...Eliminating the Gender Achievement Gap ELIMINATING THE GENDER ACHIEVEMENT GAP Preconceived notions of what boys and girls can and cannot do will have negative effects on both genders. Parents who allow their sons to misbehave and say “boys will be boys” not only damage their view of themselves but it does not teach them the consequences of right and wrong. Telling a boy “big boys do not cry” may create an emotionally stunted boy. Society allows girls to express their emotions but boys must keep them inside. While society does not blink an eye when a boy aspires to becoming an auto mechanic or a girl a stay at home mom, the converse brings discomfort, ridicule, much discussion and even embarrassment for the families. Research shows women have made tremendous gains in the last few decades; however, it is still difficult for them to obtain equality. According to an article from the Institute for Women’s Policy Research, women make up almost half of all actively employed people in the work force yet; they earn, on average, 23% less than their male counterparts holding the same position (Hegewisch & Hudiburg, 2013, para.1). The pace has been so slow that if it continues at this same rate, it will take over 40 years before women will earn the same salary as men in the same positions (Hegewisch & Hudiburg, 2013, para. 2). What causes this phenomenon? Is it nature or nurture? Is it something that begins in the womb or the formative years...
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...Carson Elementary is part of The Denver Public School System (DPS), located at 5420 E. 1st Avenue, Denver Co, 80220, in the Hilltop neighborhood of Denver. According to Denver Office Affairs, the Hilltop area in 2013, annual median household income was $102, 913,00.00. Just under 34% of residents in this area were married couples have children that could attend Carson Elementary. Also, 95% of the Hilltop neighborhood is of the White racial background. Carson is considered a distinguished school, with a score of 81.43%. (DPS 2014). with 76.1% progress over time for growth (DPS 2014). In 2013-2014, there were 417 students at Carson, with 21 Black, 15 Asian, 303 White, 56 Hispanic, and 30 of two or more races. 15.49% of students are classified as economically disadvantaged, 9.59% have limited English proficiency, 8.8% have learning disabilities, 17% are minorities and 32.94% are considered gifted and talented. 15.8% of students are on Free and Reduced lunch (FRL), and 10.8% were English language learners. Academic Proficiency and Growth According to the data, there is a large achievement gap between White students compared to Black and Hispanic students. For example, 95.56% of...
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...Pakistan. The respondents for this study were 10th grade students (300 male & 300 female). A survey was conducted by using a questionnaire for information gathering about different factors relating to academic performance of students. The academic performance was gauged by the result of their 9th grade annual examination. Standard t-test and ANOVA were applied to investigate the effect of different factors on students’ achievement. The results of the study revealed that socioeconomic status (SES) and parents’ education have a significant effect on students’ overall academic achievement as well as achievement in the subjects of Mathematics and English. The high and average socio-economic level affects the performance more than the lower level. It is very interesting that parents’ education means more than their occupation in relation to their children’s academic performance at school. It was found that girls perform better than the male students. Keywords: Quality performance, achievement, socioeconomic demographic factors, gender and academic achievement. status, INTRODUCTION In this era of globalization and technological revolution, education is considered as a first step for every human activity. It plays a vital role in the development of human capital and is linked with an individual’s well-being and opportunities for better living (Battle & Lewis, 2002). It...
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...Pakistan. The respondents for this study were 10th grade students (300 male & 300 female). A survey was conducted by using a questionnaire for information gathering about different factors relating to academic performance of students. The academic performance was gauged by the result of their 9th grade annual examination. Standard t-test and ANOVA were applied to investigate the effect of different factors on students’ achievement. The results of the study revealed that socio-economic status (SES) and parents’ education have a significant effect on students’ overall academic achievement as well as achievement in the subjects of Mathematics and English. The high and average socio-economic level affects the performance more than the lower level. It is very interesting that parents’ education means more than their occupation in relation to their children’s academic performance at school. It was found that girls perform better than the male students. Keywords: Quality performance, achievement, socioeconomic status, demographic factors, gender and academic achievement. INTRODUCTION In this era of globalization and technological revolution, education is considered as a first step for every human activity. It plays a vital role in the development of human capital and is linked with an individual’s well-being and opportunities for better living (Battle & Lewis, 2002). It ensures the acquisition of...
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...of Pakistan. The respondents for this study were 10th grade students (300 male & 300 female). A survey was conducted by using a questionnaire for information gathering about different factors relating to academic performance of students. The academic performance was gauged by the result of their 9th grade annual examination. Standard t-test and ANOVA were applied to investigate the effect of different factors on students’ achievement. The results of the study revealed that socioeconomic status (SES) and parents’ education have a significant effect on students’ overall academic achievement as well as achievement in the subjects of Mathematics and English. The high and average socio-economic level affects the performance more than the lower level. It is very interesting that parents’ education means more than their occupation in relation to their children’s academic performance at school. It was found that girls perform better than the male students. Keywords: Quality performance, achievement, socioeconomic demographic factors, gender and academic achievement. status, INTRODUCTION In this era of globalization and technological revolution, education is considered as a first step for every human activity. It plays a vital role in the development of human capital and is linked with an individual’s well-being and opportunities for better living (Battle & Lewis, 2002). It ensures the acquisition of...
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...“FACTORS THAT AFFECTS STUDY HABITS OF GRADE ONE STUDENTS OF BALUARTE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, LUMBIA CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY” By: Eguia, Hanie Vessa V. Ramos, Patricia Bianca N. Remolador, Kelly R. Mr.Frederick Espiritu January 26, 2013 Chapter 1 The Problem “FACTORS THAT AFFECTS STUDY HABITS OF GRADE ONE STUDENTS OF BALUARTE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, LUMBIA CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY” During the last century we have moved from the Industrial Age through the Information Age to the Knowledge Age. The ability to obtain, assimilate and apply the right knowledge effectively, will become a key skill in the next century. Our ability will no longer be judged solely by qualifications gained in the past, but will also be assessed by our capacity to learn and adapt in the future. Learning isn't just about economic success, however. It is the key to achieving our full potential. Human beings are uniquely adapted to learn and we have the ability to do so throughout our lives.Learning has the power to transform us. Specifically, we can become more successful:at home and with our families, at work and at large in our local community. (Campaign for Learning, UK, 2001) Learning is very important. As human beings we are expected to learn to be able to cope with the new generation. To be able to learn effectively, one must have a good study habits. Study habits are routines, including, but not restricted to, frequency of studying sessions, review of material...
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...The Gender Achievement Gap Rena Godfrey Capella University ED5540 Strategies for Eliminating the Achievement Gap Quarter & Year: Fall 2013 Email: godfreyrena@gmail.com Instructor: Marge Zuba, Ed.D. Gender Achievement Gap One of the most interesting and actively debated areas in educational research concerns the gender-based achievement gaps in math and science. Despite research efforts and statistical data backing up the notion that girls are falling behind in math and science, there still continues to be significant gender-based achievement gaps that are perpetuated by “insidious gender lessons, micro-inequities…that chip away at girls’ achievement and self-esteem” (Sadker & Sadker, 1994). Research studies shed light on significant decreases in girls’ achievement rates in math and science as early as middle school that continues to decrease into high school. Although the achievement gap in math has declined in recent years (AAUW, 1999), girls consistently score lower on the SAT and ACT than boys do, and the gap does not narrow in college. Researchers struggling to identify the origins of gender differences have examined a range of theories, including biological, environmental, cultural, and cognitive developmental approaches to gender differences. What is Gender Equity? Gender equity implies being treated equally fair for both male and female. Gender refers to the social roles of men and women, and boys and girls, as well as the relationships...
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...The term “Achievement Gap” is used to describe the constant discrepancies of performance measures between groups of students by socioeconomic conditions, race, and gender; there is also a segment that focuses on the achievement of disabled students. White students are by far more privileged in regards to education. Minority students are students who are not Caucasian, but are of Hispanic, African American, or Asian descent. Minority students test scores have always been lower than that of their white peers. Minority students are also more likely to get lower paying jobs, are less likely to pursue higher education than their white peers and are at more of a risk to be put in special education classes. In the 1980s there was a push in education...
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...Chapter IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter presents the data gathered with the use of self-formulated questionnaire from the pupils of San Isidro Elementary School and Olongtao Ibaba Elementary School. Data are presented in a tabular form for immediate analysis and interpretation. Table A: Distribution of Respondents as to Gender; Grade level and section (San Isidro Elementary School) Gender Grade level and Section Total one two three Four five six 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Male Count 8 8 6 6 8 7 5 8 8 6 8 7 4 6 7 7 6 6 121 % 3.31 3.31 2.48 2.48 3.31 2.89 2.07 3.31 3.31 2.48 3.31 2.89 1.65 2.48 2.89 2.89 2.48 2.48 50 Female Count 8 7 6 8 6 5 11 7 7 9 2 5 10 8 4 3 7 8 121 % 3.31 2.89 2.48 3.31 2.48 2.07 4.55 2.89 2.89 3.72 0.83 2.07 4.13 3.31 1.65 0.12 2.89 3.31 50 Total Count 16 15 12 14 14 12 16 15 15 15 10 12 14 14 11 10 13 14 242 % 6.61 6.20 4.96 5.79 5.79 4.96 6.61 6.20 6.20 6.20 4.13 4.96 5.79 5.79 4.55 4.13 5.37 5.79 100 Table 1a shows that 121 (50%) male and 121 (50%) female pupils constitute the total of 242 (100%) respondents from San Isidro Elementary School. It is composed of 43 grade one pupils wherein 16 (6.61%) were from section 1, 15 (6.20%) from section 2 and 12 from section 3 (4.96%); 40 grade two pupils wherein 14 (5.79%) from section 1, 14 (5.79%)from section 2 and 12 (4.96%) from section 3; 46 grade three pupils wherein 16 (6.61%) from section 1, 15 (6.20%) from section 2 and 15 (6.20)...
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...Effects of socioeconomic status on academic performance in Missouri public schools ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 2009 Dissertation Author: Brent M Blevins Abstract: Understanding the effects of socioeconomic status on academic performance is important in determining effective and valid testing for all Missouri students. Determining the correlation between these two variables is important for all educators to understand, so that all students can achieve to their academic potential. Finding the correlation between academic performance and socioeconomic status can assist educators in determining instructional strategies that best fit each individual student. In this study the researcher analyzed the effects of socioeconomic status on the academic performance by retrieving data on the state mandated Missouri Assessment Program. The researcher analyzed fifty school districts on the communication arts portion of the MAP test. This data was used in determining the academic performance of these students. The percent of free and reduced lunch students in these districts was used in determining their socioeconomic status. The correlation between the two variables was determined by using the Pearson r Correlation Formula. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract.................................................iii List of Tables............................................vi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...................................1 Statement of the Problem.........................5 Importance...
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...School for At-Risk Students to Improve MAP Achievement H Abstract “Race to the Top” have left public education systems searching for ways to make sure students are reaching their highest potential. Because of the importance of accountability issues to school systems, it is important to examine ways to help students reach their potential. One tool school districts use to aid in improving student achievement is summer school. This qualitative study provides an overview of the history of summer school. Additionally, it offers a synopsis of various types of summer programs and at-risk student populations often targeted by summer school. The researcher also offers a review of literature on student learning loss over the summer months. Summer learning programs have the potential to help children and youth improve their academic and other outcomes. This is especially true for children from low-income families who might not have access to educational resources throughout the summer months and for low-achieving students who need additional time to master academic content. Because many students loose learning over the summer and some students need more time on task to master content, participation in summer learning programs should mitigate learning loss and could even produce achievement gains on standardized test such as MAP. Overview One hundred and fifty Title I-eligible students from Chandler Creek Elementary school will enroll each summer in a four week...
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...as noted by Lindsey (2011). Another way in which a woman’s household roles impact her work outside of the home is when it comes to hiring and promotion. As noted by Lindsey (2011), married women with children are often considered a liability as employers feel that women will favor their family over the workplace when the corporate and family life juggling act occurs. This impacts women with children in the workplace as they can be seen as unreliable and less dedicated. This is unfortunate as many fathers have to struggle with work and family, but that fact doesn’t affect them in the same what that it does women. Lindsey, L. (2011). Global Perspectives of Gender. Gender Roles A Sociological Perspective (pp.272-301). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. Prentice Hall. 2. How does stereotyping related to the female gender role impede female managers as they perform their corporate roles and as they strive for upward mobility in those roles? Stereotyping directly affects female managers while performing in their corporate roles. Women, according to Lindsey (2011), are placed into two groups: women with a career and a family and those who only have a career. Women who have families are not held to the same expectations as female managers who do not. Businesses believe that their investment in the female managers is lost whenever...
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...No Child Left Behind and its Effects on City School Districts Abstract The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is a federal law that mandates a number of programs aimed at improving U.S. education in elementary, middle, and high school by increasing accountability standards. The aproach of NCLB is based on theories in education that high expectations and goal setting will result in greater educational achievement for most students. High standards for all students as well as educators are quality goals, however, using standardized tests to measure success is not the most effective method. Having high standards is a necessary part of our nation's success, it sets a high level of accountability and provides benchmarks for both the student and educators. Those schools that are categorized as performing poor are required to have supplemental asistance like tutoring, after school programs or even replacing teacher completely. Schools risk being restructured or even taken over by the state is after five years of not making adequate yearly progress. But standardized testing is an ineffective way of assessing individual student performance. This type of test gives reason to teach according to what is on the test, rather than for authentic learning. When using standardized tests there is no room to account for differennt learning styles and strengths of each student. Everyone learns differenntly but with this type of test doesn't allow for...
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...No Child Left behind Act– Final ENG 122 English Composition II August 19, 2014 The No Child Left behind Act has weakened the sense of community in the educational system, often causing a sense of hopelessness to be more obvious among disadvantaged students or neglected educational systems. Throughout the ages one theme among a populace of peoples of common mind, language and religion along with survival that has maintained its importance is education or knowledge of its peoples. People throughout the ages attained different degrees of education but its importance was vital to the survival and advancement of what once were nomadic tribes to the nation states we now know of today. Many famous philosophers liked to give their opinion on the merit of a good education, their disgust with ignorance or how education or the lack of knowledge was a powerful political tool. While ignoring the fact that an education wasn’t available to all people’s and in many parts of the world this is still the case even in the twenty-first century. Take a look at a world map, how many continents can you name? How many countries can you identify? How many of those countries speak a common language and share common ideals and values, forms of governance and religion. That wouldn’t be possible without an education or a system that at least at some basic level provided for an increase in the general of its people. The mighty and the great, the warriors and the kings, along with the humble peasant...
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...important to me? Conventional wisdom has held to the notion that boys are better at math than girls. Perhaps, this age old belief was responsible for Mattel the company that produced “Teen talk Barbie” in 1992 to create a Barbie doll that had among its stored phrases, one phrase that said, “Math class is tough!”. This phrase was stored with 270 other girl talk phrases such as “I love shopping” and “Will we have enough clothes!”. The result was that Mattel was soundly criticized and quickly changed the doll’s offending phrase a few months later. In spite of Mattel’s effort to correct a message that verbalized an inherent cultural bias, one wonders if the is any accuracy to the stereotype that associate math being difficult with the female gender and whether math is less difficult for males. Bryner (2007) indicated that women are still outnumbered by men in math science and engineering fields. Tachibana (2010) posited that as much as 90 percent of the engineers in the United States are male. Mathematics is considered a gateway such to the hard sciences....
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