...The Contribution of Enterprise Systems An enterprise system is classified as a system of integrated application-software packages that use data storage and transmission to support the flow of information, reporting, and analytics in the company as well as in some cases it is used outside of the company by colleagues and clients. Enterprise systems manage the flow of information relevant to those within the company as well as those outside of the company that have permission to access certain information. If a company has multiple lines of products and information that is relevant to all products such as statistical data that needs to be shared with all people within the company, an enterprise system exists to enable the sharing of information. An enterprise system provides as single system central to the organization which ensures that the information can be shared across all management and functional levels Enterprise systems are also invaluable with elimination of problems with information fragmentation which can be caused by having multiple information systems in an organization. It does this by creating a standard data structure. Typical information systems are housed in data centers and would run enterprise software as well as include application such as; content management systems that would cross organizational borders. Enterprise systems provide value for increasing operational efficiency, as well as provide wide information to help managers make informed and effective...
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...2: Case, A Revised Income Statement, The Contribution Margin Approach Anthony Culpepper, PHD In the 21st century the business environment is changing very rapidly. These changes are reflected in global competition, rapidly advancing technology, and improved communication systems, such as the Internet. The activities that make an enterprise successful today may no longer be sufficient next year. A crucial role of managerial accounting is to continually assess how an organization stacks up against the competition. I do agree with the notion of value costing for the 21st Century organizations. Traditional accounting systems distribute indirect costs on the basis of direct labor hours, machine hours, or material costs. This leads to a distorted picture. The costs of products and services must be accurate, or management can be misled. In the last 15 years value costing has been at the forefront for businesses in the 21st century. New cost concepts allocates costs to the things people are doing in companies and assures that these costs are paid by the products that generated them. Virtual enterprise and efficient supply chain management systems will shape the future of these enterprises. Organizations are trying to become agile enterprises with the help of strategic alliances of firms and integration using information technologies. Traditional performance and cost measures are no longer suitable for developing and managing enterprises in the new environment. In order to remain...
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...1.Research purposes Generally speaking, there are three main factors that influence economic growth——capital investment, labor and total factor productivity (TFP). Although China has gradually liberalized the one-child policy, but in the short term, China's population growth rate will not increase greatly, while with the increase of China's population aging trend, China's labor population ratio will continue to decline. Therefore, China‘s long-term growth of the economy cannot rely on the increase of labor force. On the other hand, China's investment ratio (the proportion of total investment GDP) has ranked high in the world. The rapid growth of local government debt in China has become one of the factors which restrict economic development. Therefore relying on the increase of capital investment cannot promote the healthy development of economy. In this context, improving the production efficiency which is measured by TFP is particularly important. There are numerous researches about TFP of China, while researches on TFP of a certain city are relatively few. Therefore, I choose to study TFP of Beijing which as capital of China is representative. 2.Definition and Model To study the TFP and economy development in Beijing, I mainly use Solow residual method and Cobb-Douglas production function. 2.1 Solow residual method Robert Solow defined rising productivity as rising output with constant capital and labor input. It is a "residual" because it is the part of...
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...career for dependent employees The responsibility for the contents of this report lies with EIM. Quoting numbers or text in papers, essays and books is permitted only when the source is clearly mentioned. No part of this publication may be copied and/or published in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system, without the prior written permission of EIM. EIM does not accept responsibility for printing errors and/or other imperfections. Contents 1 Theoretical framework 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 The transition process: Heuristical tool 8 1.3 Differences between start-ups: Dependent employee versus other types 10 1.4 Demarcation 11 1.5 Contents of the report 12 2 Entrepreneurship in the EU 15 2.1 Facts and figures 15 2.2 Entrepreneurs in the EU 20 2.3 Previous experience of starting entrepreneurs in the EU 24 3 Synthesis 31 3.1 Introduction 31 3.2 Legal definition of self-employed 31 3.3 General requirements related to start-ups 33 3.4 Financing the start-up of a business 34 3.5 Insolvency and seizure procedures 35 3.6 Social security systems in general 35 3.7 Social security: Unemployment 36 3.8 Social security: Sickness 39 3.9 Social security: Disability 40 3.10 Social security: Medical costs 40 3.11 Social security: Old age 41 3.12 Social security: Pregnancy and child care 42 3.13 Taxation 43 3.14 Labour Law...
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...1-Overton Enterprises sells widgets to a marketplace where total demand is 12 million. Overton’s market share is 12 ½ percent; the selling price per widget is $40 and the variable costs per widget are $25. Overton spends $7 million on marketing expenses. What is Overton Enterprises’s net marketing contribution? NMC= (12000000x0,125)x(40-25)-7000000=15500000 2-Overton Enterprises sells widgets to a marketplace where total demand is 12 million. Overton’s market share is 12 ½ percent; the selling price per widget is $40 and the variable costs per widget are $25. Overton spends $7 million on marketing expenses and has $2 million in other operating expenses. What is Overton Enterprises’s profit (before tax)? P= (12000000x0,125)x(40-25)-7000000-2000000=13500000 3-Overton Enterprises sells widgets into a marketplace where total demand is 12 million. Overton’s market share is 12 ½ percent; the selling price per widget is $40 and the variable costs per widget are $25. Overton spends $7 million on marketing expenses. If Overton lowered its price by 10%, causing a boost in market share to 15%, what would the net marketing contribution be? NMC1= (12000000x0,125)x(40-25)-7000000=15500000 NMC2=(12000000x0,15)x(36-25)-7000000=12800000 MINI-CASE Canastar Group sells three lines of prepared foods into a marketplace where total demand is 240 million cases. Canastar’s market share is 2 ½ percent; the average selling price per case is $30 and their variable costs...
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...ITECH5402- Enterprise Systems Team assignment – Summer Semester, 2015 TEAM ASSIGNMENT CONSISTS OF TEAM REPORT AND PRESENTATION Weighting: 25% (15% for the report and 10% for the presentation) TEAM TEAM REPORT REQUIRED Form a team of between 2 – 3 members. Write a team report of about 3000 words on one of the following research topics. The impact of the integration and convergence of ERP and BI systems on organizations Emerging trends in post-implementation Enterprise Systems: challenges, issues and critical success factors The role of competency centers’ structure in stabilizing organization and improving business units performances Managing Enterprise Systems maintenance and upgrade Using Knowledge Management principles in Enterprise Systems Integration Role of IT-based knowledge and/or decision making resources for competitive action Integrating Business Process Modeling Tools to Enterprise Systems Management of knowledge and business process improvement Every student is expected to submit a short report stating their contribution to their team. Lecturers reserve the right to reduce a student’s mark if their contribution to their team is deemed insubstantial. Each team is expected to present their report findings as part of the “Team Report Presentation” assessment task during week 10. CRICOS Provider No. 00103D ITECH 5402 Enterprise Systems Page 1 of 4 You are reminded to read the “Plagiarism” section...
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...Introduction The Small and Medium scale Enterprise (SME) are recognized worldwide as engines of economic growth. The commonly perceived merits often emphasized for their promotion especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh include their relatively high labor intensity, dependence on indigenous skills and technology, contributions to entrepreneurship development and innovativeness and growth of industrial linkages. The case for fostering SME growth in Bangladesh is irrefutable as these industries offer bright prospects for creating large-scale employment and income earning opportunities at relatively low cost for the unemployed especially in the rural areas strengthening the efforts towards achieving high and sustained economic growth which are critically important prerequisites for triggering an exit from endemic poverty and socio-economic deprivation. These promotional arguments for the SMEs, while universally emphasized are often put forward by their ardent advocates in a small versus large context and thus arouse serious debates concerning their economic viability. Much of such controversies may, however breakdown if the intrinsic virtues specific to SMEs and unavailable to large-scale industries are correctly identified and carefully exploited. A combined interaction of the forces of product-mix, location factors, technological advantages and market advantages create opportunities for SMEs to grow and prosper at all levels of development which are often ignored...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Overall, the SME FDI is currently an extremely valuable initiative. Through appropriate and careful analysis of the data, public policy can be directed yet more efficiently to further improve competitive advantage of Canada's SMEs. In particular, the baseline survey associated with the SME FDI is an extraordinarily valuable research undertaking. It provides the potential to assess directly the extent to which financing gaps might occur in the capital markets on which SMEs rely. This is an important issue in practical terms, in terms of the role of public policy, and in terms of economic and finance theory. The SME FDI baseline survey data provides, for the first time internationally, a means of empirically testing Nobel prize-winning ideas related to information asymmetry and capital rationing. The data provides a means of providing yet better guidance for public policy with respect to addressing potential capital market imperfections that might constrain growth and economic development of SMEs. As designed, the research initiative can and will provide valuable information about these issues. In summary, the baseline survey undertaken as part of the SME FDI is a potentially invaluable resource with respect to the design, targeting, implementation, and follow-up assessment of public policy approaches to nurturing SME growth and viability. The outcomes of this research process could help Industry Canada and its partners to provide Canadian SMEs with substantial...
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...model (Chapter 14). Show the ERP's contribution. 4. Enter intuitivemfg.com and report on the capabilities of their ERP product. 5. Relate this case to business planning and strategy. Answer for Question 1 ERP covers the overall processes of the whole organization from front-office to back-office operations. It supports internal supply chain within an enterprise. SCM basically are processes involving bill of materials, manufacturing, inventory, warehousing, and logistics. It support just certain part of internal supply chain. In certain industries, such as manufacturing, freight forwarding, and logistics providers, SCM is a subset of ERP. Therefore, for small companies like NDI, it’s more efficient and effective to implement one system, namely ERP, instead of more SCM systems. Because if a small companies like NDI only implements SCM instead of ERP, they have to expand to another system such as HRM (Human Resources Management), FM (Financial Management), and PB (Planning and Budgeting), if the company’s demand of business process is exceeding the system that supports it. Furthermore, ERP software support several functionalities for SCM, and small companies like NDI could choose which functionalities they would like to implement, i.e. Supply Chain Management, Human Resource Management, Financial Management, or Planning and Budgeting. Also, unlike SCM applications, ERP system of new generation provides new opportunities for enterprises in (near) future: to connect to their...
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...Table of Contents Introduction 2 Population 2 Economic Structure and Major Industries 2 Major Firms 4 China’s Stock Market 6 China Securities Regulatory Commission 7 Legal Enforcement of IFRS 8 Summary of contents of financial statements 9 Transition Process of Accounting Standards 10 Auditing Standards 11 Full convergence with International Standards 11 Verification of Capital Contribution 13 Comparison of China’s old GAAP and IFRS 14 Accounting Education in China 15 The Chinese Institute of Certified Public Accountants 15 The CICPA Overview 15 The CICPA Examination 16 Accounting Student 18 China’s Cultural Influences on Accounting 19 Appendix 1. Comparison of CASs and ISAs (As of 2006) 22 Appendix 2. Accounting Firms in China 24 Introduction Population In 2012, China's population amounts to 1.3 billion – an increase of 365 million since 1980. Yet, population is growing at a decelerating pace and should reach its peak in less than two decades. Current methods of population control will be relaxed as the growth of population slows. The fertility rate is presently 1.6 births per female (below replacement level) and is expected to remain at that level in the medium term. The median age is steadily rising and by 2011 it was 35.5years –16.9 years greater than the figure for 1980. In fact, population aging is occurring more quickly in China than in most other countries. The country's working age population will begin to fall by 2017...
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...process involving use of different resources for achieving well defined objectives. The resources are: men, money, materials, machines, methods and markets. These are the six basic inputs in management process (six M's of management) and the output is in the form of achievement of objectives. It is the end result of inputs and is available through efficient management process. The term 'management' is used extensively in business. It is the core or life giving element in business. We expect that a business unit should be managed efficiently. This is precisely what is done in management. Management is essential for the conduct of business activity in an orderly manner. It is a vital function concerned with all aspects of working of an enterprise. Definitions of Management 1. According to George R. Terry, "Management is a distinct process consisting of planning, organising, actuating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives by the use of human beings and other resources". 2. According to Henry Fayol, "To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organise, to command, to coordinate and to control". 3. According to Peter Drucker, "Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages business and manages managers and manages workers and work". 4. According to Harold Koontz, "Management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized...
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...1. For a small company like NDI, why is an ERP better than SCM applications? ERP cubre los procesos globales de toda la organización de front-office de operaciones de back office. Es compatible con la cadena de suministro interna dentro de una empresa. SMC, básicamente, son procesos que implican la lista de materiales, fabricación, inventario, almacenamiento y logística. Se admite solo cierta parte de la cadena de suministro interno. En ciertas industrias, como la fabricación, transporte de carga, y los proveedores de logística, SMC es un subconjunto de ERP. Por lo tanto, para las pequeñas empresas como el NDI, es más eficiente y eficaz para poner en práctica un sistema, a saber, ERP, en lugar de más sistemas SCM. Porque si a las empresas pequeñas como el NDI sólo se implementa SMC en lugar de ERP, que tienen que ampliar a otro sistema, tales como gestión de recursos humanos (Gestión de Recursos Humanos), FM (gestión financiera), y PB (Planificación y Presupuesto), si la demanda de los negocios de la empresa proceso está excediendo el sistema que lo soporte. Por otra parte, el soporte de software ERP varias funcionalidades para SMC, y las pequeñas empresas como el NDI podían elegir qué funcionalidades que les gustaría poner en práctica, es decir, Supply Chain Management, Gestión de Recursos Humanos, Dirección Financiera, o Planificación y Presupuesto. Además, a diferencia de las aplicaciones SCM, el sistema ERP de nueva generación ofrece nuevas oportunidades para las empresas...
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...Institutional Financing of SME in Bangladesh [pic] [pic] TERM PAPER ON Institutional Financing of SME in Bangladesh Submitted By: ID- Program- BBA Premier University, Chittagong Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Business Administration. Submitted To: Ms. Nilufar Sultana Lecturer, Dept. of Finance & Banking, Faculty of Business Studies, Premier University, Chittagong. DATE OF SUBMISSION: /09/2012 Letter of Transmittal Date: To Ms. Nilufar Sultana Faculty of Business Studies Premier University, Chittagong Sub: Letter of Transmitter on Term Paper Dear Madam, This is my pleasure to submit my term paper report on “Institutional financing of SME in Bangladesh” which I was assigned. It was a great opportunity for me to acquire knowledge and experience in respect of the functions, procedures and operational activity, other than my topic of study. I have concentrated my best efforts to achieve the objectives of the assignment study and hope my endeavor will serve the purpose. However, I will always be ready to provide any further clarification that you may require. Sincerely Yours, ID# Program: BBA Batch Number: 16 8th Semester Section: Major:...
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...F.W. Taylor contributed a number of principles and features of management thought that adhered to his new concept of approaching management thought scientifically. He was one of the founders of management thought theory and is considered the father of scientific management. His ideas were developed and used for decades after the concept was created. • Principles of scientific management. Taylor believed that scientific management consists of a philosophy that results in a combination of four main principles. The first principle suggests that management need to develop the best way to complete a job. It is the task of finding the best method for achieving the objectives of a given job. The second principle states that management must carry out a scientific selection of their workers and develop them through proper management. Thirdly, management must carry out a scientific approach. That is, a true science should be developed in all fields of work activity. The fourth and final principle states that there should be an elimination on conflicts between methods and men. Workers are likely to resist new methods and this can be avoided by using it as an opportunity to offer more wages. • Features of scientific management. Taylor put forward a huge number of features of scientific management. One was the introduction of the standard task which every worker is expected to complete within a day. This task should be calculated through scientific investigation and work study is essential...
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...UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC THESE PRESENTEE A L'UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC A TROIS-RIVIERES L'EVALUATION DE LA CONTRIBUTION DES PROGICIELS DE GESTION INTEGRES A LA PERFORMANCE ORGANISATIONNELLE : DEVELOPPEMENT D'UNE METHODOLOGIE PROCESSUELLE PR EV PAR SYLVESTRE UWIZEYEMUNGU JUIN2008 IE COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DU DOCTORAT EN ADMINISTRATION (DBA) OFFERT CONJOINTEMENT PAR L'UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC A TROISRIVIERES ET L'UNIVERSITE DE SHERBROOKE W 1*1 Library and Archives Canada Published Heritage Branch 395 Wellington Street Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Bibliotheque et Archives Canada Direction du Patrimoine de I'edition 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-41597-9 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-41597-9 The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. PR EV NOTICE: The author has granted a nonexclusive license allowing Library and Archives Canada to reproduce, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, communicate to the public by telecommunication or on the Internet, loan, distribute and sell theses worldwide, for commercial or noncommercial purposes, in microform, paper, electronic and/or any other formats. AVIS: L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, sauvegarder, conserver...
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