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The Basic Tools of Finance

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THE BASIC TOOLS OF FINANCE

WHAT’S NEW IN THE SIXTH EDITION:
There are two new In the News boxes on “A Cartoonist’s Guide to Stock Picking” and “Is the Efficient Markets Hypothesis Kaput?”

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of this chapter, students should understand: the relationship between present value and future value. the effects of compound growth. how risk-averse people reduce the risk they face. how asset prices are determined.

CONTEXT AND PURPOSE:
Chapter 27 is the third chapter in a four-chapter sequence on the level and growth of output in the long run. In Chapter 25, we discuss how capital and labor are among the primary determinants of output and growth. In Chapter 26, we addressed how saving and investment in capital goods affect the production of output. In Chapter 28, we will show some of the tools people and firms use when choosing capital projects in which to invest. Because both capital and labor are among the primary determinants of output, Chapter 28 will address the market for labor. The purpose of Chapter 27 is to introduce the students to some tools that people use when they participate in financial markets. We will show how people compare different sums of money at different points in time, how they manage risk, and how these concepts combine to help determine the value of a financial asset, such as a share of stock.

KEY POINTS:
 Because savings can earn interest, a sum of money today is more valuable than the same sum of money in the future. A person can compare sums from different times using the concept of present value. The present value of any future sum is the amount that would be needed today, given prevailing interest rates, to produce that future sum. 469
© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the

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