...A Port is a geographical area where ships are bought alongside land to load and unload cargo – usually a sheltered deep water area such as a bay, or river mouth. The Port Authority is the organization responsible for providing the various maritime services required to bring ships alongside land. Terminal is a section of the port consisting of one or more berths devoted to a particular type of cargo handling. • Infrastructure for ship berth; • Sea/ river and land access; - Road/Rail/IWT access • Industrial area. [pic] Ports - nodes to link with other inland transport modes such as highways, railways, and inland waterway systems. Ports not only act as gateways for trade, but also attract agents of commercial infrastructure such as banks and insurance agents, as well as industrial activities. Ideal port or harbor ← Adequate Depth Of Water within the harbour, the approaches, and the entrance channels to accommodate safely the largest vessels expected to use the harbour, at the same time providing adequate protection from the open sea; ← Minimum Interference from tides and currents or, alternatively, structures and facilities designed to compensate for or overcome disadvantageous tides and currents; ← Freedom from fog and ice, or adaptation, such as ice-breaking technology; ← Bottom Characteristics that provide suitable anchorage for vessels within the harbour; ← Adequate Adjacent Land with physical characteristics...
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...Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics - A - Above the line |In balance of payments[->0] accounting, this refers to those transactions that are included in calculating the balance of payments surplus[->1] or deficit. Transactions below the line, typically official reserve transactions[->2] and sometimes short term capital flows[->3], are not included. | Absolute advantage |The ability to produce a good at lower cost, in terms of real resources, than another country. In a Ricardian model[->4], cost is in terms of only labor. Absolute advantage is neither necessary nor sufficient for a country to export a good. See comparative advantage[->5]. | Absolute advantage trade policy |The idea, advocated by opponents of globalization[->6], that a country should import only goods in which other countries have an absolute advantage[->7], particularly goods that the importing country cannot (or cannot "reasonably") produce itself. | Absolute Purchasing Power Parity |See purchasing power parity[->8]. | Absorption |Total demand for final goods and services by all residents (consumers, producers, and government) of a country (as opposed to total demand for that country's output). The term was introduced as part of the Absorption Approach[->9]. | Absorption approach |A way of understanding the determinants of the balance of trade, noting that it is equal to income minus absorption. Due to Alexander (1952)[->10] | Abundant |Available in large supply. Usually meaningful...
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