...Agricultural Revolution: Relationship between Men and Women To understand why the relationship between men and women changed after the Agricultural Revolution we must first get a brief overview of how women were viewed prior to the Agricultural Revolution and what role they played. With the help of archeologist and history recorded we are able to contrast the differences in history of views of power between men and women. There are three different stages of human development in history: hunting and gathering, farming, city life. A woman’s role changed during each of these stages. Prior to agricultural revolution, during the hunting and gathering stage, women had a very important role in gathering and creating sustainability and preservation of food. There was no private property and riches and they had no variation in wealth and power because everyone did a lot of the same work; hunting and gathering. Women where objects of warship and fertility gods. After the Agricultural Revolution the relationship between men and women changed due to the change in agriculture which became more advanced and women’s roles changed and therefore the view on the importance between a man and a woman also changed. Women where more independent and free in the hunting and gathering stage then they are today. Why did the relationship between men and women change after the Agricultural Revolution? It is natural human behavior to honor and respect those that provide for fellow mankind in the most...
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...Shift Between Traditional and Modern Society From the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century till the present day, the shift between tradition and modernity has developed incredibly. The relationship between traditional and modern society, also known as ‘Mass society,’ is distinguished between the past and present, along with continuity and change. The establishment of different inventions and customs from traditional society have been handed down from generations to generations, which help shape modern society. However, one may wonder, what are the main features from traditional society that have made a dramatic impact for life today? Also, is one more sympathetic to one society, than the other? Traditional and modern families have several differences in terms of family honour, gender roles in the labour force and marriage, along with the role of government on legitimate killings and the food markets. Furthermore, technology from the industrial revolution, such as, the automobile, coal mines, and steam engines also played a great role. Thus, through the many different concepts, the role of family, government and technology, one can see that modern society is better developed and more individualistic than traditional society. FAMILY In traditional society, the honour of one’s family is based on the behaviour of the family as a whole. An individual who does something wrong, can affect not only their own honour, but also the honour of the entire family. This results in a...
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...Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics | Final paper- Belgium- China | Introduction to China – Yang Jing | | Nora Rijpstra | 2013-2014 | Contents Foreword 4 1. Basic information of Belgium. 5 2. Politics in Belgium 7 2.1 Constitution 7 2.2 Government 8 2.2.1 Head of state 8 2.2.2 Federal government 8 2.2.3 Regional and community governments 8 2.2.4 Provincial and local government 9 2.2.5 Legislative 9 2.2.6 Judiciary 10 2.3 Elections and parties 10 2.3.1 Electoral system 10 2.3.2 Political parties 11 2.4 Linguistic division 12 2.4.1 Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde district 13 2.5 Own opinion. 13 3. How to do business with Belgium 14 3.1 Belgian management style 14 3.2 Belgian meetings 14 3.3 Communication style 14 4. Marriage in Belgium 15 4.1 The wedding dress 15 4.2 The bridal veil 16 4.3 Before the law 16 4.4 Right or left? 16 4.5 Bridesmaids 16 4.6 The bridal bouquet 17 4.7 The wedding rings 17 4.8 The church portal 17 4.9 The speech during the evening party 17 4.10 The wedding cake 18 4.11 Over the doorstep 18 4.12 Own vision on the Belgian marriage 18 Foreword With this final paper for the class Introduction to China, I would like to thank my teacher Yang Jing, the office for overseas students and the Chinese student volunteers. All of them made it possible for all the overseas students to make this an unforgettable semester and experience. In...
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...Contents Introduction 2 Pre-wedding ceremonies 3 Wedding ceremony 6 Post wedding ceremonies 7 Time orientation 8 Low uncertainty avoidance and high uncertainty avoidance. 8 High and low context culture 9 Masculine or Feminine culture 10 Indian Wedding Introduction In our culture, marriage symbolizes not just the sacred union of two individuals, but of the coming together of two families and extended families as well. Their level of involvement is so profound that typically the family decides the bride or groom. In fact, even till a few decades ago the bride and the groom saw each other for the first time only on their wedding day. This trend has changed in urban areas, and in the present day, youngsters have a better say in choosing their life partner. Families search for eligible partners for their children through word of mouth or marriage priests primarily. However with the internet revolution in online matrimonial sites are also becoming quite a hit. Arranged marriages are strictly intra-religion and intra-caste. Compatibility of the couple is assessed on the basis of horoscopes, and if good, then an alliance is sought for. In urban areas, the couple goes a step further to interact and see if their interests and natures match. If the alliance is agreeable to both parties, they proceed to plan for the engagement ceremony and the wedding. Though arranged marriages are still the norm, love marriages are becoming a common occurrence these days, predominantly...
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...The marriage of Tobias and Sarah was a painting done by Jan Steen in 1673. The piece of art was done using oil, painted on a canvas material. Jan Steen, who lived between 1626 and 1679, also named the work The Marriage Contract. According to Nash, Orr and Stewart (84), the theme of the picture is drawn from the book of Tobit 3:7-17 in the Old Testament. It was done based on the status of marriage during that time. The picture shows a priest instituting a wedding. The two lovers are sitting by either side of the president, ready to sign the marriage contract forms; that is probably a short time after exchanging vows. There are also other witnesses, as the setting proves the more to be in a religious place of worship. Tobias marries Sara as her parents watch the signing of the marriage contract, as visitors take to the party. It is Sara’s seventh marriage due to possession by a demon. However, Raphael the Archangel casts out the devil (Nash, Orr and Stewart 84). The piece of art represented the kind of life present in the Netherlands during the Seventeenth Century. He aimed at exposing the knowledge he had about his surroundings. There are two main reasons that led Jan Steen to paint the painting. Firstly, Steen spent much of his life in Leiden since he belonged to the Rhetoricians. Secondly, he wanted to expose the positive aspect of the community he belonged to. He achieved this by redesigning some of the previous paintings and adding a positive aspect to them. For instance...
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...Jose Triana wrote the story Medea in the Mirror in the early 60’s (during the Cuban revolution). The play shares some very similar themes with the Roman myth of Medea written by Euripides. Medea in the Mirror furthermore represents Latin American plays based on Greek novels, because they all contain a sequence of similar elements such as, the outline of both plot, the task of the characters and the intrusion of songs. It can therefore be concluded that Jose Triana wrote Medea in the Mirror to shed light on the racial, gender, social, spiritual and economic disparities during that era of Batista rule. More so, she sheds more light on the perception of culture and religion with specific focus on the belief and or disbelief of the so-called supernatural world. Jose Triana’s main character, Maria, a black woman of high social class in pre- Revolution Cuba, is posed to accept discrimination imposed by her society, but fights against them with her status within her nuclear family. Maria faced eviction from Perico while her husband Julian was chasing after a newly white woman as his new bride. All these circumstances in which Maria is going through makes her feel out of place. However Maria is able to identify herself via her position within her nuclear family. Maria’s role in her society as well as her household makes her speak in commanding tone of voice to others in her environment making them feel less inferior to her. There is a scene in the play on (pg 134) in which Maria’s...
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...spirit. When a person died, their body would be moved to a place where people called the “bone pickers” removed the flesh from the bones. After the bone pickers were done, the bones were moved once more to their final destination: a proper burial mound. The customs of the Choctaw tribe are very similar to its neighbouring tribes, such as the Caddo Indians. The elderly were treated with respect, women made clothing, men did the hunting, and children helped. The elders knew that a treatment for a common illness was through sweating. On celebratory occasions, drums were used in pre and post-battle dances. In marriage ceremonies, the bride and groom are placed on a mat by their families. Then, gifts would be piled around the couple as wedding presents. Most of the time, the bride and groom race to the place where they are to be married. If the bride was not caught, the ceremony would not continue. Otherwise, everything would go as planned. The Choctaw were generally peaceful unless another tribe attacked them. They never went to war without some form of justification. The kinds of weapons the Choctaw used consisted of bows, arrows, and spears. These were used for hunting game as well as fighting. Food wasn’t always plentiful, and there is a legend about corn and its origins. The corn legend describes the struggle for finding food. There were two hunters searching for food to feed the tribe, but they had no luck. The two decide to rest for the night and see what they can do in...
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...sexual behavior that is considered aberrant in some cultures as a normative behavior in other cultures. In fact, it is this diversity of “normal” sexual behavior that is the most informative aspect of learning about sexual behavior in other cultures, because it helps explain that what is considered deviant in some cultures is considered normal in other cultures. Of course, examining diverse cultural sexual norms does not mean that all abnormal sexual practices should be embraced as elements of cultural diversity. The fact that a behavior might be considered normative and may be adapted to further cultural norms does not mean that the behavior is necessarily positively adaptive. For example, child brides are the norm in many cultures. The practice of permitting child brides serves to unite families, shift the financial burden of females to other families, and provide men with wives, so it does serve some positive social roles. However, that does not mean that the young girls who are married to adult men benefit from the process or that any benefits that they do receive would not be equally applicable if they were to be married as adults. Therefore, it is important...
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...The Monumentally Motivational Martha Few women of the revolutionary era can compare to the massively influential female figure that is Martha Washington. Fondly attractive and loved by all who knew her, this female pursued her passions in a way all her own. She strove to establish new and helpful schemes for those she cared about. Without Martha the American Revolution as we know it may have been a complete loss to the justice seeking patriots. Born as Martha Dandridge on June 2, 1731 in New Kent County, Virginia, Martha was raised on the Chestnut Grove plantation. At a young age, her parents began instilling upon her the normal responsibilities that would be hers as a future bride. She was also educated at an early age, a rarity to women...
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...Child Brides of the Middle East Verses American Courtship Sadarodawn ANT101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Gregory Miller March 13, 3013 Child Brides of the Middle East Verses American Courtship When we begin to look at other cultures, we must try to see it from their perspective. By putting ourselves in someone else's shoes, or an emic perspective, although rarely ever easy, we are able to see things differently. One must put away their own beliefs, opinions, and emotions, along with the assumption that their own culture is the "right" or "better" culture. Today we are going to take a look at my own culture through an outsider's point of view know as an etic point of view while examining that culture from an insider's perspective. We will be covering the arranged child bride marriages of Middle Eastern countries, specifically Pakistan, compared to more complex love matches that are made here in the United States. In this, we will note that while courtship and marriage in United States may be more complex having less health and social risks, child marriage is still the preference in Pakistan. Part I In this part of the paper, we are looking at marriage and courtship in the United States. In the 1930s through the 1940s whirlwind courtships were common. After World War II couples were getting married in their 20s. Today the average age for a male is 28 years of age and 26 years of age for a female to get married. (USA Today 2010) " When I went to...
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...the Ironclad, designed by Captain John Ericsson and Robert L. Stevens, has impacted the world by advancing naval warfare technology. It gave America more influence in Europe and put America ahead of Europe in naval matters. The impact and influence changed naval warfare’s forever by forcing wooden ships to become obsolete. The Ironclad was among the first technological and modern tools of war. Its impact on technology in navies can still be seen today in the designs and the construction of naval ships.(Mac Bride,1) It has impacted technology in the way ships are built. Because of the ironclads the ships that are used in wars today are much safer. They are stronger and easier to maneuver. The first ironclad to ironclad battle between the Merrimac and the Monitor was long and drawn out. Although neither one emerged victorious, the world began to see what a major improvement in warfare these ironclads were. A reporter from the Norfolk Day wrote: “This work will create a revolution in naval warfare. America’s improvement has impacted naval history in a way that no other invention ever has!” Many times in United States history the major nations of the world, such as England, France and Germany, have ignored the United States in political matters but this invention and the ironclad to ironclad battle changed a large percentage of their attitudes toward the United States. It made America become feared and respected by large European nations and all the major nations looked at this invention...
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...Marriage War Bride in Armenian genocide Armenian genocide recognized by 22 Nations (including the Argentina), is an issue of high sensitivity that was always denied by Turkey. Francisco was the first Pope to verbally denounce that the Armenian people were “genocide". Exactly one hundred years ago, there began one of the most discussed event in the history of Turkey is the Armenian genocide. It is the killing of Armenian citizens during the First World War. The eventual happenings of those mass murders generated strong tensions with Turkey, by mentioning that the political heir of the Turkish Ottoman Empire responsible for the carnage (Smith 1-22).. But he refused to acknowledge the responsibility of academics, Governments and international organizations. The bodies of the women and children were basically the subject of protagonist discourses and the policies. The issue of belief in Armenian genocide and proof have brought the acceptance towards the continuing disputes that the crimes against the Armenian people were part of the many claims which were intended to target the Christian Armenians. During the Armenian genocide, Armenian women were owned and were forcibly kept as the wife and sex slave. This paper discusses the War bride in the Armenian genocide which had adverse effects afterwards. Body: The genocide definition corresponded to the nationalist government of the young Turks, who seemed to share the idea of equal citizenship with ethno-religious minorities (Greeks...
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...Emmanuel Mensah Nathaniel C. Leonard English 144 6 – 3 – 2011 Medea in the Mirror The story Medea in the Mirror was written by Jose Triana in the early 60s during the period of the Cuban revolution. The play clearly explores some thoughts similarly to the Roman edition of Medea myth written by Euripides. Medea in the Mirror furthermore represents Latin American plays base on Greek novels, because they all contain a sequence of similar elements such as, the outline of both plot, the task of the characters and the intrusion of songs. It can therefore observed that Jose Triana wrote Medea in the Mirror to shed light on the racial, gender, social, spiritual and economic disparities during that era of Batista rule. Jose Triana main character known as Maria a black woman of high social class in pre- Revolution Cuba, is posed to accept discrimination imposed by her society, but fights against them with her status within her nuclear family. Maria faced eviction from Perico while her husband Julian was chasing after a newly a white woman as his new bride. All these circumstance in which Maria was going through made her feel alienated. However Maria is able to identify herself via her position within her nuclear family. Maria’s role in her society as well as her household makes her speak in commanding tone of voice to others in her environment making...
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...Throughout history women have been involved in clandestine and terrorist activities. Although, a significant amount of discourse revolves around male participation and leadership within terrorist organizations the literature presented exposes how valuable women have been in progressing various causes. Through recruitment and of their own volition women have entered into a male dominated arena to assert their capability to effectively navigate operating within an organization that promotes terror. The literature to follow presents historiographical patterns as to how women become involved in such regimes and how they survive the life of their involvement as a female combatant. Oppression has been a motivating factor for women to become involved with terrorist organizations. Upon investigating female terrorists in the Russian Socialist Revolutionary Party, Knight (1979) found that many of the women who flocked to groups such as the previously mentioned one felt that their opportunities were jilted by an androcentric system. Knight (1979) postulated that the women driven towards committing terrorist acts endorsing violence were “highly motivated, self-assertive young women who may have turned to terror out of a sense of isolation and frustration nurtured in a society that offered them so little opportunity” (p. 145). Oppression being a highly motivating factor to propel women into committing heinous acts was also echoed in Hellmann-Rajanayagam’s (2008) depiction of women members...
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...Marriage Practices within other Cultures ANT101 Jason Randall Thompson, Ph.D October 14, 2013 Marriage Practices within other Cultures Marriage is a fundamental cornerstone of human economic, social, and kinship networks Murdock (1949). Indeed, marriage as an elementary principle of human kinship systems has long been considered a central aspect of between group alliances Levi-Strauss (1949). The exchange of mates among kin groups and accompanying networks of economic exchange are widespread and arguably create the foundation of human social organization Chapais B (2008; 2010). However, considerable cultural variation around the world opens up the question of whether regulated exchange of mates across kin groups represents the ancestral form of marriage or whether it is a recently derived consequence of more intensive modes of subsistence. This question is important to answer because in some societies marriage is a nonchalant affair with limited regulation in courtship marriages with no prescriptions, while in others marriages are arranged and regulated by complex rules and prescriptions Chapais B (2008); Flinn MV, Low BS (1986). Humans lived as hunter-gatherers for most of our species’ history hence cultural variation amongst recent hunter-gatherers may be useful for reconstructing ancestral human social structure (Lee RB, DeVore I, eds; Hawkes K, O’Connell JF, Blurton-Jones NG (2001); Marlowe F, 2003). When we examine marriage practices of American, Israeli, and Pakistani...
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