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The Future of Social Security

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The Future of Social Security
Paula Allen
COM 156
December 11, 2010
Joy V'Marie

The Future of Social Security
Social Security will not meet the needs of the younger generations in retirement because the depletion of funds in the Social Security trusts. The age requirement is predicted to rise to 70 by 2037 for those who can draw full benefits. There are people who survive on their monthly benefits from Social Security, but how long will it be before they cannot live on this amount of money? Under current laws and program benefits, the future of Social Security is unstable unless changes are made. Once the trust funds are exhausted, the funds do not have the ability to borrow money to keep paying benefits to those who receive them. So, what can the government do to protect the future of these trusts and ensure their stability for the future?

The minimum age to start drawing Social Security is 62, but to draw full benefits a person must be 66. The current age to draw full benefits is 66 and will change to 67 soon because of the Social Security Amendments of 1983. The majority of American people are waiting to a much later age to retire than in the past. The younger generation of today may not be able to draw benefits until they are 70. Whether people retire early or late, the amount of benefits will equal about the same. Some people may believe that Social Security will meet their needs in retirement. If a person pays in the maximum amount of money, then he can draw the maximum amount of benefits when he retires. If all their assets are paid for when they retire a person could survive on his benefits as long as he planned for his yearly expenses and set money aside to pay these. Some of the elderly people in America survive on just their monthly checks from Social Security, but the majority of people drawing Social Security rely on other government programs to help them meet their needs. For instance, they receive assistance with housing needs or get food stamps to help with groceries each month. Will they be able to keep surviving on this menial amount of money? Because of inflation and its effect on the economy, will this money meet their needs?

Unless changes are made to the current laws and program benefits, the future of Social Security is unstable. These funds cannot sustain with the current obligations they are under. “DI trust fund exhaustion is projected for 2020 under the trustees’ intermediate assumptions in the 2009 Trustees Report. Trust fund exhaustion is projected for 2038 for the OASI fund separately. The proximity of the trust fund exhaustion for the DI program requires special attention. Since 1983, DI program cost has risen above expectations to a much greater degree than has the OASI program cost” (Goss, 2010, OASI and DI Trust Funds Separately para. 2). DI stands for the Disability Insurance trust and OASI stands for Old-Age, Survivors, and Insurance trust. Knowing these figures should prompt the American government to make changes immediately. These projections for the future tell us that changes will have to be made to laws and benefits. The question is, what type of changes will they make and how will it affect those drawing benefits now? These programs will need to take into account the cost of inflation in the years to come and the number of people paying money into the program. Life expectancy was short in preindustrial America, but in the twentieth century, the healthier living standards of today has produced an increasing amount of Americans living well past their life expectancy (Dewitt, 2010). Today’s average life expectancy is 78.3 years. The life expectancy of a person has doubled in the last 60 years. Obviously, their predictions from the past did not foresee the future in a predicament like this. Exactly how will they project the future cost of these programs in an economy as unstable as ours is today?

The three trust fund programs cannot borrow money to keep paying benefits when the dedicated taxes and trust funds are not sufficient. “Because the ability of these programs to pay benefits is directly dependent on the availability of assets in their respective trust funds, the existence of assets over time in the future is the critical indicator of solvency” (Goss, 2010, Solvency of the Social Security Program, para. 3). Solvency is the ability of these programs to meet maturing obligations as they come due. Once the trust funds are depleted, it is estimated that the dedicated taxes will only cover 75% of benefits. This amount would be less than the current amount a person can draw. During an interview with an 82-year-old man who retired this year, he stated, “I draw the maximum amount allowed and I bring home $1700 after they take out for Medicare. Everything I own is paid for and I still need supplemental income to meet my obligations.” The majority of Americans will not pay in enough money, so they can draw the maximum amount of benefits. Knowing this information, is it any wonder why people believe that Social Security will not be around?

In conclusion, although people think that Social Security will meet their needs in retirement, Social Security will not be around when the younger generation retires for two main reasons. Unless the current benefits and laws are changed, the program will not be protected. The government will need to make the changes to the laws and benefits already in place. They will need to take into consideration how long a person will draw Social Security because people are living much longer than in the past. Even if they change the laws now, can it cover the future expenses in a timely manner? More important, the exhaustion of assets and taxes brought in will not be able to pay benefits in the future. So, what can we do to ensure that Social Security will still be around when we retire?

References
DeWitt, L. (2010). The Development of Social Security in America. Social Security Bulletin, 70(3), 1-26. Retrieved from http://ssa.gov
Goss, S. C. (2010). The Future Financial Status of the Social Security Program. Social Seccurity Bulletin, 70(3), 3. Retrieved from http://ssa.gov
P.L. 98-21, (. (2010). Social Security Amendments of 1983. Retrieved from http://ssa.gov

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