...Policy Analysis Unit (PAU) Working Paper Series: WP 0709 Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladesh: An Analytical Review Md. Nehal Ahmed Mainul Islam Chowdhury March 2007 Policy Analysis Unit (PAU) Research Department, Bangladesh Bank Head Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh (www.bangladeshbank.org.bd) (www.bangladesh-bank.org) Policy Analysis Unit* (PAU) Working Paper Series: WP 0709 Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladesh: An Analytical Review Md. Nehal Ahmed Mainul Islam Chowdhury Research Economist Policy Analysis Unit Research Department Bangladesh Bank March 2007 Copyright © 2007 by Bangladesh Bank * In an attempt to upgrade the capacity for research and policy analysis at Bangladesh Bank (BB), PAU prepares and publishes several Working Papers on macroeconomic research every quarter. These papers reflect research in progress, and as such comments are most welcome. It is anticipated that a majority of these papers will eventually be published in learned journals after the due review process. Neither the Board of Directors nor the management of BB or any agency of the Government of Bangladesh, however, necessarily endorses any or all of the views expressed in these Papers. The latter reflect views based on professional analysis carried out by the research staff of Bangladesh Bank, and hence the usual caveat as to the veracity of research reports applies. [An electronic version of this paper is available at www.bangladeshbank.org.bd] ...
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...Development of Non Bank Financial Institutions to Strengthen the Financial System of Bangladesh - MONZUR HOSSAIN∗ -MD. SHAHIDUZZAMAN∗ Abstract Non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) represent one of the most important parts of a financial system. In Bangladesh, NBFIs are new in the financial system as compared to banking financial institutions (BFIs). Starting from the IPDC in 1981, a total of 25 NBFIs are now working in the country. As on June 30, 2001 the total amount of paid up capital and reserve of 24 NBFIs stood Tk.6901.8 million (BB, 2002). The NBFIs sector in Bangladesh consisting primarily of the development financial institutions, leasing enterprises, investment companies, merchant bankers etc. The financing modes of the NBFIs are long term in nature. Traditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lending activities, which are mostly unfamiliar products for them. Inefficiency of BFIs in long-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country. At this backdrop, in order to ensure flow of term loans and to meet the credit gap, NBFIs have immense importance in the economy. In addition, non-bank financial sector is important to increase the mobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to the capital market. The focus of this paper is to highlight the necessity and importance of NBFIs to strengthen the financial system for rapid economic development of the country. 1. Introduction...
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...Lease Financing Lease is a contract between the owner and the user of assets for a certain time period during which the second party uses an asset in exchange of making periodic rental payments to the first party without purchasing it. Under lease financing, the lessee regularly pays the fixed lease rent over a period of time at the beginning or at the end of a month, 3 months, 6 months or a year. At the end of the lease contract the asset reverts to the real owner. However, in case of long-term lease contracts, the lessee is generally given the option to buy the leased asset or renew the lease contract. The three major types of leases are the operating lease, financial/capital lease and the direct financing lease. The operating lease is a short-term lease contract where the lessor bears all operating and repairing costs of the asset and the lessee pays periodic rental payments to the lessor, and where the lease is cancelable, and there is no bargain purchase option. Financial/capital lease is a long-term lease contract where the lessee bears all operating, repairing and maintenance costs, and makes periodic rental payments to the lessor. The lease is not cancelable and the lessee has the option for bargain purchase or renewal of lease contract at the end of the original lease period. In a direct financing lease, the lessor leases the asset by manufacturing or by purchasing from the manufacturer to the lessee directly and the lessee makes regular rental payments to the lessor...
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...The role of Financial Market and Institution in the Economic Development of Bangladesh Financial market Financial market is created to satisfy particular preferences of market participants.Financial markets transfer funds from those who have excess funs to those who needfunds. That is they facilitate the transfer of funds from surplus unit to deficit unit .Because funding needs vary among deficit units, various financial markets have beenestablished. The primary market allows for the issuance of new securities, while thesecondary market allows for the sale of short term securities, while capital marketsfacilitate the sale of long term securities.The main participants of financial market can be classified as households, businesses andgovernment agencies. Those participants who provide funds to the financial markets arecalled surplus unit . Households are the main type of surplus unit. Participants who usefinancial markets to obtain the funds are called the deficit unit . Money market: Money market an integral part of the financial market of a country. It provides a mediumfor the redistribution of short term loan able funds among financial institutions, which perform this function by selling deposits of various types, certificate of deposits anddiscounting of bills, treasury bills etc. The participants in the money market are: thecentral bank, commercial banks, the government, finance companies, contractual savinginstitutions like the pension funds, insurance companies...
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...Project on Financial Statement Analysis of United Leasing Company Limited Project on Financial Statement Analysis of United Leasing Company Limited Prepared for Dr. H. M. Mosarof Hossain Professor School of Business (MBA Program) North South University Prepared By Syeda Zabeen Ahmed, ID # 0910683060 Khadiza Akter, ID # 0930401060 Sadia Choudhury, ID # 1010366060 Toufiqur Rahman, ID # 1030291060 Md. Nazmul Ahsan, ID# 1010236060 April 08, 2011 Dr. H. M. Mosarof Hossain Professor School of Business (MBA Program) North South University. Submission of the BUS635 Group Project Dear Sir, We are pleased to submit the group project paper: “Financial Statement Analysis of United Leasing Company Limited” that you have asked us to prepare in an effort to better understand different Financial Analysis techniques. The topic has enabled us to better comprehend how United Leasing Company performed for last years and what they would do to improve their operations. It has been a pleasant experience working on this report. We submit it for your kind consideration and thank you for your guidance. If further clarification regarding this report is found required, we would be available by any means. Sincerely, Syeda Zabeen Ahmed, ID # 0910683060 ---------------------------- Khadiza Akter, ID # 0930401060 ---------------------------- Sadia Choudhury, ID # 1010366060 ---------------------------- Toufiqur Rahman, ID # 1030291060 ---------------------------- ...
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...persistence and stock prices: Evidence from operating leases* Weili Ge University of Washington Business School University of Washington Mackenzie Hall, Box 353200 Seattle, WA 98195 (206) 221-4835 geweili@u.washington.edu November 22, 2006 Abstract This paper examines the implications of the off-balance-sheet treatment of operating leases for future earnings and stock returns. The property rights granted by an operating lease contract generate both future benefits (off-balance-sheet capital investment) and future obligations (offbalance-sheet financing liabilities) for the lessee. The change in the off-balance-sheet capital investment can be viewed as a form of growth in net operating assets and also a form of offbalance-sheet accruals. By examining the footnote disclosure on operating leases, this paper shows that, after controlling for current earnings, greater off-balance-sheet operating lease activities lead to lower future earnings. This finding is consistent with diminishing marginal returns to investment in operating lease activities. Additional tests show that investors seem to incorrectly estimate the implications of off-balance-sheet lease activities for future earnings. A long-short investment strategy that exploits this misestimation generates significant future abnormal stock returns. These results suggest that the accrual anomaly documented in prior research extends to off-balance-sheet lease accruals. * This paper was awarded First Prize in the 2005 Chicago Quantitative...
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...Objectives 15.2 Concept of Lease Financing 15.3 Meaning of Lease Financing 15.4 Importance of Lease Financing 15.5 Types of Lease Agreements 15.5.1 Financial lease 15.5.2 Operating lease 15.5.3 Sale and lease back 15.5.4 Leveraged leasing 15.5.5 Direct leasing 15.6 Advantages of leasing 15.7 Leasing in India 15.8 Concept & Meaning of Hire purchase 15.9 Difference between Lease Financing and Hire Purchase 15.10 NSIC & Hire Purchase 15.11 Factoring 15.11.1 Factoring procedure 15.11.2 Merits 15.12 Summary 15.13 Glossary 15.14 Self Assessment Questions 15.15 Further Readings 15.0 INTRODUCTION In order to start and sustain a business one needs finance. In the unit one on feasibility study, you have already seen the process of estimating financial requirements. The process involved (a) making a list of all the assets (b) identifying the sources of supply (c) estimating the cost of acquisition when the assets are to be acquired on outright basis. Then investment requirements as well as entrepreneur’s fear will increase. To scare away the entrepreneur’s fear, the emphasis should be given to resources and not to the ownership. In this unit we intend to familiarize you with some important financial innovations i.e., leasing, hire purchase and factoring. 228 15.1 OBJECTIVES After going through this unit you should be able to • Describe the meaning of leasing • Explain the role and importance of lease financing in economic development of a country • Distinguish...
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...significant indication of our bright prospects. The traditional sources of funds of our country in the financial market are – the Commercial Banks, DFIs and the stock exchange. But these sources are not enough to effectively meet the growing demand of capital investments for industrialization of the country. And the backdrop of such scenario, leasing companies came forward in the 80s to serving as an alternative source of financing. Leasing is now a growing industry in many developing countries as well as Bangladesh. In spite of sluggish economic activities the growth of the leasing industry is significant. Lease is a contract between the owner and the user of assets for a certain time period during which the second party uses an asset in exchange of making periodic rental payments to the first party without purchasing it. Under lease financing, the lessee regularly pays the fixed lease rent over a period of time at the beginning or at the end of a month, 3 months, 6 months or a year. At the end of the lease contract the asset reverts to the real owner. Leasing is an important new method of financing. Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) play a significant role in meeting the diverse lease financial need of various sectors of an economy and thus contribute to the economic development of the country as well as to the deepening of the country’s financial system. Lease firms play a role analogous to that of banks and other financial institutions, but act by buying and then leasing equipment...
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...hindrance the growth of leasing companies is a significant indication of our bright prospects. The traditional sources of funds of our country in the financial market are – the Commercial Banks, DFIs and the stock exchange. But these sources are not enough to effectively meet the growing demand of capital investments for industrialization of the country. And the backdrop of such scenario, leasing companies came forward in the 80s to serving as an alternative source of financing. Leasing is now a growing industry in many developing countries as well as Bangladesh. In spite of sluggish economic activities the growth of the leasing industry is significant. Lease is a contract between the owner and the user of assets for a certain time period during which the second party uses an asset in exchange of making periodic rental payments to the first party without purchasing it. Under lease financing, the lessee regularly pays the fixed lease rent over a period of time at the beginning or at the end of a month, 3 months, 6 months or a year. At the end of the lease contract the asset reverts to the real owner. Leasing is an important new method of financing. Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) play a significant role in meeting the diverse lease financial need of various sectors of an economy and thus contribute to the economic development of the...
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...Summary Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) play a significant role in meeting the diverse financial need of various sectors of an economy and thus contribute to the economic development of the country as well as to the deepening of the country’s financial system. According to Goldsmith (1969), financial development in a country starts with the development of banking institutions. As the development process proceeds, NBFIs become prominent alongside the banking sector. The major business of most NBFIs in Bangladesh is leasing, though some are also diversifying into other lines of business like term lending, housing finance, merchant banking, equity financing, venture capital financing etc. Lease financing, term lending and housing finance constituted 94 percent of the total financing activities of all NBFIs up to June 2006. Industrial Promotion and Development Company (IPDC) was the first private sector NBFI in Bangladesh, which started its operation in 1981. Since then the number has been increasing and in December 2006 it reached 29. Of these, one is government owned, 15 are local (private) and the other 13 are established under joint venture with foreign participation. Leasing in Bangladesh, like in many of its peer countries, owes its origin to the efforts of the International Finance Corporation (IFC), Washington. At the instance of IFC, the first leasing company in Bangladesh, Industrial Development Leasing Company of Bangladesh Ltd. (IDLC) was set up in 1984 and...
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...a Glance * ------------------------------------------------- 6 Strength of GSPB * ------------------------------------------------- 7 Share Holding Structure * ------------------------------------------------- 8 List of Directors: * ------------------------------------------------- 9 BUSINESSES * ------------------------------------------------- * ------------------------------------------------- 9.0.1 Long/Mid-Term Finance * ------------------------------------------------- 9.0.2 Short Term Finance * ------------------------------------------------- 9.0.3 Real Estate Finance * ------------------------------------------------- 9.0.4 Corporate Finance * ------------------------------------------------- 9.0.5 Merchant Banking * ------------------------------------------------- 10 BOARD & MANAGEMENT * ------------------------------------------------- 11 KEY MANAGEMENTKEY * ------------------------------------------------- 12 MARKET ASPECT * ------------------------------------------------- 13 FUND MANAGEMENT & CREDIT STATUS * ------------------------------------------------- 14 Financial Performance of GSPB – at a glance: * ------------------------------------------------- 15 Departmentalization of GSPB * ------------------------------------------------- 16 Credit & Marketing Department * ------------------------------------------------- 17 Merchant...
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...of the company's future performance. Financial ratios are tools used to analyze financial conditions and performance. Financial analysis means different things to different people.Trade creditors are primarily interested in the liquidity of the firm being analyzed. Their claims are short term and the ability of the firm to pay these can best be judged by an analysis of its liquidity. On the other hands, the claims of bondholders are long term. They are interested in the cash flow of the firm to service debts over a long period of time. The bondholders may evaluate this by analyzing the capital structures of the firm, the major sources and users of fund, the firms’ profitability. Five Different groups of ratios have been developed: * Liquidity ratios - A class of financial metrics that is used to determine a company's ability to pay off its short-terms debts obligations. Generally, the higher the value of the ratio, the larger the margin of safety that the company possesses to cover short-term debts. * Activity ratios – indicate how efficiently a firm is using its assets to generate sales. * Financial Leverage ratios – indicates a firms capacity to meet short and long term debt obligations. * Profitability ratios – measure how effectively a firm’s management...
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...Internship Report on Portfolio Mix and Operational Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh Under the Supervision of Dr. M. Sadiqul Islam Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Prepared by Robin Kumar Saha BBA ID: 16-039 BBA 16th Batch Department of Finance Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Date of Submission: ............, 2014 Letter of Transmittal .................., 2014 Dr. M. Sadiqul Islam Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Internship report. Dear Sir, Here is the report on ‘Portfolio Mix and Operational Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh’ you asked me to conduct. Working on a practical field with theories helped me to build my theories strong and specific. I believe that this report will help me to know about the perfect mix of investment portfolio of NBFIs in Bangladesh and its relation with the operational performance of the firm. During preparing this report I have enforced my best effort. Surely, it enriches our knowledge and promotes our study. Thank you for giving me such an opportunity for working on the topic. I will be honored to provide you any additional information, if necessary. Sincerely yours, (Robin Kumar Saha) BBA ID: 16-039 BBA 16th Batch Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude and cordial thanks to some person who helped me In the course of preparing this report. First of all, I want to mention my honorable...
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...Internship Report on Functions oF credit risk management in non Banking Financial institutions (nBFi) in Bangladesh A study on IDLC Finance Limited Internship Report on Functions oF credit risk management in non Banking Financial institutions (nBFi) in Bangladesh A study on IDLC Finance Limited Submitted to: Sharmin Shabnam Rahman Dewan Mostafizur Rahman Internship supervisor of the submitter BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC University Submitted By: Chowdhury Tasmiah Jabeen ID-06104024 BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC University Date of Submission: 23rd December 2009 Letter of Transmittal_______________________ 23rd December 2009 Sharmin Shabnam Rahman BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC University Subject: Submission of Internship Report of BBA Programme Dear Madam, It is my great pleasure to submit the internship report on "Functions of Credit Risk management in Non Banking Financial Institutions (NBFI) in Bangladesh, A study on IDLC Finance Ltd " which is a part of BBA Programme to you for your consideration. I made sincere efforts to study related materials, documents, observe operations performed in IDLC Finance Limited and examine relevant records for preparation of the report. Within the time limit, I have tried my best to compile the pertinent information as comprehensively as possible and if you need any further information, I will be glad to assist you. Thanking you, Chowdhury Tasmiah Jabeen ID-06104024 BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC...
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...borrowing on the basis of riba is haram. The adoption of Islamic financing techniques such as istisna can avoid such difficulties and discounting of future income is seen as legitimate by Islamic economist. This technique can be used to calculate for social rate of return in Muslim societies. Increased knowledge can reduces uncertainty involved in any project but it will take time to reach the fruition. The modern techniques of project appraisal can be used by Islamic financial institutions and if there is commercial funding method that gives the appropriate needs and circumstances of Muslims countries and communities. As raise the private sectors, good information flow is important for the project to be properly evaluated. The issue of discounting is potentially causes problems from the perspective of Shariah. Discounting rate is equated with interest rate which constitutes riba. It also useful tool if the decision on the merits of different projects are to be made on the basis of comparison from their present value. Such the calculations enhance the knowledge of decision makers. Islamic financing instruments are used to replace the interest-based borrowing and to ensure the financial arrangements are efficient. 2. State arrangement of project financing : The state arrangement of project financing is largely undertaken by government. The budget is being dividing between current spending on wages, salaries and capital expenditure. It regarded as a type of national investment...
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