Premium Essay

The Birth of the “Troublemaker”

In: Historical Events

Submitted By mushal
Words 923
Pages 4
The Birth of the “Troublemaker”
Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, in a small village in South Africa’s Transkei region. His father named him Rolihlahla, which colloquially translates to “troublemaker” in Xhosa. This moniker proved prophetic. Mandela was born to a noble lineage. His father was a chief of the Thembu tribe, part of the ancient Xhosa nation. As a child, Mandela was a “herd-boy,” tending calves and sheep. His meager diet consisted primarily of
“mealies” (corn). He attended a small one-room schoolhouse in his village, often wearing his father’s cutoff pants secured by a string around the waist.
When Mandela was nine, his father died. His family sent him to live with Chief
Jongintaba Dalindyebo, the Thembu’s acting regent in Mqhekezweni, “the great place,”
Thembuland’s provincial capital. Mandela received a good education for a black South
African of his generation, studying at Healdtown, a Wesleyan college in Fort Beaufort, and at the University College of Fort Hare, in Alice. While he was a student, the regent arranged for him to marry the daughter of a Thembu priest. Mandela refused and ran away to Johannesburg.
A Rebel from the Start
Mandela went to work as a night watchman at Crown Mines, a local gold mine. He used subterfuge to get the job, pretending that the regent, a respected figure throughout black
South Africa, approved of his move to Johannesburg. Mine officials quickly learned the truth and told Mandela to return immediately to Mqhekezweni. Refusing to leave
Johannesburg, Mandela lived briefly with a cousin. Then he moved in with Reverend J.
Mabutho, but he did not tell the minister that the regent wanted him back in Mqhekezweni.
When Rev. Mabutho learned of Mandela’s deception, he made him leave his home, but arranged for him to stay with neighbors.
Mandela went to work as a clerk for the law firm of Witkin,

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

How Has Ronald Reagan Affected America

...On Independence Day, Ronald received some prohibited fireworks, and an especially gargantuan firework, know as the torpedo. Ronald and Neil set off the torpedo into a brick wall and caused a great burst of noise. The noise was so great that it caught the police’s attention, and so a police officer took Ronald into custody. Jack had to bust him out by paying a fourteen dollar fine, and afterwards they had their arguments and whatnot. Ironically, Ronald Reagan grew up to be the opposite of a troublemaker. According to www.pbs.org, Ronald was baptized in the Disciples of Christ Church like his mother. Nelle taught her children to respect other people’s beliefs and to give to the less fortunate. She also took advantage of her son’s devotion to the Disciples of Christ, and encouraged him to participate in events at the church. Ronald took this opportunity and used his speaking skills to support his church’s and mother’s beliefs. Dutch, as a result, devoted his whole life to...

Words: 884 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

South Africa

...South Africa Nelson Mandela 1. Why did I choose this subject? Personal interest 2. Nelson Mandela’s Background A Normal kid A special name 3. Influence during apartheid Influence on people A dream 4. A national hero President of ANC A respectful man Sources: http://www.southafrica.info/mandela http://www.wikipedia.org/ I like to read about Nelson Mandela, I see him as an icon and a big hero, therefore I’d like to talk about him and his influence during the apartheid. Nelson Mandela is the youngest member of the Mandela-family. He was born the 18 th July 1918. His birth name was Rolihlahla. It means; to pull the branch on a tree, and it really means to be a troublemaker. A teacher, named Admiral Horatio Nelson, later gave him the name Nelson, because he thought that a black boy would be better of, if the Englishmen in power knew the name and knew how to pronounce it. Nelson Mandela has three brothers and nine sisters. His father was the chief of the small village; Mvezo, which can be found in the part of South Africa that are called Transkei. He was first-adviser to the Thembu king. Besides giving advice to the king, he was also the one, who had to note down the history of the Thembu tribe and the Xhosa people. His name was Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa Mandela. Nelson Mandela’s mother was one of his fathers four wives, her name was Nosekeni Fanny. There is now doubt that Nelson Mandela had a great deal of influence on people...

Words: 587 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Fela Kuti Research Paper

...Fela Kuti was born in 1938 in Nigeria into a prominent family and had the birth name of Olufela Olusegun Oludotun Ransome-Kuti. He was a very interesting and political man, which shows a great deal in his music. Kuti traveled to London in order to attend Trinity College of Music. While studying in London, Kuti formed the band Koola Lobitos, which over the years had a long string of names. Kuti traveled the world recording and performing a plethora of genres. His music is defined as Afro-beats and is a mixture of jazz, highlife, and rock. During his lifetime, Fela Kuti’s music has brought him trouble and disaster. His band created an album named Zombie, which criticized the practices of the Nigerian Army. This led to soldiers attacking the...

Words: 682 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Aakif

...SYMBOLS, ARCHETYPES & MOTIFS Symbols Three categories: Archetypal – The first symbols of humankind that have replicated themselves in stories throughout the ages across all cultures. They appear in the stories of groups from cavemen to 21st century authors. The term “archetype” was coined by Karl Jung who used them as the basis of “collective unconscious” theory. Cultural – As cultural groups use archetypal symbols to represent their values, fears, beliefs, and expectations, these objects take on meaning specific to that group. For example, the cross is an ancient archetypal symbol. When cultural groups adopt it, the meanings become both universal and specific. For most cultures the cross holds spiritual significance; hence its archetypal meaning. For Christians the cross takes on specific representation of Christ’s crucifixion. Nuance – These objects take on symbolic meaning in the work in which they appear. Modern writers often create their own symbols by repeatedly using the object in meaningful ways. For example, Golding used the conch shell to represent order and governmental control. NOTABLE ARCHETYPAL SYMBOLS, CHARACTERS, AND STORY PATERNS Characters: Hero (Epic, Classical, Romantic, Realistic, Anti-Hero) Outcast, Scapegoat, Trickster, Platonic Ideal, Monster, Temptress, Star-crossed lovers, Clown/jester, Prophet Story Patterns: Rite of Passage/Initiation, Creation, Fall, Expulsion, Death & Rebirth, Journey, Quest Symbols: (Archetypal symbols have...

Words: 1504 - Pages: 7

Free Essay

My Research

...APPLICATIONS OF AUTOMATA THEORY IN INFORMATION AGE 1. DEFINITION Automata theory is the study of abstract machines and automata as well as the computational problems that can be solved using them. It is a theory in theoretical computer science, under discrete mathematics (a section of Mathematics and also of Computer Science). Automaton comes from the Greek word αὐτόματα meaning "self-acting". So, Automata Theory is the study of self-operating virtual machines to help in logical understanding of input and output process, without or with intermediate stage(s) of computation (or any function / process). 2. APPLICATIONS 2.1 Vending Machines Figure 1 presents a DFA that describes the behavior of a vending machine which accepts dollars and quarters, and charges $1.25 per soda. Once the machine receives at least $1.25, corresponding to the blue-colored states in the diagram, it will allow the user to select a soda. Self-loops represent ignored input: the machine will not dispense a soda until at least $1.25 has been deposited, and it will not accept more money once it has already received greater than or equal to $1.25. To express the DFA as a 5-tuple, the components are defined as follows: 1. Q = {$0:00; $0:25; $0:50; $0:75; $1:00; $1:25; $1:50; $1:75; $2:00} are the states 2. ∑= {$0:25; $1:00; select} is the alphabet 3. ∂, the transition function, is described by the state diagram. 4. qₒ = $0:00 is the start state 5. F = ᵠ; is the set of accept states [pic] 2...

Words: 929 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Psychology

...ENG 120 Children and television: A lethal combination? Many people believe that television can be good for young children and it helps to develop their mind before they attend school. While this may be true, it may also has an overall negative effect on children. Television can be lethal because it teaches children and culturally structures their mind. If a program on television shows a person eating spaghetti with his hands and a child watches this, then the child with think that it can be ok to eat spaghetti with his/her hands. In the developing stage of a child’s mind, everything that is being exposed to them is going to have a profound effect on them. We could say that only certain programs are carrying positive messages whereas the negative impact of television may be dominant. Overall, the television exposes the child to violent/deviant behavior, children build some of their morals and ethics from television and television also causes sleeping defects, obesity and other illnesses. Television can promote certain behaviors to children at young ages, for example if a child is exposed to violence on television, then that program is promoting aggressive behavior and the child can then begin to act more aggressively. Many researches show how television programs negatively affect children and their behavior from a process called imitation. Moreover, children, who are exposed to television programs showing violence, are more or less likely to affect their...

Words: 2835 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Response Paper on a Class Divided Video

...The Tortilla Curtain Jeanilda De La Cruz The Tortilla Curtain The Tortilla Curtain is a novel, written by a US writer Thomas Coraghessan Boyle. The Novel has been written in the backdrop of tightening US restriction upon the immigration, especially for the immigrants from Mexico. The story deals with the main characters like Delaney Mosbacher, his wife Kyra Mossbacher, a Mexican Immigrant- Cándido Rincón, and his wife América. The story deals with the resentment that exists between the indigenous Americans living in the region Aroyo Blanco canyon, near Los-Angeles, California. It shows the stark contrast that exists in the between the Americans and those emigrating from the other nations. Americans spend a serene and contented life, whereas the Mexicans live a substandard and boring life. The motive of Cándido Rincón to bring his wife to the US was to make their US dream get realized. But the native people always cast a suspicious eye upon the intents of the immigrants. Though there are some miscreants living in every society, they make every other person subject to suspicion. In the novel, where the man with the backwards cap creates the problems for the other people, they make the other people find the same suspicious treatment for themselves. The plot of the story opens accident of Cándido Rincón, who is hit by the car of Delaney Mossbacher. Delaney Mossbacher is a middle-class, nature writer. Cándido is a Mexican, illegally living in the US. Candido gets badly injured...

Words: 1239 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Take Home Test Essay

...Question #1 In class, eight social control mechanisms were introduced. Violence is only a temporary conformity. So it is not seen as being effective. Violence is characterized as being dramatically simple. It can only control some behavior. It is viewed as being weak by taking the easy way out instead of being non-deviant and going the right way to get money or whatever the deviant wants. Fraud is seen as a lie. It is a common method done by criminals. They tell lies to get what they want. They lead lives of deception not caring who they hurt in the process. Ostracism happens when a deviant starts acting out. They are looked down upon and so they are kicked out of society by getting put in jail. If you are a student and break the rules, you would be expelled or the teacher could kick you out of their class. In the matter of control beliefs, as babies you are born with no beliefs. You learn your beliefs from your parents and your community. Then when it is your turn when you are an adult, you accept that role for when you have your own children. You teach them how to take care of themselves. How to be good members of society. In life you have a fear of ridicule by your peers, teachers, friends, and family. You want constant approval so when you get ridiculed, it makes you shut down and think you are not good enough. It is effective by controlling people who do not have good self-esteem. In life you have to be very self-aware of how you dress, talk, or if you choose to get...

Words: 1199 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Time Management

...leadership as an interpersonal influence directed through communication toward goal attainment, an art that causes others to act or respond in a share direction and the art of influencing a people by persuasion or example to follow a line of action. All considered, leadership can be defined as the process of influencing the activities of an individual or an organized group towards accomplishing its goal in a given situation. In the process, leaders utilize various leadership attributes, behaviors, and approaches to attain or influence the outcome. Nelson Mandela Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born on 18 July 1918, in the tiny village of Mvezo in Transkei of the Eastern Cape. The birth name Rolihlahla literally means “pulling the branch of a tree,” but its informal meaning would be “troublemaker,” in Xhosa (Mandela, 1994). At the age of seven, Mandela became the first member in his family to attend school and receive education. Two years later, his father died and Mandela was sent to Chief Jongintaba Danlindyebo who was the acting regent of the Thembu. Chief Jongintaba adopted Mandela and took responsibility for his continuing education. Mandela had a clear understanding of the meaning of leadership and the ability a leader must possess. While growing up in the chief’s house in Mqhekezweni, Mandela started to learn about Thembu history and the changes that were brought by the arrival of whites. Mandela was impressed by the socialist structure of the traditional society;...

Words: 1138 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Family Health Nursing

...nursing profession. Today’s nurses have to focus on the psychosocial and physiological environment of a client along with the physical aspect of care. Individual’s personal circumstances play a very important role on their overall health and welfare. Family environment, family values, economic and financial support and education or knowledge base are few important factors that contribute in making individuals react. To provide optimal care, the patient has to be treated as a whole. Patients family should be included ‘as client’ rather than the background for care. What is an ideal family? There are multiple definitions of family. One definition according to The Bureau of the Census is, “two or more persons who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption and who live together as one household” (U.S.Census Bureau, 2005). Another definition of family is “two or more individuals who depend on one another for emotional, physical, and or financial support” (Lancaster, J. & Stanhope, M. 2004). The second definition seems to be broader and more suitable for today’s family. Each individual comes from different paths of life and what a family means in one’s mind, may not necessarily mean the same for someone else. Family health is used together with family...

Words: 1234 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Racism

...RRacism is a topic of discussion that will always bring out a debate. Many events have occurred that one would find horrifying just based off racism. Simply being judged or opposed by the color of your skin or ethnic features, something one has simply no control of. All humans are under one race, the human race, yet some still discriminate against others of different backgrounds. “Is racism a permanent feature of American society?” is the matter at hand though. In this article, this question is answered and given many points to view when answering this question. The debate of this question in this article begins with two different viewpoints. There is case that someone who goes by the name Derrick Bell, says yes to racism being a permanent feature in American society and then there is Dinnesh D’Souza who thinks otherwise. The article then goes to show what people believe racism is and ways to end it in American society. Derrick Bell feels that racism is a permanent feature in American society. He feels this way because there are whites that truly won’t let go of the past racial discrimination and will only stand for their color. He gives examples such as lower class whites will stand with upper class white; who don’t have a real interest in helping the lower class, rather join blacks who share the same needs as them. He also says that whites only view blacks as being lower than they are that’s why blacks don’t stand a chance in competing with whites in society. He...

Words: 1262 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Debate on Slavery

...Since America’s beginning, there has been intense debate about slavery, precisely because it raises questions about the nation’s dedication to liberty and human equality. Slavery in the Americas had a contentious history, dating back to the Aztecs. It played a major role in our history triggering at least one revolution, one civil war, and many rebellions. At the time of the America’s beginning, there were about half a million slaves in the United States, mostly in the southern states, where they made up about forty percent of the population. Slavery is a system which people are treated as property to be bought and to be sold. Slaves were held against their will from the time of capture, time of purchase or sale, or at birth, and most of them were forced to work without having any right to refuse work or the right to demand compensation. Most slaves worked long hours, they weren’t properly fed by some, didn’t get enough rest, and weren’t treated fairly as a human being. At a young age, Thomas Jefferson took the honorable but challenging task of drafting the Declaration of Independence. This was around the time when the American colonies had conflicts with their British colonies. The Declaration of Independence states some of the grievances that the American colonies had against the British. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty...

Words: 1469 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Essay Comparing The Running Man And The Handmaid's Tale

...The world's gone mad and it’s all a big party. No rebellion is in sight and no one cares to enough to think about change. People can enjoy their primal desires and vulgar fantasies presented to them by TV networks. The Handmaid’s Tale has a society trying to recover from the low birth rates that threaten humanity. Fertile women are taken seriously and anyone who disables their ability to reproduce is made an example of, violently. Though there is a rebel faction called Mayday who wish to bring down the Republic of Gilead. Eyes are pocketed everywhere to locate any traitors. No one is to be trusted and one must be on their guard. The differences between the two novels are nearly black and white. One is the loss of humanity as well as our ability to care about anyone else and their entertainment is sadistic. The other is the control of others for the sake of continuing our species. The Running Man’s atmosphere is more energetic. The Handmaid’s Tale is somber and...

Words: 1543 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Captain Antonio De La Vegan Summary

...wife could teach the Indian and turn her into a lady-in-waiting. After three years, Diego and Regina( the Indian chiefs new name) reconnected at a party where Diego asked her to marry him after waiting three painful years without his love. They were given a hefty chunk of land in Alta California, the size of a small country. There they built a house and were able to have one son because Regina ran into some complications. They named their son Diego, he with Regina’s maid’s son, Bernardo. Bernardo and Diego became what are called “milk brothers” which meant that they shared milk because Regina was in bad shape after giving birth. Both Diego and Bernardo lived in two worlds as children one was the refined mannered Spanish life the other the rugged curious Indian life. If one went somewhere the other wouldn’t be far behind. As children the boys were troublemakers but they seemed to never do anything harmful to anyone. Their Indian grandma taught them about Indian ways and even showed them caves that they found a passage that led to the house and made a secret entrance in a fireplace. The boys even captured a bear at age ten by using a sleeping drug that Diego’s grandma had created. Both Diego and Bernardo went through intense Indian training and learned how to fence but only Diego learned it first hand by his father Alejandro. They experience tragedy at very young ages, one day while Diego’s father was out of town the house was attacked by pirates. Regina was wounded and Bernardo’s...

Words: 1423 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Gender and Educational Attatinment

...Over time there has been a switch in gender success throughout education; coming into the late 1980’s underachievement by girls was common; girls were less likely than boys to obtain one or more A-levels and were less likely to go on to higher education. Coming in to the next decade of the 1990’s there was a sudden reversal; girls were now doing better than boys who were now underachieving. In 2006 10% more females were obtaining 2 or more A-levels than males. Women are now getting better degrees than men. Sociologists have looked into this gender diversion from a social perspective. What made this reversal so sudden and why did it occur? Feminists believe that the education system is patriarchal and dominated by men, just like the work force is. Feminists argue that the education system is just a primary preparation for leading into the future work force. They believe there are still gender differences in subject choice in schools. Sociologists Heaton and Lawson (1996) argue that the ‘hidden’ curriculum is a major source of gender socialisation; within education, various subjects are aimed at a certain gender group; for example cooking would be aimed at girls doing house work and cooking. While most schools now title this course, Food Technology, feminists believe that the subject is still designed to 'snare' girls into adopting a mode of behaviour a patriarchal society accept and that the gap between girls and boys is still there in today’s society. Feminists also believe that...

Words: 1732 - Pages: 7