...Johnson, 491 U.S. 397, 109 S.Ct. 2533, 105 L.Ed.2d 242, Argued in 1989. From case, Since the State of Texas conceded that the actions of burning the flag were expressive conduct, the Court had to decide whether the State's regulation of flag burning related to suppression of free speech in order to determine which standard to apply. Then the Court had to decide whether the State had an interest in regulating the speech, which overrode the First Amendment protections. Facts that Triggered the Dispute while the Republican National Convention was meeting in Dallas, Texas, in 1984, Gregory Johnson took part in a demonstration, protesting policies of the Reagan administration. During the demonstration, Johnson burned an American flag, and Dallas police arrested him. According to US court, Gregory Lee Johnson was arrested and convicted of desecrating a flag in violation of Texas law, a conviction which questions ones guaranteed First Amendment, constitutional rights. Johnson's involvement in a political demonstration in Dallas, lead him to express his political concerns with the nation leaders and governmental policies. The State of Texas' conviction of Johnson was carried out due to Johnson's conduct, a physically expressive act, rather than a written or spoken one and based on two criteria: a responsibility to preserve the integrity of the flag representing the strength, pride and unity of our nation and whether Johnson's actions threatened societal order and peace. Both criteria...
Words: 1205 - Pages: 5
...example of this can be seen in the National Football League where some players are refusing to stand for the country’s national anthem. This has caused uproars and debates among Americans across the land of freedom. Kenneth Jost, a reporter for The CQ Researcher, observes that many Americans fear patriotism is declining in the nation (Jost, 545). Two individuals, retired Maj. Gen. Patrick Brady and Carole Shields, took to analyzing a related matter in an article of The CQ Researcher. Both parties responded to the question, “Should Congress approve a constitutional amendment to permit laws prohibiting the physical desecration of the flag?” (Jost, 561). Maj. Gen. Patrick Brady argued that the desecration of the flag produces terrible impacts and is not protected under the first amendment. On the other hand, Carole Shields wrote that the ability to burn a flag is...
Words: 1397 - Pages: 6
...British bretheren [were] deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity." What those foes did to rally patriotism in 1776, the terrorists did on Sept. 11. The signs of this upsurge are everywhere. The grass-roots response of the American people has been phenomenal, a display of bottom-up public patriotism unseen in this nation in at least half a century, slicing across boundaries of race, class, age, and gender. American flags fly from the antennas of battered pickup trucks, from stately Victorian porches, from office windows. An Indiana flag company reports it has never had this many orders, 25 times the norm, in its century-long existence. The flag is everywhere, and so is the need of the people to display their love of country. It was only a few years ago that the US Supreme Court ruled that Americans were entitled to burn the flag, that they had a constitutional right to do so. Of course, the ruling did not deny Americans their constitutional right to fly the flag, and millions of people proceeded to do so. Those who did not own a flag rushed out to buy one, in such numbers that supplies were soon...
Words: 1607 - Pages: 7
...must face the consequences, just as fictional characters in stories. In Homer’s epic tale The Odyssey, hero odysseus utilizes poor judgement that negatively impacts his journey to Ithaca. After 10 years at war, the victorious Greeks encounter many obstacles, and their leader Odysseus must make many quick, difficult choices. The greeks arrive on Cyclops Island in search of hospitality, and end up getting trapped hostage in Polyphemus the cyclops’ cave. Cunning Odysseus devises a plan of escape that includes telling...
Words: 665 - Pages: 3
...Mariah WolfeHist 410Active Liberty Paper5/1/12 The book Active Liberty by Stephen Breyer is a response to Antonin Scalia’s A Matter of Interpretation. Breyer takes a liberal stance on issues that Scalia addresses. Three points that I found interesting are the six elements Breyer uses in interpreting law and how he emphasizes them, the difference between modern liberty and active liberty, and how Breyer applies active liberty in different scenarios. Early on in the book, Breyer says that there are six elements used when interpreting a law - language, history, tradition, precedent, purpose, and consequence. However, he goes on to say that although all judges uses these different elements, they emphasize them all differently. For example, one judge might put more emphasis on purpose and consequence, while another might concentrate more on tradition and language. This can affect whether or not a judge looks at a law with a loose or strict interpretation. One who uses the first combination might have a strict view of the law because he or she knows what will happen afterwards. Taking into account language and tradition, however, might allow one to have a broader view of the law because they are taking into account how the laws were used before and what exactly the law is saying. Another point that Breyer touches on, which could also be considered the main argument in the book, is the difference between modern and active liberty. Modern liberty, also known as civil liberty, protects...
Words: 593 - Pages: 3
...each symbol is used. * Assess the significance of each symbol to the Rastafarian community. The data was collected between the periods of July 10-19, 2012. The researcher visited the St Ann’s bay parish library where the researcher found information on the beliefs and symbols of the Rastafarian religion in the test books present. The internet was also used to obtain some of the information. On the 5th of August, an interview was done between the researcher and Mr. Abejah Smith who lives in Runaway Bay, St Ann. He was asked questions that were previously prepared by the researcher .answers received were documented. PICTURE 1 Rastafarian Dreadlocks. PICTURE 2 The Marijuana plant PICTURE 3 The Rastafarian Flag. PICTURE 4 The Conquering lion of Judah. PICTURE showing some the Rastafarian tams PICTURE showing a suit made of the Rastafarian colours. PICTURE showing a woman wearing the dress which is made with the Rastafarian colours. PICTURE showing a Rasta man smoking. RASTA BRACELET RASTA NECLACE LEATAHER RASTA BRACELET COCO EARING RASTA NECLACE WHITE COCONUT BRACELET QUESTIONNAIRE What are your views about God? 1. Are you a real Rasta or a natty dread? 2. If...
Words: 2516 - Pages: 11
...The Ku-Klux-Klan: a racial organisation in the United States Table of Contents 1. Preface 1 2. History and development of the Ku-Klux-Klan 1 2.1 The first Klan 1 2.2 The second Klan: 1915- 1944 2 2.3 The third Klan: 1944-1976 4 2.4 The fourth Klan 5 2.5 The fifth Klan or 33-5 6 2.6 The Ku-Klux-Klan today 7 3. Structure and traditions of the Ku-Klux-Klan 8 3.1 Appearance, Symbols and Rituals 9 4. Conclusion 11 Bibliography 1. Preface No other conservative movement in the American history is as popular as the Ku-Klux-Klan, none was more militant, and none is so legendary to this day. During its 146 years long existence, the Klan has never disappeared. Even today it still has a strong attraction, not only for Americans, but also for people all over the world. From a small group, which was founded by six young men for their amusement, it developed into a nationwide terror regime in the United States. In the following text, I will describe the development of the Klan since its founding in 1866 until today and explain its structure and rites. 2. History and development of the Ku-Klux-Klan 2.1 The first Klan On 9th April 1865, the American Civil War ended with the result that the slavery was abolished. However, the situation of the black did hardly change. Without further education, labor and civil rights they had no chance to feel free. Moreover, the "Black Codes" were introduced, which are special laws that placed restrictions...
Words: 4964 - Pages: 20
...Study Guide: Adopted by Great Britain, their form of common law Constitutional: establishes basic character, concepts and principles of government, its organization, individual rights and privileges. Outlines duties of branches Federalism: Bill of Rights: Common law: Discovered law because magistrates discovered solutions to disputes by looking to situations in the past. Inductive. Laws because they have always been laws. Equity law: decisions of chancery court were made on the basis of fairness. Equity law begins where common law stops. Laws designed to address justice without criminal intent. (fairness) Administrative law: Rules that govern industry. Ex. FCC Statutory law: Created by government rep. Written law formally enacted by city, county, state and federal legislative bodies. Executive orders- orders from executive branch Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. Freedom of speech, press, religion, petition, assembly Laws establish boundaries and allow for punishment of violators, they limit government power, and establish fundamental rights/liberties. They carry sanctions. Policy is adopted to achieve a social goal,they lack sanctions. Laws are passed in the U.S. to support policy. FCC- Federal Communication Commission is an...
Words: 1709 - Pages: 7
...Gandhi and the Independence of India 1. The director of the movie is Richard Samuel Attenborough, Baron Attenborough (29 August 1923 – 24 August 2014) who was an English actor, film director, film producer, entrepreneur and politician. He was the President of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. As a film director and producer, Attenborough won two Academy Awards for Gandhi in 1983. He also won four BAFTA Awards and four Golden Globe Awards. As an actor, he is perhaps best known for his roles in Brighton Rock, The Great Escape, 10 Rillington Place, Miracle on 34th Street and Jurassic Park. His most recent films as director and producer include Chaplin (1992) starring Robert Downey, Jr., as Charlie Chaplin and Shadowlands (1993), based on the relationship between C. S. Lewis and Joy Gresham (the star of the latter was Anthony Hopkins, who had appeared in four previous films for Attenborough: Young Winston, A Bridge Too Far, Magic and Chaplin). Between 2006-07, he spent time in Belfast, working on his last film as director and producer, Closing the Ring, a love story set in Belfast during the Second World War and starring Shirley MacLaine, Christopher Plummer and Pete Postlethwaite. According to some of the films he produced, we came to the conclusion that he was probably interested in developing films which correspond to a certain time in history and in most of them, war was one of the main themes. Besides that...
Words: 1304 - Pages: 6
...------------------------------------------------- Analysis and interpretation – The Nine Billion Names of God In 1953 Arthur C. Clarke wrote “The Nine Billion Names of God”. This is a science fictive short story where we meet a group of lamas who wants to write the nine billion names of God. Atypically, the lamas will not use the ‘normal’ alphabet; but their own alphabet where they have invented and written in their holy books. In over three centuries they have been typing these names down, and it would take another fifteen thousand years for them to complete the chore. Therefore, they purchase a special computer, Mark V, from a company, which can calculate and write all the letters down. Compared to the fifteen thousand years the computer will do the job in a hundred days. Later on we are following two engineers named George and Chuck. They have been hired to complete the project. However, one day Sam Jaffe tells Chuck the real purpose of this task. The real purpose is to find all the names and when that is been done, God’s intention with the mankind will be achieved and the universe will cease to exist. Of course, the scientists think that it is pure nonsense and they begin to plan their home travel at the same time, as the computer would be done printing out the names. They are afraid of the monks’ reactions when their task will fail, because of course it will fail. Unfortunately, on their way to the plane, they look up and suddenly without a fuss, the stars are going out...
Words: 1296 - Pages: 6
...Current Business Practices Audit Manuel Oliver, Christopher Nieto Veronica Martinez, Angelica Rubio Shanna Guillen MGT/360 June 19 2014 Fernando Bernal Abstract Vice president of operations in Riordan Manufacturing, Mark Netizal, contracted Team B a sustainability company to develop and implement a sustainability plan. He decided to assess the company’s current business practices and allow Team B full access to perform their sustainability audit. Team B ventured and completed the audit finding some new practices that can help Riordan Manufacturing and also identified that Riordan Manufacturing was already leading the industry with some current practices. Current Business Practices Audit Riordan Manufacturing is a manufacturing company that produces plastic products, plastic injection moldings, medical products and fan blades and fan housing products. Riordan has three locations inside the United States and a manufacturing plant in the Republic of China. The company by the name Team B has performed a sustainability plan for Riordan Manufacturing in which will provided access to their company’s current business practices. Riordan Manufacturing’s vice president of operations contracted Team B to develop efficient sustainable practices to help promote more environmentally friendly company that can lead its industry to new levels of sustainability. Team B’s audit inspected the following stages of Riordan Manufacturing’s: California’s receiving...
Words: 1516 - Pages: 7
...Thinking for Themselves – Anthony D’Amelio Q8 The intellectual virtue of bravery can be defined as having the ability to think for yourself and not conform to the herd’s average way of thinking. This bravery allows a person to confront ideas and beliefs that are considered to be taboo or dangerous. Having intellectual bravery enables us to determine things for ourselves, and not just accept what we have been told. The consequences for straying beyond society’s accepted viewpoints and beliefs can be very severe. Professor Timothy Leary is a person who in the 1960’s displayed intellectual bravery while telling the rest of the world to “think for yourself, and question authority”(How to Operate Your Brain). President Nixon even called him “the most dangerous man in America”. Timothy Leary is largely famous for his sacramental use of LSD. However, Leary would first conduct experiments at Harvard University[->0] under the Harvard Psilocybin Project[->1] before being fired because of the controversy surrounding his research. Despite the negative reaction by mainstream America, Leary continued to pursue his research and experimentation with psycho- active compounds, writing several books including Exo-Psychology in 1977. Leary says “Throughout human history, as our species has faced the frightening, terrorizing fact that we do not know who we are, or where we are going in this ocean of chaos, it has been the authorities, the political...
Words: 1804 - Pages: 8
...Course Research Paper – Vicksburg Campaign History 101 – 87 N – 06 May 2015 The Campaign of Vicksburg was “the key”, to ensuring victory and the assurance of commerce to world markets. Where the march of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, March 1863 to July 1863, would prove compelling is that Grant would out generalize Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton and eventually start the fall of Richmond and the Confederacy of Jefferson Davis. That the campaign was a central ingredient for success according to President Abraham Lincoln and would divide the Confederacy while, giving the Union complete control of the Mississippi transportation route. With the capture of Vicksburg, the Union led by risky, yet boisterous attempts of Grant far more outmaneuvered the indecisive and ill-equipped decisions of Pemberton; and the stronghold of the Union over the Confederacy. At this time in the Civil War, the Mississippi river was the most important trade and supply route in the United States. It was the livelihood of the country and with it held the greatest economic feature to trade in the country and the world for agricultural products and their export and intercontinental transfer. It was the last stranglehold the Confederacy held on the Union and the prevention of military supply and aid to the Deep South, commerce of the middle and northwestern states to the world and a waning support of the war in enthusiasm and economic demand. President Abraham Lincoln said of Vicksburg and the importance...
Words: 1988 - Pages: 8
...Copyright © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-180360-1 MHID: 0-07-180360-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-180359-5, MHID: 0-07180359-9. E-book conversion by Codemantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Trademarks: McGraw-Hill Education, the McGraw-Hill Education logo, 5 Steps to a 5 and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of McGraw-Hill Education and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property...
Words: 76988 - Pages: 308
...Enough Already! We live in a country where we always need energy in some form. What would we do without the energy used to heat or cool our homes, provide light, and transportation? An overwhelming majority of the energy in the country comes from non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels. Sometimes people really do forget how dependent our country is on oil, but are reminded when the high demand causes the price of oil to jump. The burning of fossil fuels pollutes the air we breathe. Sometimes pollution occurs in the form of oil spilled into the ocean. Our country needs to force citizens and companies to pollute less by putting more money into research for alternative forms of energy and passing laws to prevent pollution. Even though offshore drilling can cause pollution by oil spills, it would be ridiculous to pass a law banning offshore drilling. As a country, we cannot fulfill our demand for oil without offshore drilling. The recent BP oil spill following the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oilrig on April 20th, 2010 raised concern in the minds of all U.S. citizens, not just the environmentalists. Most citizens would agree restrictions should be temporarily placed on offshore drilling until we are certain another spill of that magnitude will not happen again. After the disaster, many citizens were angered to think BP was going to get off scotch free. The media and politicians bashed BP for everything they did wrong. So far BP has taken their punishment, but recently...
Words: 2426 - Pages: 10
