...The disease model of addiction describes an addiction as a lifelong disease that involves both biological and environmental sources of origin. The disease model originates from the traditional medical model of disease which states that an individual suffering from a disease has an illness or sickness that causes interruption, cessation, or disorder of bodily functions, systems or organs and must have identifiable signs and symptoms (Gorski, 2001). The contemporary medical model attributes addiction to changes in the brains mesolimbic system and also takes into consideration that the disease may be a result of other biological, psychological, or social entities (Disease model of addiction, 2011). Within the disease model of addiction, it is believed that a genetic predisposition to addiction exists, in addition to the occurrence of some environmental events that increase the likelihood that this predisposition will be sparked. Within the overall concept of the disease model of addiction, there are various specific disease models that concentrate on the specific areas of the disease concept. For example, the medical consequences model focuses on the many biomedical consequences of alcohol and drug use. This model simply focuses on the biological etiology and consequences of drug and alcohol consumption. The bio-psycho-social-spiritual consequences maintenance disease model is much richer than the biomedical consequences model because the concentration is on biological, psychological...
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...System Development Life Cycle Models Anusha Gujjula IST.8100: Integrating the Enterprise, IS Function/Technology Wilmington University Abstract SDLC aims to develop an information system by using some of its methodologies, which are clearly explained below. The paper also describes about some of its phases and their uses. This paper gives us an idea to the Project managers, developers and trainers about the basis of the model being used for their project and to decide which SDLC model would be suitable for their project retrieved from (Samdani, 2005). The development of a project or a business unit of an organization is depended on it. So by considering it a detailed analysis of the requirements had been carried out. The prevailing life-cycle-based models do not explicitly deal with changing organizational attributes during the development process. Key words: SDLC Table of Contents Introduction 4 7 Steps of Systems development Life Cycle 4 12 steps of a SDLC model… ….6 Difference between SDLC and other models……………………………………………….....7 Criteria for Choosing Right SDLC for information system…………………………………...8 Compare and contrast of 7step model and 12 steps model 9 Conclusion 9 References 10 Introduction SDLC is the detailed process of development of information systems that describes the process of planning, analysis, designing, testing, deploying, and maintenance of information systems. Various models used for creating this life cycle are...
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...Continuous change when it happens, needs constant updating of working approaches and social advances. Orlikowsky suggests that continuous change involves individuals and groups, who will be dealing with breakdowns, exceptions, opportunities that the change will bring with it (Hayes 2010). This analysis will show the most important theories of Change Management: Kotter’s 8 steps, Lewin and Prosci. Additionally we will look at Leadership theories such as Trait, Transformational and Great Man Theory, followed by a critical discussion on the role of Leadership in Change Management and finally an analysis in the case study of Biogen Idec Inc. 2. Literature Review 2.1. Change Management Theories 2.1.1. Kotter’s 8 Steps In 1995 Jhon Kotter introduced an 8-step change model for helping managers deal with transformational change, Webster (2012). The model outlines an organized and effective approach of managing a major change. Kotter (2007) states that “Leaders who successfully transform businesses do eight things right (and they do them in the right order)”. Armstrong (2006) goes through the eight steps as follows: Establishing a sense of urgency. Make others see the necessity for change and they will be persuaded of the prominence of acting straightaway. Forming a powerful guiding coalition: Bring together individuals...
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...6/12/2012 Blood Cell Separation with Magnetophoresis John Dunec, Ph.D. VP of Sales, NW USA © 2012 COMSOL. COMSOL and COMSOL Multiphysics are registered trademarks of COMSOL AB. Capture the Concept, COMSOL Desktop, and LiveLink are trademarks of COMSOL AB. Other product or brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Welcome to the Lunch-Time Tutorials! • Solve One Problem Using COMSOL Multiphysics • This Tutorial: Blood Cell Separation Using Magnetophoresis • 30-35 minutes duration • Short Q&A at end • Archived at: www.comsol.com/webinars Upcoming Tutorials: • Low Frequency Tumor Ablation www.comsol.com/events Presentation, Step-by-Steps, and COMSOL model available on request 1 6/12/2012 Individual Physics you Learned in School Heat in a rod, … Stress in a wrench S i h • Individual equation sets … Applied to simple, (and sometimes not-so-simple) single-physics problems In Reality – Multiple Sets of Physics Interact • Typically bi-directional nonlinear coupling between multiple physical processes 2 6/12/2012 Multiphysics: Multiple Interacting Phenomena Could be simple: • Heat • Convected by Flow Could be complex: • Flow – Navier-Stokes in tubes – Porous flow in plug B • Mass Transport – Three chemicals: A,B,C – Reacting: A+2B → C • Heat Transfer – Exothermic reaction – Reaction rate temperature dependant COMSOL Multiphysics Solves These! • Multiphysics – Everything can link to everything...
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...Answer: A Page Ref: 3 Topic: Types of Decision Models Difficulty: Moderate 2) Which of the following variables is considered non-random or deterministic? A) next year's cash flow projections B) future interest rates C) last year's income D) projected value of the euro next week E) projected NASDAQ index Answer: C Page Ref: 2 Topic: Types of Decision Models Difficulty: Moderate 3) Determining how much the solution will change if there are changes in the input data is part of: A) model formulation B) model solution C) model interpretation D) model development E) model assessment Answer: C Page Ref: 7 Topic: Steps Involved in Decision Modeling Difficulty: Easy 4) If all the variables in a model are under the control of the decision maker, then the model is considered to be: A) probabilistic B) random C) mathematical D) schematic E) deterministic Answer: E Page Ref: 2 Topic: Types of Decision Models Difficulty: Easy 5) Which of the following models is a picture or drawing of reality? A) physical model B) schematic model C) scale model D) mathematical model E) analytical model Answer: B Page Ref: 6 Topic: Steps Involved in Decision Modeling Difficulty: Easy 6) Acquiring input data is part of: A) model solution B) model formulation C) model interpretation D) model testing E) model identification Answer: B Page Ref: 6 Topic: Steps Involved in Decision Modeling Difficulty: Easy ...
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...University of Hull | Supply Chain Planning and Control-Individual assignment: Pony Group | | | | 4/13/2013 | 56130 Model leader: Riccardo Mogre | Student number: 201100320 Word count: 2,662 Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Section 1: Demand forecast 2 2.1. Moving average 2 2.2. Simple Exponential Smoothing 3 2.3. Holt’s Model 4 2.4. Winter’s Model 5 2.5. Demand forecast for XYZ 8 3. Section 2: Aggregate planning 9 3.1. Aggregate planning Question 1 10 3.2. Aggregate planning Question 2 11 4. Section 4: Pricing and revenue management 12 Appendix 15 1. Introduction This assignment is based on the market information of Pony group, an electronic manufacturer, to calculate and forecast the future development of this company. The topic is divided into three sections, the first part is to forecast the demand for next four months of Pony LCD TV screen, the second section is to identify the optimal production schedule for the cell phones market. The last section is to identify the optimal price for pony handheld consoles. 2. Section 1: Demand forecast In this section, it will provide the demand forecast for next four months based on the historical demand data. There are four forecast methods used in this part, which are moving average, simple exponential smoothing, Holt’s model, and Winter’s model respectively. Firstly, I will figure out the MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) of all these four methods, and by comparing...
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...knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been submitted for another course, except where due acknowledgement is made in the report.” Chern Gan __________________________________________________ Lucy Fraser __________________________________________________ Marcel Coquerand __________________________________________________ Michael Rigby __________________________________________________ i SUMMARY The Datamine software package was used to estimate the total resource of this copper deposit with gold mineralization. Data taken from the 26 boreholes was then subjected to the Kriging, Inverse Power of Distance and Nearest Neighbour methods to model final tonnages of copper and ounces of gold. The main lithology of the area around the resource consists of soil, sandstone, siltstone, breccia and basalt from the surface. Each method of estimation produced the same total tonnage of the resource, which was estimated to be 3,907,200 tonnes. The Kriging estimation technique estimated the resource to contain 161,166 oz of gold and 425,885 tonnes of copper. At current spot prices for gold and copper...
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...permissions@dardenbusinesspublishing.com for questions or additional permissions. LINEAR MODEL-BUILDING Linear (regression) models are used in a variety of business situations for a variety of purposes. One reason for their popularity is that they can be easily understood and implemented. All that is needed is data on two or more variables and a computer or calculator. With a minimal amount of effort, a manager obtains (1) an equation for the relationship between the dependent variable (Y) and one or more independent variables (the Xs), (2) a forecast of Y for any given set of X-values, and (3) a host of statistics to complement the analysis. Because so much is obtained so easily, the potential for misuse is great if the model builder is not careful about how the model is built and applied. This note provides guidelines for the effective construction and application of linear models. We begin with a discussion and categorization of the various uses for a linear model. Whether a given model is appropriate for a particular use depends on the way the independent and dependent variables relate to each other. Next, we describe the kinds of possible relationships between Y and X variables, and then we emphasize the kind of relationship between Y and X necessary for each potential application of a linear model. Even when a manager understands what kind of relationship is necessary for the particular way the model will be used, there still remains the question of how best to combine this...
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...The interface station includes engine audio feedback and a near life-size operator display attached to a full-size cab. The excavator dynamics are determined by models of the hydraulic system, the linkage system, and the soil digging forces. To maximize the fidelity of the hydraulic model, certain “virtual” components of the model are replaced with real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulations of the actual hardware. HIL simulation is done in a geographically isolated facility, with Internet based communication between HIL and the Remote Operator Interface. This is the first reported high-fidelity operator interface to be combined with remote hydraulic HIL simulations. I. I NTRODUCTION Hydraulic hardware has undergone a great evolution in recent years, evolving from purely hydro-mechanical devices to electro-hydraulic systems controlled by microprocessors. The use of electronic controllers opens the door to improving dynamic performance and enhancing traditional hydraulic off-highway construction machines with new features such as increased energy efficiency, improved operator controllability, and overall increases in productivity. With these added capabilities often comes added system complexity, particularly in the area of system controls and operator interfaces. New controllers are designed and often tested on models of systems, but hydraulic components...
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...Methods for Managers Multi-Variate Modelling including Lagged variables and Dummy Variables 2 Topics for Today • Multi-variate relationships • Correlation matrices • Doing a multiple regression in Excel • Multi-collinearity • Lagged variables • Dummy variables ▫ For modelling qualitative data ▫ For modelling seasonality 3 Multi-Variate Relationships • So far we have only looked at Time Series. These are where: . . . . one dependent variable, eg: sales, temperature . . . . varies with time • We have identified no underlying drivers of the relationship • We just made forecasts one or more periods ahead • These are commonly used business models . . . . but the business world is not that simple: ▫ The variables we need to forecast do not just depend on time ▫ Multi-variate models are required ▫ We can then identify the ‘levers’ to pull to ‘drive’ our variable 4 An Example In previous years this was a double module • Attendance at tutorials varied as the year progressed • Time is one factor but other factors could be: ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ Students’ perception that the tutorial will help them pass Weather conditions: eg temperature on morning of tutorial Time of day for the tutorial (9am tutorials are not popular) Students dropping out of the module or the university Volume of background reading in the recommended texts Assignment marks achieved – low marks produce attendance 5 An Example How suitable are these other factors? Suitable ...
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...Article Review: McDonald and Leppard (1993) The Marketing Audit The Marketing Audit Model Any marketing plan will only be as good as the information on which it is based, and the marketing audit is the means by which information for planning is organised. A marketing audit is a systematic, critical and unbiased review and appraisal of all the external and internal factors that have affected an organisation’s commercial performance over a defined period. By providing an understanding of how the organisation relates to the environment in which it operates, the marketing audit enables management to select a position within that environment based on known factors. Any organisation carrying out an audit will be faced with two kinds of variable: those over which if has no direct control and those over which it has complete control. The former include economic and market factors, while the latter usually concern the organisation’s resources, or operational variables. This suggests that the marketing audit should be structured in two parts: * External audit—the uncontrollable variables (business and economic environment, the market, the competition). * Internal audit—the controllable variables (organisation’s strengths and weaknesses, operations and resources in relation to the environment and competitors). Chapters 1—6 McDonald and Leppard’s The Marketing Audit Model is a comprehensive set of exercises that a company can go through to develop insight into all aspects...
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...------------------------------------------------- Chapter 7 Stocks, Stock Valuation, and Stock Market Equilibrium ------------------------------------------------- ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS 7-1 a. A proxy is a document giving one person the authority to act for another, typically the power to vote shares of common stock. If earnings are poor and stockholders are dissatisfied, an outside group may solicit the proxies in an effort to overthrow management and take control of the business, known as a proxy fight. The preemptive right gives the current shareholders the right to purchase any new shares issued in proportion to their current holdings. The preemptive right may or may not be required by state law. When granted, the preemptive right enables current owners to maintain their proportionate share of ownership and control of the business. It also prevents the sale of shares at low prices to new stockholders which would dilute the value of the previously issued shares. Classified stock is sometimes created by a firm to meet special needs and circumstances. Generally, when special classifications of stock are used, one type is designated “Class A”, another as “Class B”, and so on. Class A might be entitled to receive dividends before dividends can be paid on Class B stock. Class B might have the exclusive right to vote. Founders’ shares are stock owned by the firm’s founders that have sole voting rights but restricted dividends for a specified...
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....................................................................... 1 1.4 Structures and approach................................................................... 2 2. Innovation management in services industries....................................... 2 2.1 Definition ........................................................................................... 2 2.2 Relevance ......................................................................................... 2 3. Requirements on an innovation management ........................................ 3 3.1 Process models ................................................................................ 3 3.1.1 Phase model according Meiren .................................................. 4 3.1.2 Iterative model according Shostack and Kingman-Brundage .... 5 3.1.3 Conclusion and improved model ................................................ 5 3.2 Innovation registration....................................................................... 7 3.2.1 Idea identification...
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...First thoughts are that Boeing fits almost all of the requirements for continuous flow; low flexibility, one product, very high capital investment, and low skilled labor with skilled overseers. Work would proceed in a fixed sequence of assembly steps, and the process connects all activities in an inflexible process. This process has high capital investment and only produces a minimum amount of product, one. The only reservation I have about this is that the production volume is low. Job Tasks Salaries: Aerospace Engineers Design Aircraft $100-$130K DOE Mechanical Engineers Design mechanical systems $80, $100k DOE Electrical Engineer design electrical systems $80, $100k DOE Software Engineer design software used in computer controls $80, $100k DOE Avionics Engineer design instruments to fly the aircraft $80, $100k DOE Fabricators assemble the plane and machine specialized parts $55-$75K DOE Welders weld aluminum for super-structure of the aircraft $55-$75K DOE Team Member Assembly general labor $35-$55K DOE Assembly Managers oversees team members in the assembly stage $65k-75K b. Toyota building an SUV Toyota would utilize the flow process. Unlike the batch process, this process is performed with a fixed sequence of steps and a fixed number of assembly stations. This process has a very high capital requirement. This process produces quality at a very high volume. The labor is mostly unskilled with skilled employees overseeing them. This process also requires very...
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...Transactions in GIS, 2008, 12(3): 365– 375 XXX © 2008 UK 1467-9671 1361-1682 Transactions in GIS TGIS The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford, 20083Blackwell Publishing Ltd Research Article Research D Ghosh Article A Loose Coupling Technique for Integrating GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision Making A Loose Coupling Technique for Integrating GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Debasis Ghosh National Informatics Centre Ministry of Communications and Information Technology Calcutta, India Keywords Abstract Spatial decision making is characterized by problems associated with multiple and conflicting alternatives relating to geographical features and their attributes. As such, the search for the best possible alternative from a large set of such alternatives can be a daunting task. The aim of integrating GIS with Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is to develop a well-defined process that can scan through such extensive fields of choice to arrive at the best possible solution. Goal Programming is one tool (developed in conjunction with MCDM) that can handle a problem with multiple, conflicting and incommensurable alternatives, and this article explains how the loose coupling technique can integrate MCDM with GIS to assist decision making among competing alternatives. As an example, this methodology has been applied for community development purposes in the Hooghly District of West Bengal, India. 1 Background The inclusion of...
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