracentrifuge tubes. On top of the percoll we add the suspension of the mitochondria and on top of that MRB solution until we fill we reach about 5 mm below the top of the tube. We centrifuge at 95.000 g for 30 minutes using a Beckman Coultr Optima L-100 XP Ultracentrifuge (AW40 rotor, Beckman, Fullerto). In the end of the centrifugation we will get a dense layer at the bottom containing pure mitochondria, in addition another one layer will appear above the mitochondria containing mitochondrial associated membranes (MAM). We can collect the pure mitochondria layer using Pasteur pipette and...
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...Dear Sir, We are Introducing CAR GLOW for Cars First Time in UAE, PAINT SEALANT PROTECTION WITH PTFE-TEFLON, IMPORTED FROM ADVANCE CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. (U.S.A). CAR GLOW PAINT SEALANT Car Glow Paint Sealant with PTFE-Teflon (Imported from Advance Chemical Technology, Inc. U.S.A.) represents a breakthrough in appearance technology. PTFE has the lowest coefficient of friction (0.02) known to man. PTFE is the “slipperiest substance known”. It’s equivalent to wet ice on wet ice. This non-abrasive sealant is guaranteed to make your finish smoother than you ever dreamed possible. 1. Car Glow brings a deep luster that is unsurpassed by any other product available. 2. Car Glow will last longer than popular car polishes you may have used in the past. 3. Car Glow totally eliminates the need to wax or polish your vehicle (Cars, Trucks, Buses, Bikes, etc.) 4. Car Glow Paint Protection removes oxidized paint, minor scratches including brake dust spot, industrial fallout and swirl marks. 5. Car Glow will increase performance by reducing drag. 6. Protected paint is unbelievably easy to clean and keep looking showroom new! 7. Car Glow seals and protects your car’s finish from intense sun rays, acid rain, road salt, bird mucks, industrial fallout, fading and oxidizing. 8. Car Glow extends the service life of paint. SERVICES OFFERED DURING SEALANT PROTECTION a. Car wash with car shampoo specially made for protection by AutoCare. b. Buffing with machine to clean your car with...
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...David Chavez Arturo Huipe Chem 221B Lab January 20, 2016 Experiment 1: Introduction to Microscale (Option A) 1. Weigh a 3-mL conical vial with the screw cap and Teflon insert on a scale. Weight it to the nearest milligram (nearest 0.001 g) 2. Use the automatic pipette and get 0.500 mL of water and put it into the vial, replace the cap assembly (with the insert arranged Teflon side down), and weigh the vial a second time. 3. Find the weight of water dispensed. 4. Determine the density of water. Do the experiment again using 0.500 mL of hexane. Through any excess of hexane in the correct disposal. 5. Determine the density of hexane. The density of water is 0.997 g/mL, and the density of hexane is 0.660 g/mL at room temperature. Experiment 2: Solubility (Options A-D)...
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...John Joseph Gotti, whom would be later nicknamed “Teflon Don” and “Dapper Don,” was born on October 27, 1940 in the Bronx, New York. Who would have thought on that cold and blustery day that the baby boy, son of a construction worker and one of six boys, would someday be considered by both the Mafia and prosecutors alike, to be the most important “godfather” in American crime through the 1990s? The “boss of bosses” so to speak. John Gotti’s parents were both poor Italian immigrants, whose only income was from his father’s laborious and unpredictable position as a construction worker. They had 13 children, of which John was the fifth. The whole family moved often and finally settled in East New York. At that time (late 40s) East New York was known for its youth gang activity. The area supported thriving Mafia activities and was a breeding ground for Mob hit squads. It was also the former stomping grounds of gangster’s such as Bugsy Siegell. At about age 12, Gotti became an errand boy for a sketchy neighborhood club ran by Carmina Fatico, who was a captain in the Gambino family. The Gambino family was the biggest of the five Mafia families in New York City. During Gotti’s activities running errands for the club, he met his life-long mentor, Aniello Dellacroce. At this same time he joined a gang called the Fulton-Rockaway Boys. This youth gang was infamous for their carjacking’s and robberies. Once, when Gotti, age 14, was trying to steal a cement mixer for the gang, his toes...
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...Assane DIOUF MBA-Bronx Campus MG- 800 Case 4 : WL Gore Introduction W.L. Gore started as a small company in their basement and has grown into a giant manufacturer with the company’s products being used globally in almost all sectors, including automotive, aerospace, chemical processing, electronic, manufacturing, healthcare, military, and textile industries. W. L Gore and Associates is best known around the world for producing high performance fabrics, medical products and electronics using polytetrafluorethylene; an artificial fiber referred to as PTFE. The company was founded by Wilbert L. Gore (Bill) and Genevieve Gore in 1958 after Bill left his job at DuPont. Today, W.L. Gore with the guidance of the Gore Family is renowned for not only the products that they produce, but also for their unique culture and design that has set the pace for which others such as Google try to emulate Swot The first and most apparent strength of the W.L. Gore company is its diversity of products. The company is able to market to a variety of industries on a global level, including electronics, medical industry, IT, aeronautics, and telecommunications. This diversity affords the company some protection financially should there be any negativity in a given market segment. Another important strength of the company is its strong growth and financial performance over the long-term. According to the information presented, it has been profitable for 37 years and has consistently ranked...
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...(Federal Aviation Administration) on September 30, 1998 started to require the installation of shielding and separation of the electrical wiring of the FQIS wiring located outside the fuel tanks in 747 aircrafts. Unfortunately, the Safety Board did not believe that wire separation and shielding alone would protect against this concern. During the investigation of TWA flight 800, the FAA determined that an environment conducive to vibration existed in the conduit and wire bundles of the fuel boost pumps and the auxiliary fuel tank jettison pumps. Due to this could cause abrasion of the Teflon sleeving and subsequent abrasion of the wires in the bundles. On January 21, 1997, the FAA issued AD 96-26-06 which required the removal of wires from conduits in all 747s’. On December 29, 1997 the AD 97-26-07 required the inspection of the auxiliary fuel tank jettison pumps as well as of the wiring and Teflon sleeves in conduit for the 1 & 4 main fuel tanks. Also to help aid this issue Boeing redesigned their airplanes with directed ventilation. This would cost them over 3.5 billion over a 10-year period. After this catastrophic event with flight 800 family and friends wanted to do something in memory of the lives that were lost. On July 17, 2002 TWA Flight 800 Families Association designed the memorial. This memorial would help heal those touched by this tragedy with bewilderment, reflection and comfort. The one and a half acre memorial is located at Smith Point Park in Shirley, Long Island...
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...As a manufacturing engineer , I also in charge on choosing the right material to be use on the car , for the wheels of the car , I decided to use teflon wheels as it is light , strong and helps in reducing during the rotation on the track . we use double ball bearing for each of the wheels. We used the treated ball bearings which we had produce during the innovation. The axle we use is the carbon fibre axle because it is very light . The colour that we use is metallic colour using spray paint . For the finishing process , we smoothen the car with differennt type of smoothness . we use the sandpaper that immersed into the water before sandblasting the car by using a sandpaper . this is to ensure the equal smooth on a surface of the car . After that ,,, the will be coated with a layer of car cement to repair the broken effects during the machining process on a denford CNC machine using my knowledge on CAM . it is used to cover the deformation that happened during the cutting process . NEXT , there will be next layer of of undercoat to coat the car . To ensure the perfect smoothness on the car surface, we sandblsting the car again that covered by the undercoat and to beautify and strenghten the car . It is the last finishing layer of the car before its paint using the pressure spray painting . Then , the car is sprayed by two layer of colour which are pink and thrn black . Lastly . we sprayed the clear layer to make the car surface looks shiny...
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...company should do is get affiliated with well build car mechanics and have them change the airbag for them instead of the company doing it itself. So, when the company is informed about a deflated airbag they should immediately send an airbag to the closest mechanic next to the customer. There the mechanic changes the airbag and his fees will be paid by the company. “The Lawyer Who Became DuPont’s Worst Nightmare” 1. What is PFOA and how did DuPont use it? Is PFOA a danger to the environment? How? If PFOA was/is a danger to the environment, why didn’t DuPont stop using it? PFOA is short for perfluorooctanoic acid. DuPont started purchasing PFOA from 3M for use in the manufacturing of Teflon. 3M invented PFOA just four years earlier; it was used to keep coatings like Teflon from clumping during production. PFOA’s chemical structure made it uncannily resistant to degradation. It also bound to plasma proteins in the blood, traveling through each organ in the body. An internal safety limit for PFOA concentration in drinking water: one part per billion. The same year, DuPont found that water in one local district contained PFOA levels at three times that figure. Despite internal debate, it declined to make the information public. DuPont decided...
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...2013 | Features Nelson Castro in the Machine Created by the Bronx political Establishment—then sent out by the D.A. with a recorder to try to bring fellow politicians down. May 13, 2013 | Features Al Gore’s Golden Years The almost president has become the ultimate Davos Man, a moral entrepreneur and richer than Mitt Romney. March 4, 2013 | Features The Dean of Corruption Cecilia Chang, the St. John’s fund-raiser who committed suicide after her epic fraud was exposed, tried to keep her superiors happy with gifts of watches, vacations, custom suits, and fine wine. It worked, for a while. September 24, 2012 | Features We’re Going to Take Over F---ing Hollywood Armed with the story of the Teflon Don, John Gotti Jr. and his new crew are trying to make the movie business an offer it can’t refuse. June 11, 2012 | Features “Hello, I Am Sabu ... ” From a housing project on Avenue D, a hacker mastermind of Anonymous and LulzSec was out to upend many worlds. Including his...
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...Friction is what happens when any two things rub against each other. These can be solid things, like your two hands rubbing together, or your skis rubbing on the snow, or a hammer hitting a nail, or they can be gases, like friction with the air slowing down your car, or liquids, like friction with the water slowing down a boat. Nobody completely understands what causes friction. Partly, friction happens when the rough edges of one object snag on the rough edges of another object, and some of the objects' energy has to be used to break off those rough edges so the objects can keep moving. And when you rub two soft things together, like your hands, sometimes they squish into each other and get in each other's way. But even completely smooth, hard things have some friction. This friction is the result of the molecules in both objects being attracted to each other. We know how to make more friction or less friction, and how to predict how much friction there will be. There's more friction when the two objects are pushed together harder. If you push your hands together, it's harder to rub them up and down. If you pull the brake lever harder, your bike will stop faster. Because gravity pulls harder on things with more mass, things with more mass have more friction and are harder to move - a cube of iron will be harder to move than a cube of wood. Two solid things usually have more friction than two liquid things, or one liquid thing and a solid - that's why you slip on a wet surface...
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