...The Dark Knight (2008) Director: Chrstopher Nolan Cast: Christian Bale (Bruce Wayne/Batman) Aaron Eckheart (Harvey Dent) Michael Caine (Alfred) Maggie Gyllenhaal (Rachel Dawes) Gary Oldman (Jim Gordon) Heath Ledger (The Joker) Morgan Freeman (Lucius Fox) Producer: Warner Bros Budget: $185,000,000 (estimated) .Synopsis: Batman makes a thrilling return to the screen in this breath taking, second instalment of Christopher Nolan’s envisage of Batman. An entirely new breed of criminal has been unleashed on Gotham, this one more terrifying than ever. As unpredictable as he is fearsome Batman finds himself in a race against time to stop the city falling to chaos and being unmasked. Review: Christopher Nolan, director of titles such as Inception and interstellar meets and exceeds all expectations in this thrilling new instalment of the batman saga. It has already set to reside with classics such as Pulp Fiction or Schindlers List as some of the best films in history. After the huge buzz left behind by Batman Begins, people worried The Dark Knight would not live up to it. Well stop worrying. It is clear to see where this extravagant budget of $185,000,000 has been spent when you see the thrilling casting choice and the stunning scenes in IMAX cameras, The Dark Knight is an all star experience to be enjoyed by everyone. With names such as Morgan Freeman, Michael Caine and Heath Ledger The Dark Knight has a cast as strong as its story. Hanz Zimmer has...
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...Humanities January 18, 2015 DeVry University Professor Clarke-Peterson Outline/Proposal on Dark Ages I. Introduction and Thesis The Dark Ages refer to the medieval period in the studies of humanity. The general duration of the early Dark Ages is considered to be from 450-1000 century (CE). It is believed that the fall of Roman Empire brought about an age of “barbarism and religion” (Gibbon 18th CE). This era, compared to both the pre-dark ages and the post-dark ages, Renaissance, witnessed no significant scientific innovations, no great art produced, and no valiant emperors or leaders ruling the early medieval Europe (Middle Ages, n.d.). These are the major factors which led to the coining of the phrase Dark Ages by Petrarch, the great Italian scholar, in the 14th CE (Wikipedia). This proposal is about the vital role of flourishing Irish social order, in the Dark Ages, in the re-conversion of Europe to Christianity. II. In the Dark Ages, when the entire Europe was reeling under barbarism, the Irish social order was flourishing. * The Romans had never invaded Ireland, and thus it remained unaffected by the downfall deteriorating the social order of rest of Europe (Eaton & McCaffrey, 2002). * While the entire Europe was victimized by the Dark Ages, the Irish monks were the torch-bearers of luminous beam of civilization (O’Connor & Steves, 2014). * In the Dark Ages, religion was one binding force that kept the hopes of people alive. While Barbarism...
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...What is Dark Matter? The Oxford dictionary defines dark matter as a non-luminous material which assumed to exist in space. But what does this mean? If dark matter is non luminous how do we know it’s there? How can we detect it? These are the kind of questions I will try to answer in this short article. Discovery: In the mid to late 19th century scientists observed that stars orbiting nearby galaxies were rotating faster than expected. The speed calculated indicated that the gravity created by them could not contain the matter within the stars. Therefore meaning that the stars should have been ripped apart from their own gravity. This indicated that there could be some other form of matter that is acting within the galaxy; which could have certain properties that explain the larger amount of gravity e.g. more massive matter. Properties of Dark Matter: Figure 1 Figure 1 Dark matter is hard to “get your head” around as scientists say that you can’t see it; then how can it exist? Dark matter is said to be “non-luminous”, therefore it does not absorb, give off or reflect light, which means we cannot observe the existence of Dark Matter (But we could detect it: See section on “Detection”). Detection: Although we cannot see Dark Matter it supposedly makes up 22% of the universe, compared to 4% of normal matter (See Figure 1). The evidence of how dark matter could exist is from experiments held in particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. As Dark Matter...
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...had to do some research on this film because I never seen the whole thing and it also has been a long time since I saw the parts that I did. I needed to brush up on the film so that I could make sure I knew what I was speaking of. After I had reviewed the research I have done, it turns out that Andy was right about The Dark Knight being the most popular film in the summer of 2008. It turns out that the film was first released in Australia, on July 16, 2008; it was two days later July 18, 2008 that it was released in North America. It wasn’t till July 24, 2008 when it was released in the United Kingdom. With over $1 billion in revenue worldwide and it is the seventh highest- grossing film of all time. I found that he was also correct when he stated that the film was a continuation from Batman Begins. The Dark Knight was filmed in many different places but the main filming took place in Chicago. The other parts took place in several parts of the United States, the United Kingdom and Hong Kong. The Dark Knight is a film about a superhero, which was directed and co- written by Christopher Nolan. The film was also produced by Charles Roven and Emma Thomas. The Dark Knight was based on the DC Comics and is part of Nolan’s Batman film series. Christian Bale played the lead character (Batman/Bruce Wayne). Some other main characters that played in the movie are Heath Ledger (joker), Gary Oldman (James Gorden), Maggie Gyllenhaal (Rachel Dawes) and Aaron Eckhart (Harvey Dent). Each and...
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...Dark matter guides growth of supermassive black holes Summary This article is about a new study between elliptical galaxies dark matter and their black holes. Previous studies revealed a relationship between a black hole’s mass and the mass of all the stars in an elliptical galaxy. We know of dark matter because of its gravitational attraction by holding galaxies and galaxy clusters. The dark matter halo is in every galaxy and is as dense as a trillion suns. There was a study of over 3,000 elliptical galaxies where researchers used star movement to track and weigh the galaxies’ black hole. To weigh the dark matter, they took x-ray measurements of the hot gas surrounding the galaxies. Due to the dark matter weighing so much it molds new elliptical galaxies and the growth of its central black hole. Relevance This article is relevant to topics covered this week in the lecture and text book. It relates specifically to chapters 14 and 15 of the text book regarding black holes, elliptical galaxies, and dark matter. Black holes are very dense objects that nothing, not even light, can escape from its surface. Elliptical galaxies tend to have brighter stars than spiral galaxies. The Milky Way galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a bright core and spiral arms. Dark matter doesn’t react with electromagnetic radiation and makes its presence known only through its exertion of gravitational force. The text book states, “We now estimate that 90% of the mass of galaxies is composed...
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...The Dark Knight came out in 2008, when George W. Bush was President, so I was 14 at the time and Emily was 12. I remember going to the theater the day it came out because I was never more excited for a movie. I have been a fan of the Batman franchise since I was a kid; my older sister and I would constantly watch the Batman VHS's that we had until they were too scratched up from use. Emily watched the film with all of her boy cousins because they wanted her to see it with them. I was so intrigued to see a new interpretation of an already golden performance by Nicholson, and since this role was different than anything Heath Ledger had done before, I knew it was going to be either incredible or awful. Emily noted that the powerful emotions between the characters and the brooding cinematography created an intense viewing experience for the audience, which helped them connect to the story. The scene that we chose is an essential part of the movie. It is one of the first and most significant interactions between the Joker and Batman. To set the tone, prior to this scene, the Joker was finally in police custody after wrecking mass chaos in Gotham, and Lieutenant Gordon begins an interrogation with the Joker to try to find information regarding the disappearance of District Attorney Harvey Dent. However, the Joker is unwilling to provide any valuable information, so Gordon leaves the rest of the interrogation up to Batman, who of course had been hiding in the shadows of the dimly...
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...astro-ph/0301505 UMN–TH–2127/03 TPI–MINN–03/02 January 2003 arXiv:astro-ph/0301505v2 25 Jan 2003 TASI LECTURES ON DARK MATTER∗ KEITH A. OLIVE† William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA E-mail: olive@umn.edu Observational evidence and theoretical motivation for dark matter are presented and connections to the CMB and BBN are made. Problems for baryonic and neutrino dark matter are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the prospects for supersymmetric dark matter. 1. Lecture 1 The nature and identity of the dark matter of the Universe is one of the most challenging problems facing modern cosmology. The problem is a long-standing one, going back to early observations of mass-to-light ratios by Zwicky1 . Given the distribution (by number) of galaxies with total luminosity L, φ(L), one can compute the mean luminosity density of galaxies L= which is determined to be2 L ≃ 2 ± 0.2 × 108 ho L⊙ M pc−3 (2) Lφ(L)dL (1) where L⊙ = 3.8 × 1033 erg s−1 is the solar luminosity. In the absence of a cosmological constant, one can define a critical energy density, ρc = 3H 2 /8πGN = 1.88 × 10−29 ho 2 g cm−3 , such that ρ = ρc for three-space curvature k = 0, where the present value of the Hubble parameter has been defined by Ho = 100ho km Mpc−1 s−1 . We can now define a critical mass-to-light ratio is given by (M/L)c = ρc /L ≃ 1390ho(M⊙ /L⊙ ) (3) ∗ Summary of lectures given at the Theoretical Advanced...
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...he Joker issues an ultimatum that people will die each day unless Batman reveals his identity; resulting in the killings of Commissioner Gillian B. Loeb and the judge of the mob trials. The Joker targets Dent at the fundraiser but Bruce hides him, while Rachel is looked after by Alfred Pennyworth. The Joker tries to assassinate Mayor Garcia during Loeb's memorial service but Gordon takes the bullet and seemingly dies. As a result Bruce plans to reveal his identity, but Dent instead names himself as Batman to protect the truth. Dent is taken into protective custody and pursued by the Joker across the city as Batman rushes to aid. Gordon, who faked his death, helps apprehend the Joker and is promoted to Commissioner. However, Dent and Rachel disappear. Batman confronts the Joker and learns each are in separate buildings filled with explosives. In the ensuing chaos, Batman finds Dent but the explosives detonate, killing Rachel and burning half of Dent's face. The Joker then uses a bomb to escape from the police department with Lau. Coleman Reese, an accountant at Wayne Enterprises, realizes Bruce is Batman and plans to expose him. The Joker, who kills Lau and The Chechen, threatens to bomb a hospital unless Reese is killed. Gordon rescues Reese, while the Joker visits the scarred Dent in hospital, convincing him to get revenge. Dent uses his burnt lucky coin to decide the fates of those responsible for Rachel's death, killing some of the corrupt officials and mobsters involved...
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...Josh Radcliff The Dark Knight Essay The Joker is pure evil. His only purpose in destroying Gotham City is because he likes to wreck havoc on the world . He already escaped prison once. He is slowly tearing Gotham City apart. Batman has no choice; he must kill the Joker. Utilitarianism is the main ethical system that supports Batman killing the Joker. Because Utilitarianism is a consequentialist system, the morality of an act depends solely on its consequences, and its main focus is on utility, the belief that an act is morally good if it results in the greatest good for the greatest number of people, any stunt that the Joker plays is considered an immoral act because only he receives pleasure from his acts of crime while thousands of others suffer. When Batman traps the Joker, he has to decide between killing him or letting him go, and as defender of Gotham City, he has to take the peoples' well being into consideration. In making his decision, he also has to acknowledge the idea of Hedonism, which states that pleasure, or the absence of pain, is the only thing good or desirable for all people. Ultimately, when making a Utilitarian decision, Batman must choose the option that gives the highest kinds of pleasure to the maximum number of people. In order to do this though, it is ideal that Batman takes the viewpoint of a "disinterested and benevolent spectator," as John Stuart Mill suggests. When making a Utilitarian decision, Batman first subconsciously has to decide what...
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...The '' dark age'' is a term developed by an Italian scholar in the 1300s named Petrarch. Petrarch named the period following the middle ages ''dark'' because of the many incidents that have happened. The middle ages in Europe had many significant and unpleasant events such as the ''black death'' ,the decline in education, trade, laws being developed, and universities in construction and so on. As stated in Document B the ''dark age'' is ''dark'' because of all the suffering, decline in trade, manufacturing, education, and writing, some parts of Europe became isolated from the rest of the world and many more. When Europe was not in a ''dark age'' it was called the ''growth age.'' Europe was in a ''growth age'' because many good things were happening in that time period. Europe was not in a ''dark age'' because there was many universities in the process of being developed.'' Construction on the cathedral began in 1163 and was completed in 1345 ( Document F ). There was also many more universities being developed and with more universities being made there is more education and with more education there is more ideas being...
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...neutrinos, and the mysterious dark matter. In the present, scientists are still bombard about dark matter and what it really is. Although, scientists do not know what dark matter is, they are certain of what it is not. Dark matter is not in the form of stars and planets that we see and it is known to make up about 25% of the entire Universe. By using the effect of gravitational lensing, astronomers are able to determine that dark matter is not affected by most of the other baryonic matters. They also found that dark matter is the responsible substance that makes up most of the masses in the universe (found in galaxies, dwarf galaxies, and cluster galaxies). Dark matter is also the primary influence of gravitational pulls. The mysterious and magnificent space that seems almost empty to the naked eye has fascinated mankind for as long as history can remember. The universe seems empty because it is made up of gas which is primarily composed of particles such as protons, electrons, photons, neutrinos, and dark matter. Dark matter is known to make up about 25% of the entire Universe but scientists have yet to understand completely about this mysterious subatomic particle. What is dark matter and where did it come from? What is really the natural function of dark matter? Where and how can dark matter be found? These questions have been the ultimate challenge for astronomers for the past decades. Scientists and Astronomers have always known that dark matter influenced the cosmos...
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...more than 70% of or known universe is made up of Dark Matter. What is Dark Matter? Why does it take up so much space? How can we use it for the betterment of our universe? There are so many questions that arise when something we know little about makes up so much of where we live. What I Already Know About My Topic: I chose to write about Dark Matter in the universe because it is a very rarely known thing in human understanding. When someone thinks space, they think planets, galaxies, and “Star Wars.” When I took my first high school science class, the very last section we had was about Dark Matter, and I had visibly freaked out to the point that my teacher asked me if I was okay. When it comes to “galactic” science, I tend to know quite a bit more about the subject than those that taught it to me because I was always a “Discovery Channel” child. Dark Matter is an interesting thing that you seldom hear or see anything pertaining to. This is why I have chosen to “teach” you about this potentially catastrophic element. Have you ever just taken a moment to look up at the stars and thought, “Wow, there’s quite a lot of black up there! I wonder what it is?” Well, ladies and gentlemen, that “space” that surrounds us is actually not space at all! It is filled with boundless amounts of an element that doesn’t exist within the Earth’s atmosphere! Surprisingly enough it is filled with a substance called Dark Matter, otherwise known as ‘Anti-matter.” Now...
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...In this project, I learned about the years between 500 and 1000 in Europe. One thing I found interesting was how admittedly grim the times were, even as people romanticized the Dark Ages. I learned about the “Dark Ages” by examining a set of Medieval Economic Laws created by The Bruce Publishing Company in the year 1936. The point of view of this source is that the Dark Ages in Europe were pretty dark because they were chopping people’s hands for not returning money that they owe. This point of view is conveyed through the quote, “Concerning false money, we have ordered that he who has been proved to have struck it shall have his hand cut off.” This quote shows that laws during the Dark Ages were way more physically brutal than any law that...
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...Dark Matter Matt Cannon (928) Physics 222 2/15/02 Final Draft Dark Matter The ultimate destiny of our expanding universe depends on how much matter it contains and whether or not the amount of matter will be enough to one day stop the expansion. When astronomers add up all the visible matter (matter that emits or reflects light) in the universe, the result is that there is clearly not enough to stop the expansion of the universe. However, they have discovered over the past several decades that there may be additional matter hidden from view.1 This raises some important questions. What is this dark matter made of? How can it be detected? Astronomers first found substantial observational evidence of unseen matter in the early twentieth century when studying the galaxy M31.2 They discovered that the velocity curve for the outer limbs of the galaxy, which should drop off with increasing radius as mandated by Kepler's Laws and the Virial Theorem, leveled off at approximately 200 km/s. This observation was confirmed in the early 1970’s when radio astronomers found that hydrogen gas at the edge of galaxies moved with roughly the same velocity as hydrogen gas at the center of galaxies. If the visible matter seen in galaxies is the only source of mass then the observed uniform velocity of hydrogen gas is a direct violation of Kepler’s Laws and the conservation of angular momentum. Thus, the simplest explanation (which is usually the correct one) is that the visible matter in...
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...Esther Joseph Ault-1st period English 1 Pre-AP 25 October 2011 The Dark Side of Us I agree with the statement that the ‘true troublemaker is inside of us’, so we may have associated it as the “shoulder devil” or a dark side. They’re there since childhood, a recent event, a forgotten memory, but in all, it’s our part of the unique personality that we possess. We make mistakes, flaws, or sometimes we have done a faux pas so unbelievable, it’s often astonishing. We often feel if the actions are right or wrong, creating a cynical side to ourselves. Our lives, both good and bad, have experienced events that cause no control over our own selves and make us completely uncontrollable under certain circumstances. The darkness inside personally can slowly become your enemy, agent, adversary at the same time. We cannot begin to feel that shadow over individually because we tend to feel guilty over something. Our lives are lukewarm, worldly, and cynical over the reason that we could be sinful. The analogy for the concept is a happy person falling down a hill and they can’t the vexing pain in their body. Our uncertain selves are touched by a grace that we must acknowledge before our darkness takes over us and to make us into terrible people that we’ll regret. The darkness is like a sweet poison sucked into our lungs; an insanity of life without light for our very lives. We must recognize the darkness within us, in...
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