From PCEP journal: The united colors…

Psychotherapy is always a process of co-construction, and hence directive in nature. Lietaer 2002: 10

Lietaer 2002: 9 claims that ‘within certain limits a more process directive style can be implemented in a way which does not interfere with the self-agency of the client and with a person-centred stance’.

Lietaer 2002: 9 believes that ‘all client-centred/experiential therapists see the experiential/phenomenological world of the client as the central avenue for their work…’

Warner 2000: 31 calls it ‘levels of inventiveness’ which she defines as ‘the degree to which a therapist brings in material from outside the client’s frame of reference, and the degree to which this is done from a stance of authority or expertise’.

Lietaer 2000: 8 writes of ‘the enormous body of knowledge that has been built up about the experiential process and how it develops into personality change and cites Rogers (1959), Gendlin (1964), Wexler (1974), Greenberg and Paivio (1997), Greenberg and Van Balen (1998.

P 8 ‘Typical for experiential therapist is a profound trust in the ‘wisdom’ of the body: the organismic valuing process is seen as the ‘compass’ of the actualising tendency’.

Lietaer: 7 ‘the belief in the power of the actualization tendency is the cornerstone of their vision of therapy, a vision that therefore comprises the assumption that non-directivity forms the nucleus of their working method (Bozarth, 1998). Among others, in contrast, who insist equally on the self-agency of the client, it is more strongly emphasized that the actualization tendency can be seriously damaged, that such damage is sometimes irreparable, and that ‘self-maintenance' (and not ‘self-actualization') can sometimes be the only realistic objective; it is held, moreover, that more directive forms of intervention are sometimes necessary in order to restore the process of self-actualization’.

P 5 ‘During the last thirty years client-centered psychotherapy and counseling have developed considerably (Barrett-Lennard, 1998). Besides its own unfolding from within (e.g. as evidenced by a growing differentiation as to clinical populations and specific processes; see: Lietaer, Rombauts and Van Balen, 1990; Finke, 1994; Lietaer and Van Kalmthout, 1995; Sachse, 1996; Eckert, Höger and Linster, 1997), two experiential branches of psychotherapy grew out of it: focusing-oriented (Gendlin, 1996) and process-experiential (Greenberg, Rice and Elliott, 1993)