...By partaking in three unique scenarios of both elastic and inelastic collisions, I was able to conclude that speed and velocity are both conserved. This conclusion was made through the change in velocity of a cart relative to its "crasher". For example: throughout the different-mass elastic collisions, the speed that which the cart started and ended were equivalent - indicating that there was conservation of speed, in addition to the complete transfer of velocity. However, in the different-mass elastic collisions, the transfer of the speed of the cart was not complete, but instead, the lighter cart moved quicker than the heavier cart. This shows us that although force may be the same, the transfer of momentum shows us why the lighter cart moves more quickly than the slower. Throughout our previous unit, we described the constant velocity of objects in motion. That laid the basis for this next unit, where we will be studying why and how the object moves the way it does, specifically the "push" or "pull" of force. The heavier cart in a same-direction elastic collision seems to push the lighter cart, which causes an increase in speed for the lighter cart. Although we may have brushed on the surface of movement, this unit will pave the path for further investigation on velocity as well as momentum. According to today's lab, it is possible to measure the mass of the carts and then multiple the mass by the velocity to determine momentum. These two things will be related to almost...
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...Introduction When an object collides with another, momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not. This experiment was designed to find if the coefficient of restitution, e, changes for high-velocity collisions. At low velocities colliding objects will tend to maintain their shape, size and elasticity, so e is likely to be constant over a range. However, at high velocities colliding objects may change their physical properties and therefore a change (probably a reduction) in e may be observed. A small reduction in e was observed, but this was probably accounted for by air resistance and not a change in the material. Theory When a collision occurs, total momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not. When a ball, for example, bounces off the floor, it loses a little momentum to the Earth so the total momentum of the system is unchanged. Its KE, given by the formula [pic], assuming it was dropped from rest, will reduce and it will bounce to a height lower than its original height, as shown in diagram 1: Diagram 1: ‘H’ is drop height and ‘h’ is bounce height. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the difference in the initial speed and the final speed: (i) is the general formula for e, (ii) is when distances are measured on a drop (one object is stationary), and (iii) is when velocities are measured and one of the objects is stationary. Equation (ii) will be used here. Method Apparatus: Rubber ball, camera, floor...
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...Mid Air Collisions Brian Saunders Human Factors David Miller June 18, 2011 Abstract No pilot is immune from a mid air collision and it is one of the pilot’s worst nightmares. Although rare, mid air collisions are a tragic event of when two airplanes collide with each other during flight. Statically speaking, nearly all mid air collisions happen during daylight hours and in Visual flight rules (VFR) conditions and astonishing enough, the greater part of mid air collisions take place within five miles from the airport. The first recorded mid air accident occurred at an air show in the city of Milan, Italy on October 3, 1910. Even though it was a miracle that both pilots survived the accident, mid air collisions would continue to occur without this favorable of an outcome. By the nineteen fifties, and with the introduction of the new generation commercial airplanes, people started to travel more by air than by train; a spur of change was needed. Between the years of nineteen fifty-six and nineteen fifty-eight, two high profile mid air collisions accidents occurred in uncontrolled air space. The accident between a United DC-7 and a TWA Constellation collided and crashed on 30 June 1956 over the Grand Canyon in Arizona killing all one hundred and twenty-eight passengers and crew. The second notable mid air collision was between a United Airlines Douglas DC-7 aircraft with forty-two passengers and two crew and a United States Air Force North American F-100 Super Sabre...
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...A collision occurs when two objects collide together creating an external force that is either zero or smaller. The goals of this lab were to find out what happens to the linear momentum and kinetic energy of different objects when they collide. Also, what happens to the momentum and kinetic energy in a completely inelastic collision and perfectly elastic collision? For completely inelastic collision the linear momentum should be conserved, but the kinetic energy should not be conserved. On the other hand, the linear momentum and the kinetic energy should both be conserved during perfectly elastic collision. Kf / Ko should equal one for perfectly elastic collision and, it should equal the mass of 1 divided by the sum of the mass 1 and 2 for...
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...Alert and Collision Avoidance System and the Human Element Terry D. Gilfillan Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Abstract This paper describes the history of the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS). It will discuss the types or categories of and the operation of the system of TCAS, to include the components involved, how the system interacts with other aircraft that are equipped with TCAS, and the related warnings and/or notifications of the system. Also discussed is the human element related to the operation and interaction of TCAS. These human elements include the human senses and situational awareness. Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System and the Human Element Two planes collide in the skies somewhere over the Grand Canyon on 30 June 1956. Because of this collision and many others, the aviation industry came to the realization that some type of system or process had to be created to help with the prevention of these collisions. Several companies began the design of collision avoidance systems, however it wasn’t easy, as they had to overcome two specific obstacles. First, the air carrier would have to install or outfit their fleets with the new hardware for the system and that would prove to be very expensive. The second obstacle; there would still be a lot of planning and development to do before TCAS would be up and running efficiently. That being said, TCAS was still in development on 31 August 1986 when a midair collision between a...
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...driving. In today’s world, car collisions are one of the major causes on deaths in the United States. Thousands of people die every year from car collisions due to driver error, some of which are: drinking and driving, texting while driving, and not wearing a safety belt. The Alive at 25 course is meant to teach young adults the hazards that come with unsafe driving, in the hopes that they will become better and safer drivers so that they will not end up in the emergency room or the morgue due to a car collision. In this essay, I will cover some of the main topics we discussed in the Alive at 25 course and I will outline what I have learned from this material. One of the first topics we discussed in class was some of the statistics that have been developed in regards to car collisions within specific age groups. The Alive at 25 course focuses on the 15-24 year old age group, this group is known as Group 1, as people in this age group are the youngest amongst drivers in the United States. Motor vehicle crashes are the number one cause of death of 15-24 year olds with almost 11,000 people dying every year. We also discussed some percentages of drivers who are considered Group 1 (age 15-25), drivers in this age group consist of: 14% of licensed drivers, 27% of all people involved in collisions, 21% of people who die from collisions with other vehicles, 34% of people who die from collisions with fixed objects, 28% of people who die from non-collision events (such as a car flipping)...
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...to spend the rest of his life in hell, just to be able to hang with his wife for eternity. The movie begins with the encounter of the two soul mates, both who were spending their time on their sailboats, one of which had a red sail symbolizing seduction, love, sexuality, but also sacrifice and danger, the boat was owned by Annabella Sciorra who is played by Annie Nielsen , who happens to be Chris’ wife later on the movie. They strongly fall in love with each other and they had 2 children, Ian and Marie , played by Josh Paddock and Jessica Brooks Grant, both who died after being involved in a collision and the tragic event destroys Annabella and Chris’ life by leaving an empty space in their heart. The quietness of their house and the uncertainty of their future made Anabella have a mental breakdown and after going through a rough path, his husband (who is a doctor), dies in an car collision accident; while he was trying to save someone who was trapped inside their car after being flipped over by impact of his car and the other vehicles colliding. After this other tragedy she sees suicide as her only escape from that nightmare and without knowing the “rules” of heaven she kills herself condemning her soul to an eternity in hell and without any chance of seeing paradise and her family. Chris Nielsen is a perseverant and secure...
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...When we hear the world collision the first thing we think is crash. In scientific words collision occurs when more than two objects collide against each other as a result, the born of many physics forces like momentum, impulse, inertia and friction. But what is the relationship between collision and a car crash? What we may not notice is that physics is all around us in our life and every life event involves its. The path we take every morning in our way to school, the traveling of the car is a very good example. Studies prove and affirm that the survivors of severe car crashes, survive thanks to the way of protection they used and how is the car designed with specific and special safety precautions. That was our main point we wanted to achieve while making our car for the project. Our design was basically a truck like a jeep. It was all made up of carboard, wood and other small details that beenfit the truck to make it heavier, more rough and hard. It was also covered with newspaper, as a result, giving the car a very hard texture. The passengers seat, was made up all of soft materials like cotton, pads and sponges. The egg was attached with two rubber strings, simulating a safety seat bealt and helping as a support for the egg. All this details and spefcific design had a main goal and something specific to achieve: preventing the egg from breaking and keep it secure in its seat. The demostration of collision and all its forces acting against in this experiment consisted...
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...there are two possible results, one is the gravitational force will push them apart, or they will collide. When two objects or in this case galaxies, come together they would exert some of their gravitational force on each other, as an effect both galaxies can change shape. “Both crashes and near misses between galaxies are referred to as "interactions”. You can see two galaxies interacting. You can see they are being distorted by the gravitational interaction between them.” 2 The second effect is collision, as galaxies become fairly close together, its might merge together and collide. This merging/collision is sometimes known as a pair, or as a companion of one another. Sometimes smaller galaxies can just merge with larger ones; this is called the ripple effect collision. “The Cartwheel galaxy is an example of this type of collision. The outer ring of blue stars in this galaxy indicates a ripple of star formation resulting from the collision.” 1 The reasons for the collision is based on many factors, for example the number of galaxies engaged, their size, mass, type, the distance between them, their gravitational force, and so on. As we...
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...Collision of Culture Panama is a country that has had a collision of culture. It was never really a country of its own, but an extension of Columbia. When the idea of connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean together so that the cargo routes can circumvent traveling around South America, is when it became an area of name. First the French tried to create this connection and failed in the 1880’s. Again in the turn of the century the U.S. had an interest in creating this passageway and developed a treaty and proposed it to the Columbian Senate and it was denied, this in turn cause the Panamanians to rebel and the U.S. helped support them. The U.S. helped rebel the Columbian forces and they gained their independence. Although Panama got its independence when the United States backed the revolt from the Columbian senate, it is still a typical Middle American country. It has a population of 3.5 million people, seventy percent of it is mestizo and has its minorities that are made up of Amerindians, whites and blacks. The primary language is Spanish while English is spoken in many parts as well. The population is mostly in the uplands, tierra templada and tierra fria, west of the canal. Here they produce bananas, coffee, sugarcane, and seafood such as shrimp. Panama is also an entrepÔt. They store products here that come in from the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, and prepare them for transport to South America. This has given the Panamanians infrastructure in the region...
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...people: if they are not disciplined enough they could miss evidence or could arrest the wrong person because they couldn’t be bothered to work properly.(Codes of Professionalism) They need discipline so that they can report to emergencies properly and on time, like at a robbery: if they don’t get there on time they could miss the suspect or if they go there not paying attention someone could get hurt, whether that be hostages or people in the street. Fire and Rescue – Fire and rescue services like the Fire brigade need discipline because if they didn’t, the chance of people being harmed and the chance of accidents rises. They need discipline because they need to be able to get to accidents quickly, like getting to a fire or getting to a collision: if they are not disciplined, they could be on call and an accident could happen and they would just casually take their time getting there, people could die or be harmed. They need to be disciplined because they need to follow the rules ‘by the book’ because the rules have been made to save lives: if they have no discipline...
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...first collision, the collision is supposedly elastic as when both objects collided are separated by a spring bumper which is made of steel, which is considered to be a very elastic material. In reality no collision is elastic as kinetic energy is converted to other forms of energy such as thermal energy, sound energy. Within this investigation, the air coming from the platform prevents energy loss due to thermal energy; however it also introduces air resistance which will prevent kinetic energy and momentum from being conserved. The percentage of the kinetic energy lost is 55 %, as the kinetic energy before the collision was 0.017 J, and the kinetic energy after the collision was 0.008 J, which is high for a supposedly elastic...
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...magnitudes of the masses for the gliders before the collision were: mass XA1 is equal to 0.107m, and mass XB1 is equal to 0.101m. The magnitudes after the collision of the masses were: mass XA2 equal to 0.0890m, and mass XB2 equal to 0.0820m. The momentum of the masses before collision were: mass PA1 equal to 0.3737 (kg m/s), and mass PB1 equal to 0.3551(kg m/s). The momentum after collision of the masses were: PA2 equal to 0.3109 (kg m/s), and mass PB2 equal to 0.2886 (kg m/s). When considering the direction of the vectors the area of uncertainty is small when considering the area of both parallelograms of uncertainty, because the overlapping of the parallelograms is only a small portion of each. The momentum was partially conserved within the error range of the parallelograms, or the portion where they overlap. Conclusions 1. It is necessary that they glide on a cushion of air, so that they can avoid any friction which would slow down their movement and could possibly keep them from colliding. The friction would differ for each mass, and would change all the predicted values. If the masses were not on an air cushion, it is impossible to predict that the two masses would ever collide because of the differing frictions for each mass. 2.If the masses were doubled, the before and after collision velocities would both decrease by a factor of two. Because the gliders would take double the time to get to the same distance for collision as if they were not doubled.(newton’s law) ...
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...Problem Statement The current network does not meet the needs of the school. The current network also has a significant impact on production. The network will need to be re-engineered to address the key stake holders concerns. Interviewing the stakeholders resulted in the following areas of concern: 1. The network cannot support multiple users doing the same task. Collisions are occurring on a regular basis and the band is insufficient. 2. No central management for the 50 networked printers and there queues. 3. Current bandwidth is 10 Mbps 4. HVAC technician would like wireless access points 5. The 23 new classrooms are not on the network 6. New wing has slow connections to the mail server 7. The IT Director would like to to integrate VoIP into the current data network 8. Backbone miss-cabled Solution The correction of the limited bandwidth is the first priority. Re-cabling the current network with Category 6 UTP 1000Base F Ethernet cabling because it increases maximum data rate, from 10 Mbps to 1 Gbps. Ethernet will also allow for the use of Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) which can be assigned on the workstation NIC. This bandwidth increase will resolve the HVAC Technicians access issue, congestion issues for the classrooms, allows for VoIP integration and provides for future expansion. Replacing the twisted-pair on the backbone with Fiber 1000Based-F will give continued Gigabit throughput and eliminate the remote mail server...
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... Collisions and Conservation of Momentum Go to http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/collision-lab and click on Run Now. 1. In the green box on the right side of the screen, select the following settings: 1 dimension, velocity vectors ON, momentum vectors ON, reflecting borders ON, momenta diagram ON, elasticity 0%. Look at the red and green balls on the screen and the vectors that represent their motion. a. Which ball has the greater velocity? The red ball has the greater velocity b. Which has the greater momentum? The green ball has more momentum 2. Explain why the green ball has more momentum but less velocity than the red ball (HINT: what is the definition of momentum?). The green ball has more momentum and less velocity because momentum depends solely on mass and velocity. Momentum = Mass(Velocity) Thus, since the green ball has a greater mass than the red ball, the green ball’s mass times its velocity is more than the red ball’s mass times its velocity. 3. Push “play” and let the balls collide. After they collide and you see the vectors change, click “pause”. Click “rewind” and watch the momenta box during the collision. Watch it more than once if needed by using “play”, “rewind”, and “pause”. Zoom in on the vectors in the momenta box with the control on the right of the box to make it easier to see if necessary. a. What happens to the momentum of the red ball after the collision? The momentum...
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