...Volume I (2010) ISSN 2218-2578 The Northern University Journal of Law Constitutional Reform in Bangladesh: Exploring the Agenda M. Jashim Ali Chowdhury 1. Prelude The Bangladeshi brand of democracy has caused some horrible nightmares in recent times. Though democracy in Bangladesh has got a certain degree of consolidation during the last eighteen years, ‘she could not make significant progress in consolidating her democratic institutions.’1 Over the years Bangladesh has gone through a phase of ‘illiberal democracy’ with the politicians behaving autocratically, rewarding political supporters and punishing the opposition. Partisan, financial and personal interests curbed the bureaucracy, judiciary, police or even the legislature.2 Disorder became the order, irregular the regular, and Machiavellism the political culture.3 On the other hand, the concept of separation of power has got a violent blow in the Constitution of Bangladesh. What the Constitution has done can very well be described as ‘assignment of powers’ of the Republic to the three organs of the Government.4 Concentration of power in the hands of Prime Minister resulted in paralyzing both the judiciary and legislature with leviathan omnipotence of the executive. Today’s Bangladesh may well be termed a ‘one legged state’ while the theory of separation of power contemplates a three legged one. Much water has already flown by and considerable amount of silt has filed up on this issue. Someone sought overnight purified...
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...Sun Star Davao By Ivy C. Tejano Thursday, August 1, 2013 THOUSANDS more registrants trooped to the Commission on Elections (Comelec) office at Magsaysay Park during Wednesday's final day of registration for the barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) elections. While many of them made it, many failed to make it on time and blamed Comelec for its snail-paced processing. Still, others were hoping Comelec will extend the registration period. Analiza Mantimo, 15, of Tamugan Calinan, said it will be disappointing if ever she would not be registered. Mantino added that she had been at the Comelec office twice, but still she has not been accommodated. "Dili namo masabtan ang sistema nila diri. Bisan ako na mag pa transfer ra, wa gani ka sulod didto unya katulo na ni nako na adlaw diri (I can’t understand their system here. I just need to file for transfer of registration and yet I never made it into their office even on my third day of lining up)," said Marites Premitiba, 44, of Dumoy, Talomo District. "Sa kadaghan sa mga registrants kulang lang jud ang 10-day registration. Dagsa kayo ang mga mag pa rehistro unya pulo lang ka adlaw ilang gitagana para didto sa mga wala pa ka rehistro. Kulang ra pud kaayo ang adlaw (With the number of registrants, the ten-day registration is not enough. There were mobs every day. Ten days is not enough)," said May Ann Ambos, 15, of Tamugan Calinan. Exhausted registrants were still seen at the long lines Wednesday as they waited for several hours...
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...LABOR RELATIONS MG420 Kevin Erne Instructor: Stephen Fant Park University Internet Campus A course paper presented to the School for Arts and Sciences and Distance Learning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Baccalaureate Labor Relations Park University November, 2012 1. Define the term “collective bargaining” and list and describe four issues that are mandatory components of a collective bargaining agreement. The Cornell University School of Law defines collective bargaining as the process of negotiating the conditions of employment between a group of employees and their employer (Cornell University Law School). In most cases, the employees are represented by a labor organization or union. The union bargains with the employer over such categories as compensation, personnel policies and procedures, employee rights and responsibilities, employer rights and responsibilities, union rights and responsibilities, and dispute resolution and ongoing decision making (Budd, 229-230). If all goes well and all parties involved come to an agreement the result of the negotiations ends with a collective bargaining agreement (CBA). If you were to conduct a Google search for “collective bargaining” your search results would be endless. I ran a search under news and came up with an article in the Huffington Post titled “Michigan Proposal 2: Should Voters Guarantee The Right To Collectively Bargain In the State Constitution...
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...permission from the Federal Government before changing its voting process. Texas had its Voter ID upheld first in 2013, when a Supreme Court decision struck down what many considered the “heart” of the Voting Rights Act, the ability of the federal government to oversee the voting process in states with histories of discrimination. But in August of 2015, the Texas law was once again shot down by a federal appeals panel that ruled that the Texas law; regardless of intention “Discriminated again blacks Hispanics and...
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...prevent the abuse of the state power, and to consolidate the rule of law, besides legislative, executive and judiciary, other constitutional organs are also envisioned in a constitution. Constitutional bodies in Bangladesh: There are some constitutional bodies in Bangladesh. Constitutional bodies are those offices or, persons their establishment, recruitment and retirement follow the rules of law of the constitution. The constitution of Bangladesh contains the provisions or articles defined the rules of establishment of those bodies and the recruitment & retirement of the officials. Some of the constitutional bodies are mentioned here with the recitation of the related articles of the constitution. Public Service Commission (PSC) Election Commission (EC) : Comptroller & Auditor General (CAG): Supreme Court : Attorney General: Administrative Tribunal: Ombudsman: President: Parliament: Prime Minister &...
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...throughout the world, but instead of the people falling and being forgotten, it instead is the system of rule. However, in Texas we have a unique system which allows and accommodates for change throughout the decades and centuries. Even now, there is change happening in the Lone Star State, from politics to industry, even though it is a gradual process change will come. Throughout the history of Texas there has been a major switch in power since we have been part of the United States of America, this change happened around forty years ago when we switched political colors from the blue Democrats to the red Republicans. From the mid 1800’s till around 1960’s Texas was considered an all Democratic state, then around 1960’s to 1980’s there was a slow trickle of Republicans getting elected (John Cate, 2017), starting with the winning of the election of Richard Nixon who was republic started to make Texas as a swing state during this era. After Nixon was impeached and then he chose to leave the office of the Executive branch after the Watergate scandal, therefore insuring the next election was certainly a democratic one which would win Texas fall back in favor to the blue side, and they did this with the election of Jimmy Carter as President of the United States. After his short term in office, Jimmy Carter was replaced by President Ronald Regan, and since then Texas had been a Republican state. However Texas may be considered a republican state for that period of time, there was some...
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...Only “21.5% of young people, ages 18-29, voted in the 2014 midterm elections” according to Circle. Although the percentage of young Americans participating in voting has always been low, in the past few years their participation in civic duty has significantly dropped. This issue is crucial to my generation because voters determine the future of our country. One of the main causes of this issue is that unfortunately, many young Americans are loosing trust in the government and do not feel that it is effective. “But,” Hamilton Winters, a sophomore at University of Louisiana points out for The News Star, “young Americans have no right to complain about the government if they do not participate in the process that sends people to office to act on...
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...As the appointed top officials in city governments, they must response to the needs of council members. In spite of this limitation, not only do they actively engage in the policy-making process, but also have their own agendas in career development. In council-manager government, Nelson and Svara (2015) identified a trend that city managers become more and more actively engaging in the decision-making process. And in practice, they also implied the possible role of city managers as senior strategic actors who form connections with particular partners and communities. Clearly, for city managers, career advancement might be one of the drives of networking activities. There are few city managers a stay in one city for his or her whole career history (Watson & Hassett, 2003). Most of them might mobile from small cities to larger ones as career advancement, although not all cities managers in larger cities have the same career trajectories (54.9% in their sample hiring outside from bigger cities) (Watson & Hassett,...
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...Assessment of Aquino Administration’s policies and achievements The Aquino Administration at the mid of its term: assessment of its policies and achievements in key areas. When Benigno (Noynoy) Aquino was elected in May 2010, it was a huge wave of hope that swept him in a landslide victory into the office of the Philippine President: * hope that he would bring back honesty as guiding principle into the actions and decisions of this office – as it had been the case during the presidency of his revered mother Cory Aquino 1986 – 1992, whose passing away in summer 2009 had plummeted the nation into deep nostalgic mood and initiated the request of the Liberal Party for her son as presidential candidate in the 2010 elections; * hope that the lawlessness, high levels of violence, corruption, human rights violations and impunity would finally find an end; * hope that the hardened poverty of more than 25% of the fast growing population would finally be reduced – following his campaign slogan: “no corruption, no poverty any more”; * hope that he would be able to bring peace to the country which was suffering for more than 40 years from fighting with the Mindanao based Muslim Rebellion and the armed campaign of Maoist in many rural provinces all over the country. Three years later, in the mid of his single six-years term, it is still the hope of the majority of the population which is upholding his high popularity. What has been done, what has been achieved...
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...right for all Americans. He has a plan to make this nation independent from Middle East oil. And he has a plan to modernize and strengthen America's military and lead a new era of alliances - so young Americans are never put in harm's way because we insisted on going it alone. John Kerry is running for president to answer the call to service - just as he has answered that call all his life. He was born on December 11, 1943 at Fitzsimons Army Hospital in Colorado. His father, Richard, volunteered in the Army Air Corps during World War II. His mother, Rosemary, was a lifelong community activist. As he was about to graduate from Yale, John Kerry volunteered to serve in Vietnam. His leadership, courage, and sacrifice earned him a Silver Star, a Bronze Star with Combat V, and three Purple Hearts. In Vietnam, John Kerry saw the lives of his fellow soldiers put at risk because some leaders in Washington were making bad decisions. When he returned home, he became a spokesman for Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) and later co-founded Vietnam Veterans of America. John Kerry then went to work as a prosecutor, putting behind bars "the number two organized crime figure in New England." He fought for victims' rights and created programs for rape counseling. John Kerry was elected Lieutenant Governor in 1982. Two years later, he was elected to the United States Senate and has won reelection three-times since. In the Senate, John Kerry fought to strengthen our economy, improve...
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...In light of the 2006 elections, certain key issues evolved to the forefront of United States politics. The elections spur rapid debate about these topics as people decide who will gain their precious votes. A central issue that evolved became the problem of illegal immigration as it pertains to the United States border and more exclusively, the border of Mexico. The issue at hand is the problem of too many Mexican immigrants crossing over the United States border illegally. Immigration has been at the forefront of American politics for some time now. The issue is not only of recent concern, but of past concern as well. For most of the United States’ history, illegal immigrants have continually crossed the border into the United States. The branches of government involved in this situation is most likely all three of them. The judicial branch has no direct connection as of yet, but a court case can be seen in the future having to deal with this issue of illegal immigration. The executive and legislative branches are most directly involved by dealing with the creating of new legislation and executing it. The legislative branch has passed the necessary laws needed to deal with the illegal immigration issue such as the 700 mile fence across the border of the US and Mexico. The public officials involved with illegal immigration are numerous. The President all the way down to the small city officials cope and strategize about this issue. Cities and state official deal...
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...This article was downloaded by: [Loughborough University] On: 26 March 2015, At: 11:27 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Public Money & Management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rpmm20 How the UK government responded to the fiscal crisis: an outsider's view Walter Kickert Published online: 23 Mar 2012. To cite this article: Walter Kickert (2012) How the UK government responded to the fiscal crisis: an outsider's view, Public Money & Management, 32:3, 169-176, DOI: 10.1080/09540962.2012.676273 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2012.676273 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable...
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...Soon after the election of John Tyler was elected as US president in 1841, he vigorously pursued the idea of annexing Texas and other western territories. In 1843, secret negotiations between the US and Texas began and consequently an annexation treaty was drafted by John C. Calhoun (Text p. 440). John C. Calhoun centered his Erin Rall 11-5-15 History 113 Prof. Townsend political career around the defense of slavery and had been the Senate’s most vocal advocate for the expansion of slavery. However the annexationists came together and nominated James Knox Polk as their chosen candidate and taking advantage of the deadlocked convention of the Democrats, these gave a new lease of life to the annexation process. The combination offered a winning formula and subsequently led to Whig candidate changing his stance on the annexation issue. The United States House and Senate, in turn, accepted the Texas state constitution in a Joint Resolution to Admit Texas as a State which was signed by the president. On December 29, 1845, Texas was successfully annexed into the United States of America and admitted to the union as its 28th member state (Ch. 14 PowerPoint). Texas’ nickname is the “Lone Star State” as a reminder of its struggle for...
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...ECON 301 ASSIGNMENT In Turkey, one of the debates about the country is elections, whether the elections are fair or is there a question mark on it. Everyone knows that literacy rate is really above when we compare with developed countries. Some believes that younger people don’t have a lot of information about politics and they vote the one which has more votes on elections or if we give an another example, rich people vote the party which is popular so that way they don’t get hurt in economical way. People who makes economical researchs, wanted to research elections in Turkey. TABLE 1 | | | DATA NAME | MEASUREMENT | SOURCE | RATE OF POLİTİCAL PARTIES | NUMBER | YSK | ECONOMICAL STATUS OF VOTERS | NUMBER | VOTERS | COLLEGE GRADUATES/ECONOMICAL RATIO | RATIO | MINISTARY OF EDUCATION | DEGREE RESTRICTIONS | DUMMY (1,0) | MINISTARY OF EDUCATION | As data, exact values that are collected from governmental data. Only one part of it is from Voters and they are used to reach unbiased and accurate results. Table 1 indicates that which data has get used in which unit of measurement and whats the source of it. To reach an econometrical result, rate of parties has used as dependent variable. Economical status of voters, College graduates/economical ratios and age restriction is additional control variables. Research is more appropriate to be categorized under cross section data analysis in terms of data belongs in different zones of Turkey. Number of political...
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...democracies can exist in such a time where the conditions have changed drastically since old Athens? Furthermore, do they constitute meaningful alternatives to representative democracy? For this investigation, a line needs to be drawn between the different types of instruments used by direct democracies. In the first part, I will focus on instruments of direct democracies that influence the executive branch. In the second part, I will focus on instruments of direct democracies that influence the legislative branch, mostly carried out by referendums. Within this study, I will also distinguish between decision promoting, decision controlling and imposed referendums by a government. Notably, people have an enhanced influence on the decision making process when they get the opportunity to be directly...
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