...intelligent execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives - choice, not chance, and determines your destiny.” The Romans inherited a cornucopia of knowledge from the Greeks and Hellenistic cultures in the Mediterranean, such as architecture, strategies of war, politics and the humanities to name a few. However what the Romans had that the Greeks didn’t was extreme self-discipline and organizational skills and when they opened their minds and allowed themselves to be less dogmatic, more artistic and more inclusive they were able to conquer the world. Since we have limited space in which to make our point, we will use religion, philosophy, politics and art in which to illustrate the magnitude of the influence of the Greeks and the Hellenistic cultures on the Romans. The Hellenistic times were a period of questioning our purpose in this world, why things happen, and what transpires after death. Consequently philosophers from many perspectives became popular and presented people with answers and a multitude of options that were being derived from all the Hellenistic societies surrounding the Romans. The political systems inherited from the Greeks became the inspiration for the Roman Empire’s republic and has become the cornerstone of democracies around the world today. Greek and Hellenistic art became the largest influence on every single aspect of Roman life, including their weapons, fashion and home decor. Professor Weber clearly gives the impression that the Romans...
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...Greeks and Romans affected and influenced each other greatly in the Hellenistic Period and Ancient Roman Civilization. The greatest effect of Hellenism; specifically between Rome and Greece; was communication. The spoken word, and the language of printing, sculpture, mosaics and architecture all of which they, and the various regions shared. As the provinces consumed the culture at a constant rate, they also managed to keep their own unique local characteristics and joined them while exploring the arts themselves. Architecture was one of the many characteristics of Greek life that the Romans borrowed various aspects of. The simple but elegantly executed Hellenic style had captivated the Romans as much as other perspectives of Greece. Architecture became a common denominator in the religious lives of Rome and Greece. During the last century of the Republic the attachment of the old indigenous form of worship was replaced by the influence of Modern Greek civilization. This combination of Greek mythology and Greek skepticism soon tended to abolish the deep religious feeling characteristic of the old Romans. The religious indifference of the upper classes grew into a decided animosity to religion itself, and many of the older temples fell into chaos. When finally repaired, the old Roman temples took on a unanimous Greek flavor. The Temple of Portunus for example was created by Romans and combined the Etruscan plans and Greek elevations. Another characteristic between Greece and...
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...Renaissance Humanism encompasses the philosophy that people are capable of truth and goodness. Much of this ideology and philosophy representing art and literature, whose roots are deeply planted in classic Latin, came to the forefront in the Fifteenth Century. Art and literature in the Fifteenth Century were a revival of “Greek and Roman studies, which emphasized the value of the classics for their own sake, rather than for their relevance to Christianity” (Hunter & Payne, 2003). Humanists believed that through the study of “…the classical study of text of ancient Greece and Rome” (Humanism, 2007) one would be able to improve on society as a whole. During previous periods, this type of teaching was kept mostly to theologians, authors and philosophers. During the Renaissance though, the people who had the means and desire to study classical art and literature were from a broad spectrum of royalty to merchants. The students were not studying for professional reasons but more so for pleasure. The interest in art broadened from works Classical Greece to what, at the time of the Renaissance, were referred to as contemporary works and existed as objects of learning or ideal beauty Literature had its foundation deep in classical roots and there are many similarities and contrasting points of view in their themes. One of the most significant documents of literature, during this period, was the theses (“intellectual propositions”) written by Giovanni Pico della Mirandola...
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...the beautiful Greek geography and how it affected trade, some politics and how the government and religion played a part in life, and the periods and mighty wars fought. hopefully i will succeed in this essay and get a good grade. The purpose of this essay is to provide informational facts on ancient greek civilization/culture and give the reader a sense of how it was then. Enjoy. My background knowledge about ancient Greece is that good. From movies I've seen that Greece had some type of problem with Persia. Im not sure what the problem was but i know it was two major city-states/ empires, Athens and Sparta. I know the one army fought on land & the the other on ships in water. I also know that europe is known for wine and oil so i would like to know if those are some resources Adding that I did know that Greece was surrounded by water so I wonder how that affected the crops? Well to continue on I’d like to answer some of my questions and get to know this cool place a little better. Let’s begin. Greece is the South Eastern region on the European continent. It is defined by a series of mountains, surrounded on all sides except the north by water, and had countless amounts of large and small islands. The Ionian and Aegean seas along with the many deep bays and natural harbors along the coast lines allowed the Greeks to progress in maritime trade. Also helped to develop a culture with true inspiration from many sources, both foreign and original. The Greek world eventually...
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...Compare and contrast essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece The ancient Egyptian and ancient Greek civilizations are two of the oldest known civilizations in our history. The Egyptian civilization, based in the eastern part of North Africa, is believed to have started around 3150 BC and continued till the end of the Pharaoh rule in 31 BC. The ancient Greek civilization is believed to have been in effect from 1100 BC till about 146 BC. Many similarities and differences existed between these two civilizations, as even though they co-existed during a certain timeframe (1150 BC to 146 BC), they were located in different geographical areas. Because of these differences in geography, both these civilizations were subjected to different kinds of exposure, which included contact with other civilization and cultural inheritance. In the political sphere, we find that the Egyptian civilization had stronger emphasis on central authority, while the Greeks had a more decentralized structure, where powers were distributed over the cities and the states as well. As far as art is concerned, we find that the Egyptians were more involved in creating great monumental and gaudy structures, while the Greeks were more involved in creating smaller, more literary pieces of art. One of the biggest reasons why these two civilizations had these differences is due to their geography. The Egyptians had easy access to large stones that they could bring in to their country and use them to erect such monumental...
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...Introduction to Humanities- Unit 1 Individual Project Deanna K. Wadley April 28, 2012 ABSTRACT This paper will develop a table to compare and contract both the ancient Greeks and Romans. It will include their culture, the type of governments they had, the level of trade, and economic conditions as well as the geographical areas they both thrived in. In addition the table will compare and contrast both civilizations art, architectural styles and accomplishments and their philosophical and religious beliefs. The table will also include visual representation to give readers a clearer picture of the past. Features of Greek and Roman Cultures Features | Ancient Greece | Roman Republic/Empire | | Timeline | 800 BCE – 500 BCE | 509 BCE - 27 BCE | | Government | * Made up of independent states called Polis, or city states. * Used sanctuaries to gather to share important cultural elements. * Citizens were land-owning males who had the right to vote and speak out in court (Sayre, 2010). | * Class structure composed of three tribes and consisted of two ranks; Patricians, and plebeians. * First form of representative government made up of a legislative and judicial branch * Developed elaborate code of law. (Sayre, 2010). | | Agriculture | * Farming * Animal husbandry * Beekeeping * Greeks had poor soil as they were located in rocky hills and mountains. Greece, 2001). | * Level plains for cultivation * Terraced farming on sloped * Built dams and reservoirs...
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...INTRODUCTION TO HUMANITIES Your Name Name of Your Institution Abstract Compare and contrast distinguishing elements or features of early Greek and Roman cultures, including but not limited to, government, geographical terrain, economics and trade practices, art and architecture, philosophical and religious differences. COMPARE AND CONTRAST GREEK AND ROMAN EARLY CIVILIZATION GREEK CIVILIZATION | ROMAN CIVILIZATION | | | Geography: Greece comprise of Mediterranean countries. However, terrain is hilly countryside and were near water. Cities that were created around Mediterranean Sea are known as colonies. | Geography: Also Mediterranean countries; however, more inland, on one side Tiber River, Italic tribes did not have natural hilly borders. Around Naples there was fertile land and rich soil. It covered Italian peninsula where small villages were set around hills. | Economics: Main resource was agriculture. Produced enough wheat for own survival; but, bad agricultural practices showed the in-capabilities of Greeks. Wine and olive oil were chief imports. They thought themselves more superior and considered some work as degrading to them. Greek paid less attention on technology. Due to having slaves, many hardest tasks were done by the cheap labor-slaves. | Economics: Romans also were involved in farming; however, were imported most of their wheat. Trading helped their economy. They exported wine and olive oil. Romans...
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...EARLY CIVILIZATIONS MATRIX CIVILIZATION | politics | society/ economics | technology | art | music | architecture | philosophy | literature | Prehistoric | Families and Clans were important | Hunter/GatherSocietyHealer/Nurturers | Stone Tools | Cave paintingsDecorated pottery | Drumming | Stonehenge | animism | hieroglyphs | Mesopotamian | Social classesKings | AgriculturalReligious beliefs in gods that are not nature itselfWritten Law | Multiplication tables | Ziggurat | Found musical instruments in royal burial sites | pyramids | Search for immortality | Epic | Ancient Egyptian | 1st pharaoh, Narmer (Menes) | Theocratic socialism | SundialWater clockGlass is produced | Created to replicate the living world | Hymns were chantedHarps, pipes, Sistrums | Great Pyramid of Gizeh | cosmology | Papyrus rolls | Archaic Greek | democracy | City-statesThe Olympic games | Theory of the solar eclipse | Fresco | Ballads of war | Palace of Minos, | AristotleNaturalistsPlatoethics | allegory | CIVILIZATION | politics | society/ economics | technology | art | music | architecture | philosophy | literature | Aegean | Aitolian koinon | | | | | | | | Classical Greek | Alexander the Great | Humanism | Steel is produced | Realistic and stayed true to nature | Ode, museKitharalyre | The Parthenon | Socrates | | Hellenistic | Alexandria | Urbanismtrade | Catapultastronomy | Kritios BoyFriezesNude sculptures | Seikolos songSappho | GableMetopetholos | Skepticism, cynicism...
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...Topics in Cultural Studies AIU Online Abstract In this chart we will list different distinctions between the Greeks and the Romans, we will look at the government, geographical, economy and trade practices between the Greeks and the Romans civilization. Descriptions | Greek | Roman | Government | Originally it was kings that ruled Greece; the majority of Greek states were governed by groups of rich land owners called oligarchy, and then democracy which allowed voting by the citizens. This democracy was representative form of government. People voted for a small group of citizens to make the rule and laws for everyone. | Kings originally governed Rome. Then Rome became a republic whose key political players were often of noble blood were part of the Senate and the Assembly. | Geography | Greece and Rome were both Mediterranean countries. Greece was divided into many small areas called city-states. Since the land was mountainous, cities and states were separated from each other, and it was very difficult to travel from one to another. | Rome and Greece were both Mediterranean countries. Rome was inland and did not have the natural hilly borders to keep intruders out. | Economy | The main economy of Greece was based on agriculture. The Greeks mainly lived on self-sufficient wheat producing farms. | The economy of Rome was based on agriculture. The Romans imported their wheat and annexed provinces that could provide them with this crop. The Romans also traded a lot...
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...Unit 1 Introduction to Humanities Individual Project Tenisha Greene HUMA215-1101B- AIU Online Instructor Marek McKenna, MA August 25, 2012 Differences and Similarities Early Greece Early Rome |The Greeks were responsible for various temples and such sculptures as the Parthenon, the temple at| |The Roman empire built some of the grandest structure amongst all other early civilizations. | |Hephaestus, and the concert hall Odeon. The three architectural styles the Greeks used to build | |The Romans built aqueducts, the amphitheaters, the coliseum, walls, temples, cathedrals, | |structures were Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. These styles were used to create palaces, sculptures,| |tombs, sculptures, pottery, and clay terra cotta statues. The Romans specialized in arched | |art, and jewelry. During the archaic times the Greek culture made grade stride with their | |entrances and columns. The three architectural styles the Romans used to build structures | |sculptures, pottery and clay terra cotta statues. | |were Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. | | | ...
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...Renaissance art periods are two of the most important and celebrated art periods in our history. The two periods were alike in many ways with only a few differences setting them apart. In the end, the Renaissance was a “rebirth” of the Classical art style, architecture and beliefs. The Classical period was a time of spectacular architecture, philosophical pondering, and human development; taking place between 500 – 323 BC, Ancient Greece enjoyed wealth and power. The arts, literature, and drama thrived. The Classical Period made world changing discoveries in medicine, mathematics, physics, and astronomy. The city of Athens, one of the most powerful and influential cities in the Classical period introduced the world to Democracy and has shaped today’s western governments. Some of the philosophers of the Classical Period have become the most well known philosophers know to man today and have had influence on Western thought and civilization. To this day the teachings of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle are still pondered today. Classical art focused mainly on five forms: architecture, sculpture, pottery, painting, and music. Ancient Greece was dominated by religion. This resulted in the temples being big and beautiful. The Classical period brought change in the style of sculptures. The Greeks believed in humanism and their art displayed this. The Greeks took great pride in the importance of the individual in society in the forms of art, philosophy and government. The Greek artists...
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...Greek Cultures Government Geographical Terrain Economics and Trade Practices Art and Architecture Philosophical and Religious Beliefs City-states • Largest: Athens (Sayre, 2013) • Ruled by Democracy (Sayre, 2013) Three Social Classes: • Upper class (Sayre, 2013) • Middle class (Sayre, 2013) • Lower class (Sayre, 2013) Greek Islands were in the Southeastern corner of Europe, and were divided into two peninsulas (Ancient Greece Geography, 2012). Mountainous terrain and rugged coastlines, which offered good protection, but made it difficult for communication and trading (Ancient Greece Geography, 2012). Greeks attempted sophisticated economic analysis. They made and traded in both local and long distances, and had money to do so (Sayre, 2013). Because of the mountainous terrain, city-states used trade by sea (Sayre, 2013). The economy was focused on importing goods due to poor soil quality (Sayre, 2013). In 6th Century B.C, commerce and craftsmanship were developed (Sayre, 2013). Because the lives of the Greeks were dominated by their religion, their temples were by far the largest and prettiest (Sayre, 2013). The Greeks made three individual architectural systems, which were called orders, and each one had its own unique size and detailing (Sayre, 2013). Three orders: • Doric • Ionic • Corinthian This Parthenon belongs to the Greek goddess of wisdom, Athena Parthenos, and belongs to the Doric order (Sayre, 2013). This...
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...By Crystal Grant The Greek and the Romans inspired each other but they also have their share of differences. From the Greek architecture who inspired Roman architecture, created the known genre that is called classical architecture. ANCIENT GREEK | ANCIENT ROMANS | Typically built with mud, wood, plaster and stone | Construct their temples with marble or limestone | Began their histories as city-states. | Began their histories as city-states. | Their religious practices concerned their gods and heroes | Their religion was formed into rituals and ceremonies and the cults of the Roman emperors | Ancient Greece was the most advanced economy in the world | The city of Rome was the largest megalopolis of that time | Seminal culture which provided the foundation of Western culture. | Its transportation technology was very efficient | The domination of politics and concomitant aggregation of wealth by small groups of families was apt to cause social unrest in many | Is the seat of the Italian Government | | | So one difference is that Greek culture was exceedingly older than Roman culture. Never, ever consider ancient Greece and Rome as being the same, for they were not and those are only some of the differences--you know I can't type all day! They were exceedingly different cultures adopting from one another, but no civilization is original. The Greeks, in fact, adopted from the Egyptians and one can see in their early art the similarity quite clearly...
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...Greeks and Romans HUM 100 August 2nd, 2011 Greeks and Romans Greeks and Romans The Greeks and Romans are two civilizations that are constantly compared thought out history. People tend to compare their beliefs, views on life, politics, religion just to name a few. The Greeks and Romans were two very powerful entities throughout history. Rich in history, science and the arts. One constant comparison between the Greeks and Romans are their gods. Although they each have different names for their gods, they are quite similar. Greeks views on the individual or the individual and society were that they understood themselves to belong to a common Greek genos their first and foremost loyalty was to their city and country and didn’t see anything wrong with fighting with other Greek city states. The most famous of these was the Peloponnesian war. Which was a civil war between Sparta and Athens. Many variations of this great civil war have been told. From history books to movies, cartoons and children’s storybooks. Through these movies, cartoons and children’s story books gods and heroes have been highlighted and praised. Same way the Greeks praised their gods and heroes. This was called the Heroic Age. Some scholars believe that certain Greek heroes and gods were based on a real men and women living in that time. One hero that stands out would be Hercules. Throughout his complicated mythology perhaps Hercules really existed as a chieftain of the kingdom...
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...the rise of the classical Greek culture, it is known that two related civilizations preceded Hellenic Greece: the Minoan and Mycenaean (was also known as the early Aegean civilizations). The Minoan or Cretan were the oldest non-Greek civilization that had an influence on mainland Greece. The Minoan society lasted about 1,350 years, from 2600-1250 B.C., and reached its peak during the period from 1700 to 1450 B.C. The center of Minoan civilization had brilliant palaces as evident by the kings wealth and power. Inside the palaces, there were workshops that produced daggers, pottery, and decorated silver vessels. The Minoan’s were also a peaceful civilization, and had no defensive walls to protect themselves. Because they had no fortifications,...
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