...The Brain The Five Major Structures of The Brain At the beginning of birth there are initially three swellings in the human brain. Once adulthood is reached the brain develops two new swellings. The forebrain and the hindbrain grow into two different swellings, this is how two more are added while becoming an adult. Once as an adult the brain consists of five structures that make up the fore, mid, and hindbrain from anterior to posterior. These five structures are the Telencephalon, the Diencephalon, the Mesencephalon (mid-brain), the Metencephalon, and the myelencephalon. Myelencecephalon The Myelencephalon is the posterior part of the brain, also known as the medulla. It is composed largely of tracts carrying signals between the brain and the rest of the body. An interesting part of the Myelencephalon is called the reticular formation. Reticular formation is a complex network of around 100 tiny nuclei that occupies the central core and also the brain stem from the posterior boundary of the Myelencephalon to the anterior boundary of the midbrain. This part of the brain even plays a role in arousal which is why it is sometimes referred to as reticular activating system. However, this term can be misleading because the nuclei of the reticular formation are involved sleep, attention, movement, the maintenance of muscle tone, and various cardiac, circulatory, and respiratory reflexes. Metencephalon The Metencephalon...
Words: 706 - Pages: 3
...The Brain Terrie Oliver Axia College of University of Phoenix The Brain The brain is part of the central nervous system, which is located in the skull, and a very complex organ, with massive information data that flows throughout the body. The brain is like a hard-drive: storing daily active, awareness, memory, emotions, and reason. The brain is where decision-making is done, right, or wrong, what could have been, or should have been. The brain with all its mysterious complexities, and abilities, is one of the most study organs in the human body. The brain is divided into five divisions: the forebrain contains the Telencephalon, and the Diencephalon. In the midbrain we find the Mesencephalon, and in the hindbrain the Metencephalon, and the Myelencephalon are found. These five structures also contain divisions in their selves adding to the complexity of the human brain as we discus their functions (Pinel, 2007). The Telencephalon The Telencephalon, or cerebrum as referred to by many people, is located in the forebrain, divided into two hemispheres, is the largest of the structures, and can be compared to junction box at a train depot. Train cars are like the sensory input, and output that goes into the telencephalon, which like the junction box directs these senores, or train cars where to go. These functions could be voluntary movement, learning, solving issues, or problems, and speaking. There are other divisions found in the telencephalon and they have...
Words: 1138 - Pages: 5
...The Brain The brain is one of the most complex and magnificent organs in the human body. Our brain gives us awareness of ourselves and of our environment, processing a constant stream of sensory data. It controls our muscle movements, the secretions of our glands, and even our breathing and internal temperature. Every creative thought, feeling, and plan is developed by our brain. The brain’s neurons record the memory of every event in our lives. Anatomy of the brain There are different ways of dividing the brain anatomically into regions. Let’s use a common method and divide the brain into three main regions based on embryonic development: the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Under these divisions: The forebrain (or prosencephalon) is made up of our incredible cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland among other features. Neuroanatomists call the cerebral area the telencephalon and use the term diencephalon (or interbrain) to refer to the area where our thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland reside. The midbrain (or mesencephalon), located near the very center of the brain between the interbrain and the hindbrain, is composed of a portion of the brainstem. The hindbrain (or rhombencephalon) consists of the remaining brainstem as well as our cerebellum and pons. Neuroanatomists have a word to describe the brainstem sub-region of our hindbrain, calling it the myelencephalon, while they use the word metencephalon in reference to our...
Words: 3467 - Pages: 14
...The brain is a vital organ in our flourishing body. It has astronomical assessments that are performed on a daily basis. The brain empowers the nervous system, the learning ability, the sensory information, coordinates the function of the body and stimulates our mind in order to live and survive in the world of living organisms. The mind empowers emotions and reactions towards certain situations. Emotions are usually developed from surrounding environments, settings, experiences, oras and through the sensory information that is gathered in the mind. Reactions are achieved based on knowledge, experience, and emotions. Emotions, experiences and reactions help us identify our beliefs in life to help determine what is right based on our values, morals and ethics. After determining what is right the ability to act upon the belief of righteousness is the hardcore of the matter. Due to barriers, consequences and others reaction, people tend to not always do they believe is right. An individual that faces many difficulties in life has to struggle with trying to do the right thing in the situation. The individual begins to think if they do the right thing would it then be the best thing and not taking into consideration the long term effect. When the individual is being faced with difficulties it then becomes difficult to react on other situations other than the problems they are faced. Sometimes they would not do what they believe is right because they are concerned and want to...
Words: 726 - Pages: 3
...Bennett The Brian The brain is consisting of three main sections. They are the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain. These are connected to the central nervous system of the spinal cord (Pinel, 2011). The three sections of the brain can be subdivided into five main structures. The forebrain is where the two main structures reside; this includes the telencephalon and diencephalon which are located within the central nervous system. The midbrain is where the mesencephalon is located along with the hindbrain; the forebrain has the two final structures which are metencephalon and myelencephalon these main structures reside within the central nervous system of the brain (Pinel, 2011). The Myelencephalon, which is known as the medulla, that is located in the hindbrain, this, is the most position part of the brain. The medulla of the brain is the main structure that can carry signals throughout the entire body (Pinel, 2011). The medulla is responsible for the reticular that controls information within the brains central nervous system. The reticular information can be a complex network of the white and gray matter; this can smooth the transition between the descending and ascending signals of the central nervous system within the myelencephalon. The reticular information affects other functions of the body that includes sleep, movements, and arousal. The myelencephalon along with its reticular information can process structures of the brain that can become more serious...
Words: 910 - Pages: 4
...The Brain The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It is the control center for the everyday activities we take part in. Being in the central nervous system, the brain receives messages from all parts of the body, and then sends a message back to the body telling it how to respond to the situation. But, the brain is made of different parts and each of these parts does their own separate job for making the brain run smoothly. The cerebral hemispheres are made up of five lobes, the frontal, parietal, temporal, and the insula. These lobes are the parts of the brain, which control speech, logic, imagination and so much more. The cerebral hemispheres also control voluntary movement, conscious awareness of sensation, and integrate diverse information. The information that is delivered through the brain must go through the thalamus first. The thalamus acts like a relay station for the brain, all the sensory messages go to the thalamus and get sorted out before going to the cerebral hemispheres. Another role the thalamus has is in the memory and learning aspect that humans need to develop their brain. Below the thalamus is the hypothalamus, and the hypothalamus controls many visceral functions. It regulates your blood pressure, the rate of your heartbeat, and the rate at which you breathe. Also, the hypothalamus maintains the body temperature, and regulates both hunger and sleep, which are needed to maintain homeostasis. Towards the back of the brain, the medulla...
Words: 395 - Pages: 2
...The Brain Kelly Hart PSY/240 February 14, 2016 Pamela Reeves The Brain The brain is such a fascinating and complex area of the human anatomy. Let’s take a few minutes to learn about the five major structures of the brain, and what they do. As we begin, let’s take a look at the telencephalon first. The telencephalon is part of the cerebral hemisphere, located in the forehead, and is by far the largest division of the brain. The telencephalon, along with the help of the cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia, the hippocampus, and the amygdaloidal nucleus control an array of functions. The telencephalon is instrumental in promoting our language function, voluntary movements, takes in and assesses sensory input, and reconciles complex cognitive systems like learning problem solving, and as mentioned above, language. The basal ganglia located within the telencephalon and the diencephalon contributes to motor function. The hippocampus and the amygdaloidal nucleus located in the lower cortex, play an essential role in emotional expressions. The cerebral cortex brings the telencephalon, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and amygdalin nucleus together coordinating all their functions and maintain the memory of these functions. The diencephalon is divided into two elements: the thalamus and the hypothalamus. The diencephalon is located in the forebrain, and controls a lot of the autonomic functions (subconscious functions) of the peripheral nervous system. The thalamus is a two lobed area...
Words: 809 - Pages: 4
...A computer carries out functions through electrical currents. Similar to our brain and body, the brain carries out functions through our nerves. The brain gets information, processes that information, and then sends it out to the rest of the body. A large amount of information is put out to the body through the spinal cord, telling the body to do voluntary and involuntary acts. The brain is broken down into three swellings with five structures, the forebrain consists of the telencephalon, and the diencephalon, the midbrain consists of the mesencephalon, and the hindbrain consists of the metencephalon and the myelencephalon. The three swellings of the brain are the forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain. The forebrain is the anterior of one’s brain. The midbrain is the small central part of the brain stem. The hindbrain is the lower part of the brain stem that compresses the cerebellum, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. These three swellings develop as a person ages and becomes adults. The first structure of the forebrain is the telencephalon, which is the largest part of the brain and controls the most difficult functions. It controls the voluntary actions that the human makes, like the ability to learn, the ability to speak, and knowing how to solve problems. This structure also controls one’s level of intelligence, one’s personality, and begins able to smell, and touch. The telencephalon is made up of many structures, the cerebral cortex, major fissures, major gyri...
Words: 695 - Pages: 3
...The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. The brain produces our every thought, action, memory, and feeling. It controls our voluntary movements, and it regulates involuntary activities such as breathing and heartbeat. The Brain is a jelly like mass of tissue, weighing in at around 3 pounds, and constitutes about 2 percent of total body weight but uses 20 per cent of the oxygen used by the entire body when at rest. The brain can go without oxygen for only three to five minutes before serious damage results. The brain contains a staggering one hundred billion nerve cells, or neurons. The left hemisphere of the brain controls the right side of the body while the right hemisphere of the brain controls the left side of the body. Our brains are made mostly of water 78 percent, fat 10 percent, and protein 8 percent. A living brain is so soft that you could cut it with a butter knife. The brain is not just a mass of tissue; the brain serves as the seat of human consciousness: it stores our memories, enables us to feel emotions, and gives us our personalities. In short words the brain dictates the behaviors that allow us to survive and makes us who we are. The brain consists of three major divisions: (1) the massive paired hemispheres of the cerebrum, which include the Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, and Temporal Lobes on the left and right hemispheres. (2) The brainstem, consisting of the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus, midbrain, pons, and medulla...
Words: 1666 - Pages: 7
...The Brain The brain weighs about three pounds and involves about 10 million neurons ("Major Structures of the Brain", 2008). Cells that support the brain system are known as Glial cells. The brain consists of three major divisions known as the forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain ("Major Structures of The Brain", 2008). The neurons in the brain process information and are the nervous systems transmitting device. Most neurons are broken down into four structures: o The Soma – the cell body which houses and protects the nucleus. o The Dendrite – the branch-like mechanism that the neuron receives information through. o The Axon – the long, thin tube-like structure that carries the information sent from the soma to the terminal buttons. o Terminal Buttons – small knob-like structures at the end of each branch of the axon. These buttons secrete neurotransmitters. The forebrain consists of the telencephalon and the diencephalon. The midbrain consists of the mesencephalon which is then broken down into the tectum and the tegmentum. The hindbrain consists of the metencephalon which is broken down into the cerebellum, pons, and the myelencephalon which is comprised of the medulla oblongata. The telencephalon is at the anterior part of the brain and is made up of the basil ganglia, the cerebral cortex, the olfactory bulb, and the corpus striatum. The functions of the telencephalon are: o Determines Intelligence o Determines Personality o Interprets Sensory Impulses o Organization...
Words: 824 - Pages: 4
...120 25 January 2010 Brain Plasticity Brain plasticity is a term that sounds so odd to most of us. The term itself is the process of the human brain being able to change for better or for worse throughout life. Jodie was a young girl whose brain started changing rapidly. Her right hemisphere was not working the way that it was supposed to resulting in her losing the ability to use the left side of her body. She also started having seizers at a young age. She underwent a surgery that’s outcome would be to live the rest of her life with only half of her brain. This outcome to most people is shocking. My first judgment was that it was impossible. After watching this clip I was amazed at how the brain, or rather the human body is able to adjust to such drastic changes. In the clip Dr. Benjamin Carson stated “Human beings are incredible creatures with a brain that is beyond belief in terms of its capabilities; to the point where we can take half of it out and still function in a normal way.” Once she had gone through the surgery she was able to walk out of the hospital within 10 days. That is amazing that such a young girl can go through that and still be living a normal life. Of course after the physical change there are several changes that happen to the body, but because of the plasticity she was ambulant. The reason she is able to be functioning is because of plasticity which is when the brain changes shape creating new connections between neurons or brain cells to replace lost...
Words: 336 - Pages: 2
...funcionality of the three parts of the brain . 3.) The three parts of the brain are the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Intro First Sentence | The definition of anarchy is a state of disorder due to absence or nonrecognition of authority. A country without a leader will not last. An army without a general will likely be obliterated. Functioning systems require something in control in order for survival. Your body is a functioning system and the brain is in control. Without your brain, your body would be an anarchy and could not survive. Preview Sentence | I will explain to you the three parts of the brain, which are the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain, and the basic functions of the different structures within these main parts. Body I | Forebrain, including the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus. II | Midbrain, including the tectum and tegmentum. III | Hindbrain, including the cerebellum, pons, and medulla Conclusion Summary | And now you should understand the three parts of the brain, the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain, and the basic functions of the different structures within these main parts. Final Sentence | Now, you can use your brain to think about how your brain works. Sources "3 Main Parts of the Brain | Alzheimer's Association." 3 Main Parts of the Brain. Alzheimer's Association, n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2015. Mastin, Luke. "Parts of the Brain - Memory & the Brain - The Human Memory." Parts of the Brain. The Human Memory, 2010. Web. 21 Feb....
Words: 272 - Pages: 2
... * There are five major divisions which hold a specific function in the brain. These major divisions or structures are very important and can often be described or compared to neighborhoods or districts due to how they have different locations in the same area. The early development of the brain begins explaining the five major divisions and what each one does in particular. In the vertebrate embryo, the tissue that eventually develops into the CNS is recognizable as a fluid-filled tube. The first indications of the developing brain are three swellings that occur at the anterior end of this tube (Pinel, 2011). These three swellings with time develop into what is known as the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Before birth, the three swellings in the neural tube become five which occur when the forebrain swelling grows into two different swellings just like the hindbrain. The five swellings then make up the brain at birth. These five sections or swellings are known as the Telencephalon, Deincephalon, Mesencephalon, Metencephalon and Myelencephalon. * The Myelencephalon, also known as the Medulla Oblongata, is located in the most posterior division of the brain (Hindbrain). The Mylencephalon is responsible for delivering signals between the brain and the entire body and responsible for reticular formation. Reticular formation is known for its net-like appearance that occupies the core of the brain stem and parts of it play a role arousal as well as other functions like sleep...
Words: 830 - Pages: 4
...because it explains in general the changes the body and brain adolescents have and why this is happening, also covers risky behavior that these teenagers are prone to have such alcohol, drugs, multiple sex partners, speeding etc. This video is great because I feel identified since I felt some of those symptoms and also saw some of those risky behaviors in my friends and other neighbors of the same cohort. I can understand my nephews and nieces that are teenagers better at this time. I love this video because talks in general way about developmental changes in middle age children, this video is taught by is a young boy, which uses thir same language, that makes it more interesting for teenagers. Highlight some of the key points made by the author Video “the teenager brain explained” Some of the behaviors that teens experiments in adolescence are anger, depression, and sleep depravation. This video explains the adolescent body changes and behaviors why it happens. The change of the body starts with the release of hormones that make the body to grow and change. Also the brain goes for changes that increase with de Prefrontal cortex region that is responsible for controlling impulses, emotions and forming judgments, in teenagers this region is not fully developed until mid-twenties. The myelinations of the axons are responsible for sending faster signals to the brain and start to insulate this axons in the back of the brain. This process of melinizacion is still growing so...
Words: 496 - Pages: 2
...Term Paper: Aggression and the Brain Aggression as a general term refers to the act of inflicting physical or verbal harm with the intentions of causing pain. It is very questionable why people choose to harm each other especially if there is no reason, such as self defense, involved, but research has been evolving on that issue to show how the biology of the brain is related to aggression and how different the neurochemistry of the brain of an aggressive person to a non aggressive one. “Violent behavior never erupts from a single cause, rather it results from a combination of risk factors — among them inherited tendencies, a traumatic childhood and other negative experiences — that interact and aggravate one another” (Strueber). Basically putting together this combination of likely explanations of aggression may let one see the whole picture of why people become so aggressive. The biology of the brain and aggression seek to be explained in two different ways, in terms of androgens which are male hormones and the level of serotonin in the brain. In general it is important to talk about aggression and understand its possible manifestations because aggression is important in human existence therefore being aware of its likely biological causes will help us understand better why there is a high rate of aggression, violence and suicide and make us perceive it from the biological aspect rather than from the cultural or the individual context. First of all, the first linkage...
Words: 1282 - Pages: 6
