...The Recent Recession Joanne Cartier Mr. Fant ECO 100 March 15, 2013 A recession is defined as a decline in a country’s GDP (gross domestic product) or when the economic growth in negative, two or more consecutive quarters. The state of the economy during the most recent recession was the worst since the Great Depression. In 2008-2009, the economy decreased within five quarters, including four quarters consecutively. Two quarters showed a decrease more than 5% and Q2 in 2008 dropped 8.9%. This was the lowest drop in a recession since the Great Depression. In Q3 2009, the recent recession ended, because of economic stimulus spending. The recent recession was the longest since the Depression, lasting 18 months. The recession officially started in late 2007 to mid-2009. The Economic Security Index determined the impact of the recession by developing a measurement tool based on government economic data. The tool showed that due to the decline in income, increase in medical spending or both, Americans experienced a financial loss of 25 percent or greater. Southern states showed the worst economic losses from 2008-2010. Researchers found various reasons linked to these states hardship such as, poverty rates, the amount college graduates and unemployment rates. During the last recession, the national unemployment rate was at 5.0 percent making it the lowest in 2.5 years. From December 2007- June 2009, employment decline was the greatest of any recession of recent...
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...and publicly traded companies filed for bankruptcy? Why did a house that used to cost $200,000.00 just sell for $40,000.00? Why are foreclosures at the highest rate in US history? Maybe the question to ask is what has caused all of this? There are so many questions to be answered when it comes to the economic conditions in the United States. How did it get into the current condition? What were the signs of slipping into the crisis (economic indicators)? Whose actions were responsible? Was the responsible party also guilty of unethical behavior (big issue) or was it accidental. How long will it take for the economy to get back to being productive? In the past, America has been a very productive, successful country. There have been other recessions and a depression that have affected the U.S. but for some reason this current crisis was started by a completely different chain of events. What was the chain of events that triggered this current catastrophe? There are so many questions that need to be answered for the people of America and this student is now on a mission to give the United States and the world an explanation about the crisis and possible solutions to getting out of the crises. After this catastrophe started in the United States, the rest of the countries in the world suffered the same fate. This is because the...
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...The Great Depression of 1929 compared to the Great Recession that Started in 2007 The Great Depression and The Great Recession were similar in some ways, but were different in several ways. There are many differences of opinion in regards to which one was worse, and who sustained the most damage. Some believe when Obama took over is his first year of office, he faced the worst economic situation in January 2009. Although, there are reports that Roosevelt faced a severe economic situation when he took office in February of 1933. Franklin D. Roosevelt took office in February of 1933, in which the country was in the Great Depression that started in 1929. It has been said that the Depression lasted 10 years, and started on a per say, “Black Thursday.” This was when millions of dollars in stock sold in one day. This caused prices to fall 23%, and caused the stock market, “to crash.” This started the downward spiral, with businesses closing, people losing jobs, and then people losing their homes. Farmers lost their farms and unemployment was as high as 25%. People were unable to survive, but when Roosevelt took over he passed several bills to help the economy. The FED implemented the reserves a short time prior to the Depression starting. They followed as some say tight monetary policies. These policies caused the banks to not be able to lend due to the high interest rates. People were unable to afford the higher interest, and this caused the money supply (which keeps the economy...
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...Escaping the Recession 2007 Is Creating Recession? Han Tran Principles of Macroeconomics Mihaylo College of Business and Economics California State University at Fullerton December 2, 2010 Abstract The Economic Recession 2007 is the second worst recession in American history. It starts out within the housing market. Then, it expands and harms the other business sectors clearly. To illustrate, the U.S GDP failed by around 7%. Americans struggles who laid-off so unemployment rate shoot up to 9.7%. Many retirees lose their money due to the failure of many investment vehicles. The stock market performance declines because companies go bankrupt. Faced the threat of another Great Depression, the government and Federal Reserve Bank immediately interfere to boost up the economy using many fiscal and monetary policies. These efforts definitely help to improve or at least lighten the crisis’s impact on households and businesses. However, economists are concerned by the potential risks of future inflation and debts. 1. Introduction It started out as a failure of the housing market only. However, unexpectedly and quickly expanded, it flooded the whole economy with bankruptcy, unemployment and failure of stock market and other investment vehicles. It is the Recession 2007 whose damages are just less than the Great Depression. The following paper primarily demonstrates the causation of the Recession 2007, the responded policies of the government or the Federal...
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...the Great Recession. The data shows that before the recession the United States’ economy was operating at a solid level. The recent numbers show that the economy is on its way back to the state it was in before the recession hit. The Great Recession began in December 2007 due to major factors that lead to economic turmoil. Causes of the recession include failure of the federal to stem the tide of toxic mortgages, breakdowns in corporate governance, a excessive mix of risky barrowing by the households and wall street, key policy makers were not prepared for the crisis, and breaches in accountability and ethics at all levels. Due to the combination of these factors the Great recession was started and did not officially end until June 2009. During this time the unemployment rate took an all-time high and GDP growth was slowed down and at one point went negative. This was a rough time for the United States financially. Many people were in debt and did not have a job. The housing market also crashed, leaving Americans with little money and high prices on real-estate. Consumer cutbacks took a major increase, which also increased inflation, which lead to the decrease in GDP. Although the recession ended in 2009, it was the worst year for the United States unemployment rate. The annual unemployment rate in 2009 was 9.2%. The most recent unemployment rate release was 7.0%, which is the lowest it has been since 2008. Just last year the annual unemployment rate was 8.1%. In 2007, which...
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...activity as measured by GDP .The great economic depression of the US from 1929-1939 was one of the worst economic depressions in the world economy. The GDP per capita of the United States fell by a third (Federico 2005). A lot of economic activities went down and so many people suffered. Even though the depression affect the rest of the world, it has been called the great depression of the US because it’s believed that the US suffered more than any other nation and the causes are also attributed to have been started in America. Many things have been attributed to have caused the great depression among them are bank failure, Stock Market Crash of 1929, Reduction in Purchasing Across the Board, American Economic Policy with Europe, Drought Conditions but many people believe that it’s the American economic policies that really caused the depression and entirely blame the government for that. Some of the effects are increase in unemployment, collapse of banks and increase in the cost of living. On the other hand the economic recession of 2008 was longest recession since the world war two hence the term great recession. The recession lasted for 18 months from December 2007 to June 2009. Various things have been attributed to have cause the recession among them are irrational excitement in the housing market and low interest rates while some of the effects are increase in unemployment, increase in oil prices, decrease in consumption and investment. Recessions are declared by the national...
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...net income and it’s competitor’s income)!8! Result and Recommendation! Result! Discussion ! Recommendation! Conclusion! Appendix A! Appendix B! Appendix C! Appendix D! Appendix E! Notes! Bibliography! 10! 10! 11! 11! 12! 14! 16! 18! 20! 21! 22! 23! 2QA3 GROUP PROJECT ii Executive Summary! The retail giant, Walmart, has out beat all its competitors and gains a remarkable growth during the 2008 Great Recession. The further investigation has conducted to confirm the relationship between Walmart’s net income and Canadian average income. The results show that as percentage growth of Canadian average income decreases, the percentage growth of Walmart’s net income increases. It also determines that Walmart’s growth has no direct relationship with its competitor, Shoppers Drug Mart. The forward recommendations for the findings are researching more information and expanding larger sample size. Companies in the retail industry should be aware of the importance of proper strategies in the economic crisis. Walmart has established an outstanding image for growth in the Great Recession and thus provide meaningful...
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...SERIES IZA DP No. 6057 PAPER The Global Economic Crisis: Long-Term Unemployment in the OECD P.N. (Raja) Junankar DISCUSSION October 2011 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor The Global Economic Crisis: Long-Term Unemployment in the OECD P.N. (Raja) Junankar University of New South Wales, University of Western Sydney and IZA Discussion Paper No. 6057 October 2011 IZA P.O. Box 7240 53072 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-180 E-mail: iza@iza.org Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary...
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...In over half a century since the World War II ended ten recessions succeeded it. However, The Great recession of 2007 was the longest, deepest, widest and most severe of them all, as it lasted from December 2007 through June 2009. The collapse of the housing market in America, which is known as the Sub-prime mortgage crisis was determined to be the main cause of the great recession of 2007. This sub-prime mortgage crisis drastically affected millions of Americans as it increased unemployment, which led to an increase in poverty, thus prompting the government to respond. Mr. Claude Gerald, Retired Economics Lecturer at the Montserrat Community College, stated “The Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 in North America was the main cause of the recession.” He further mentioned that the year 2007 initiated an era of turmoil as the financial crisis in the United States housing market began, which led to one of the worse financial meltdowns since the great depression in 1929. Mr. Gerald explained that In the housing market, persons who wished to purchase a house but unfortunately have a credit score typically below 620 would have been issued Sub-prime mortgage loans, as they may not have been able to acquire finance otherwise considering that sufficient collateral and a healthy credit history is required. These mortgages however were affiliate with high interest rates due to the likelihood of lenders being unable to acquire repayments in full as these persons have a history of making...
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...Recession A significant decline in activity across the economy, lasting longer than a few months. It is visible in industrial production, employment, real income and wholesale-retail trade. The technical indicator of a recession is two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth as measured by a country's gross domestic product (GDP); although the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) does not necessarily need to see this occur to call a recession. Recession is a normal (albeit unpleasant) part of the business cycle; however, one-time crisis events can often trigger the onset of a recession. The global recession of 2008-2009 brought a great amount of attention to the risky investment strategies used by many large financial institutions, along with the truly global nature of the financial system. As a result of such a wide-spread global recession, the economies of virtually all the world's developed and developing nations suffered extreme set-backs and numerous government policies were implemented to help prevent a similar future financial crisis. A recession generally lasts from six to 18 months, and interest rates usually fall in during these months to stimulate the economy by offering cheap rates at which to borrow money. The sharp decline in economic activity during the late 2000s, which is generally considered the largest downturn since the Great Depression. The term “Great Recession” applies to both the U.S. recession – officially lasting from December 2007...
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...In 1929 and 2007 our nation was at it’s weakest point. 1929 the stock markets crashed, which was just the start of the “Great Depression.” In 2007 the global financial crisis struck which was the start of the “Great Recession.” The two economic crises have many comparisons and contrast during these times. Both crises had high rates of unemployment, falling income, and both had many deals to help bring the rates down. The Great Depression had a great impact on farmers. The deals that were made had a big role in helping the economy. The Great Depression first begin in 1929. We had a population of 88,010,000. The great depression “was a fanatical and industrial slump”. 1,550,000 people were unemployed. During the first three years of the depression...
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...E-commerce Executive Summary: E-commerce is one of the most progressive sectors of the economy. E-commerce has had powerful impact on all the macroeconomic sectors. It is redefining business processes and consumer expectations. The internet backbone of e-commerce is connecting every vendor in the world to every buyer across the globe. Advent of mobile devices has made the whole process even more interesting. E-commerce has done really well in its own right during the course of its conception as an industry. The growth rate have been continually rising against traditional shopping every year. Although the Great Recession has impacted the retail industry as a whole, the ratio of e-commerce sales are still strong and increasing. There are some clear dominance for certain goods that are purchased only through the internet. However, the proportion of shoppers purchasing online and shoppers through brick and mortars are still low. While it seems that e-commerce is taking over traditional sales, it is not even close to full domination of the retail industry. E-commerce has had significant impact on financial markets. Revenue growth of this sector is higher than that of the economy. Contribution of e-commerce to the GDP is increasing at a substantial rate. This fast growing industry has low entry barriers and is highly dependent on technological advancements. Efficiency and cost of performance are rapidly changing in favor of the industry with the growth in the technology sector. With...
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...Financial crisis 2008. What is it? The Great Recession was a period of general economic decline observed in world markets beginning around the end of the first decade of the 21st century. The exact scale and timing of the recession, and whether it has ended, is debated and varied from country to country. In terms of overall impact, the International Monetary Fund concluded that it was the worst global recession since World War II. According to the US National Bureau of Economic Research (the official arbiter of US recessions) the US recession began in December 2007 and ended in June 2009, and thus extended over 19 months. The Great Recession was related to the financial crisis of 2007–08 and U.S. subprime mortgage crisis of 2007–09. Why it happened? Exist four main reasons for financial crisis 2008: 1) Sub-prime mortgages 2) Collateralized debt obligations 3) Frozen credit markets 4) Credit default swamp What led to this? Once upon a time, investors in the United States bought Government bonds, which were very reliable investment, but after unrest in the Government rate reduced to 1% that did not like investors and they refused. But banks were just glad now they could borrow nearly free loans and earn money using financial leverage, and then return the borrowed money. Soon this game banks hooked investment banks by selling them mortgage loans for real estate. Because real estate is always grew up in price, and fast, then won it all. Further, the Bank takes many loans...
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...furs for trade. This basically established the link between Canada and Europe, and was the initial face of free trade. The connection of Canada and America trade established quite late, but USA became the most significant partner of trade with Canada. After WWII, the face of trading changed for entire world. Canada established strong connections with Japan, and with Pacific Rim Connection the Japanese industrialisation started, international trade with many countries of pacific region. In 1993, Canada signed NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement), with America and Mexico to remove trading hurdles. This agreement was basically devised by Americans, who already had a strong business tie with Mexico, but this also benefited Canada in a great manner. Mexico has a very diverse and big consumer demand, which benefits Canada a lot. Canadian businesses also benefit from the low cost of labour in Mexico. This agreement opened new gates for the Canadian market to south and Central America. With the success of NAFTA, many other nations were interested in having business ventures with Canada....
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...Institution: Introduction In economics, a recession refers to a business cycle reduction. It refers to a general retardation of economic activities (Simon, 2001). Macroeconomic pointers like gross domestic product (GDP), investment spending, employment, capacity utilization, household income, inflation and business profits fall. This happens while unemployment and bankruptcies rates go up (Andrews, 2009). Recessions crops up when there is a general drop in expenditure. It follows the rising of an economic bubble or an unpredictable supply shock. Governments respond to recessions through implementing expansionary macroeconomic strategies. They tend to raise the government’s expenditure, increase money supply and lessen the amount of tax paid by the citizens (Andrews, 2009). In 2007, a global financial predicament rapidly metamorphosed from the bursting of the property bubble in the United States to the most horrible recession ever witnessed on the planet. This paper will research on the causes of the 2008-2009 economic predicament and the policies executed by various key people liable for saving the U.S. economy. It will also explain the task, constitutional authority, and the policy view of some current holders of key positions that set policies for saving the U.S. economy. In 2007, a worldwide economic predicament spread its gloom on the financial outcomes of several nations (Simon, 2001). It ended with what was often termed as the worst recession (Simon, 2001). Its source that originated...
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