...The history of human resource management Written by Jodonna Green In the 1700s , the Industrial Revolution started in England that brought a transformation in the practices of production. The machine-made goods replaced hand-made goods, large factories replace cottage industries, and small-scale replaced large-scale production. The US economy converted from agri-based to industry-based. This new system required an well-organized structure, and led to recruitment of a large number of immigrants. Employment were created for the immigrants, recruitment and management of individuals gained vitality. Managers were higher than the employees. This system created a gap between the labour force and the management. Social welfare approached in the early HRM helped the immigrants to get adjusted to their jobs and to 'American' way of life. The programs was assigned to ensured an increase in productivity. In the 1790s, employees empower considerably and increased at a quick pace .In the 1800s and 1900s the advent of Labour Union led HR department more capable in politics and diplomacy. HR department has management, labour unions, and Frederick W. Taylor's (1856-1915) theory of 'Scientific Management'. In 1902, National Cash Register was formed to handle employee grievances, record keeping, wage management and other employee-related functions. In 1913, the US Department of Labour promoted the welfare of employees. In 1920s and 30s, the impact of the Hawthorne studies enhanced the physical...
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...social and human dimension will appear and grow gradually in the organisation. Human Resource Management, also known as HRM, is the function we can find within the organisation that focuses on recruitment, management, and provide direction for the employees. Humans and the potential they process are really important, they drive an organisation. Without them, everything is falling apart. Human Resource Management works to ensure that employees are able to meet the organisation’s goals. “Human Resource Management is responsible for how people are treated in the organisation. It is responsible for bringing people into the organisation, helping them perform their work, compensating them for their labours, and solving problems that rise” (Cherrington, 1995, p5). Human Resource Management deals with ensuring that the employees display the highest level of efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of the organisational functions through providing the basic conditions of work to the employees to ensure achievements of the highest levels. It is difficult to define de HRM. Some people think that it is just a modern term for the personnel management, or that it’s a generic term for all management activities. They also can think that now the HRM is more for the companies than for the employees. It’s a vague and elusive concept and we can find different definitions and interpretation in the books about Human Resource Management. The place of the Human Resource Management differs for...
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...Question Research a Human Resource Information System (HRIS) software program, such as People Soft. (However, there are several other excellent programs that you can research that address a broad range of HR issues from recruiting to payroll.) Discuss the program's main attributes and how it interfaces with human resource information systems and strategic human resources planning Answer Human Resource Information System (HRIS) is the software and also the online solution for the purpose of data entry, data tracking, and also the data information needs of Human Resources, the payroll, the management, and also the accounting functions foe the business. It is generally packaged as the data base. There are various companies which sell the Human Resource Information System (HRIS) and every Human Resource Information System (HRIS) possess different capabilities. For choosing Human Resource Information System (HRIS) one should be careful based on capabilities as required by your company. Attributes of HarrisData Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) are: * It manages the information of the entire employee. * It is reporting and analysis of the employee information. * It maintains company related documents like employee handbook, the emergency evacuation procedures, and also the safety guidelines. * It provides the Benefits of administration which includes the enrollment, status changes, and the personal information updating. * It gives the complete integration...
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...The Shift from Personnel Management to Strategic Human Resource Management in Australia The management of people is ever-changing and extremely dynamic; it under goes sequential evolution with an organisations’ internal and external environments. Consequentially history has seen global Human Resource Management have considerable variation in its focus and practice. In Australia the history of Human Resource Management is said to have transformed over four stages; Pre 1940s Administration and welfare, 1940s – 1970s Personnel Management, 1970s – 2000 Human Resource Management (and, from about 1985, Strategic HRM) and the current era expected to be a mix of Strategic and International Human Resource Management. The transition from stage two to three was seen as a somewhat paramount movement in Human Resource Management as it harboured the link between Personnel Management and Strategic Management. This has become an extremely important concept in the management environment today. Human resource planning, recruitment, selection, performance appraisal and human resource development are five of the Human Resource processes which are vital to the success and of organisations and were influential during the transition between stages two and three of Human Resource Management history. These five dimensions were the catalysts of the forces that drove changes in Human Resource Management over the last quarter of the twentieth century. Human resource planning is the process by...
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...of shipments. In recent years, this company changed their services to offer other services besides express shipping. By FedEx expanding their services, it has helped their business grow in size now operating in eight different companies under the FedEx umbrella (History of FedEx, 2012). FedEx Express is the first overnight courier service that runs next day air service as wells as time-certain global service. FedEx Express controls the world’s largest domestic aircraft fleet, to include a large fleet of wide bodied domestic aircraft. This allows the company the capability of carrying more cargo shipments than any other airline or shipping company (History of FedEx, 2012). FedEx Ground assures day-confident delivery for Canada and the United States at a cost savings, when compared to the Express side of the company. They operate a huge fleet of vehicles that has independent owner and operators. These drivers are independent contractors that manage specific delivery routes and areas (History of FedEx, 2012). In addition to the two companies listed above, FedEx Corporation also has six other operating companies under its umbrella: FedEx Home delivery, FedEx Smart Post, FedEx Freight and FedEx Custom Critical (History of FedEx, 2012). These are subsidiary of FedEx Corporation, delivering packages and freight to more than 375 destinations in nearly every country each day. The main facility with its global "Super Hub" is located at Memphis International Airport....
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...History of Human Resource Management The history of Human Resources Management (HRM) principles can be traced back to the primitive time. Knowledge of hunting, gathering, safety, and health was recorded passed down from one generation to another. Between 1000 and 2000 B.C. more advanced HRM functions began to develop. In 1115 B.C., an early version of employee screening tests was being used by the Chinese. Ancient Greek and Babylonian civilizations, ages before medieval times, established the apprentice system, another example of early HRM (HRM, n.d., para.4). Over the years, HRM has been known by different names, “from personnel to industrial relations to employee relations to human resources” (HRM, n.d., para.5). Human resource by far is the best title given for managing your most valuable resource, humans. During the industrial revolution the need for an organized form of HRM emerged as the manufacturing process evolved from the cotton gin to the factory assembly lines. Companies in the United States developed new recruitment methods of attracting and retaining their best workers, as result of the economic shift from agricultural based to industrial based. As a result of the industrial revolution HRM were needed to help immigrants adapt to their new jobs and the American way of life (HRM, n.d., para.6). Immigration increased considerably between the 1880s and 1940s, resulting in a stable flow of low skill and low cost employees. Due to the language...
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...EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES AND HR MANAGEMENT. BENSON MWENDWA WAMBUA KENYATTA UNIVERSITY D241/OL/CTY/7935/2014 BBA 032: FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Abstract Introduction Human Resource Management is a business function, which manages, leads, facilitates and provides tools for the human capital management in the organization. HR sets strategic processes and procedures, runs difficult and complex communication campaigns as the organization attracts the best talents from the job market, retains them with the attractive compensation packages or it develops them in talent development programs. HR runs many processes, which are crucial for the modern organization. We cannot believe that the successful business could exist without the Recruitment and Staffing, Compensation and Benefits, Training and Development or the Leadership Development. However, in the past the companies did not use any of the HR value added processes. The story of Human Resources started as evidence of all employees. It dealt with issues and requests. Nothing more was expected to be delivered. The HR Management history is fascinating. The wars usually change the path of Human Resources in organizations and society. The evolution and background of HR Management It is a paradox of the human history that best things evolve. The history of the modern Human Resources Management is not a deviation from this general rule of the human history. However, the HRM background...
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...Global Journal of Human Resource Management Vol.3, No.3, pp.58-73, May 2015 Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) HISTORY, EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE Kipkemboi Jacob Rotich1, Moi University, School of Human Resource Development, Department of Development Studies, P.o Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya. ABSTRACT: Various attempts have been made towards tracing the historical development of the discipline of Human Resource Management (HRM). However, these initiatives have largely been concentrated on certain specific periods of time and experiences of specific countries and regions such as Australia, the USA, the UK and Asia (Nankervis et.al, 2011; Kelly, 2003; Ogier, 2003). This paper attempts to document the entire history of the discipline of Human Resource Management from a holistic perspective. The evolution and development of HRM will be traced right from the pre-historic times through to the postmodern world. Major characteristics in the evolution and development of HRM will also be examined and documented. KEYWORDS: Human Resource Management (HRM), evolution, history INTRODUCTION Defining Human Resource Management (HRM) According to Armstrong (2006) Human Resource Management (HRM) is defined as a strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization’s most valued assets – the people working there who individually and collectively...
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...JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY NAME; KIPTOO ABRAHAM KURGAT REG; HD211-4006/2011 COURSE; BPS UNIT; PRINCIPLES OF HRM YEAR; 1ST SEM 2 ASSIGN; HISTORY OF HRM LEC; MR MBITHI DATE ; 10TH JULY 2012 INTRODUCTION. This assignment traces the history of Human Resource Management from the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century to present times. The assignment discusses key periods and movements in this field and expands on their contribution to modern Human Resource Management. Human Resource Management can be described as "The comprehensive set of managerial activities and tasks concerned with developing and maintaining a qualified workforce - human resources - in ways that contribute to organisational effectiveness." (DeNisi and Griffin) A HISTORICAL REVIEW. The Industrial Revolution. The momentum for the industrial revolution grew through the 17th century. Agricultural methods were continually improving, creating surpluses that were used for trade. In addition, technical advances were also occurring, for example the Spinning Jenny and the Steam Engine. These advances created a need for improved work methods, productivity and quality that led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Adam Smith. In 1776, Adam Smith wrote about the economic advantages of the division of labour in his work The Wealth of Nations. Smith (1776) proposed that work could be made more efficient through specialisation and he suggested that work...
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...“Human resource is the most important asset of an organisation.” Human resource management (HRM) is an approach to the management of people, based on four fundamental principles. First, Human Resources (HR) are the most important assets an organisation has and their effective management is the key to its success. Second, this success is most likely to be achieved if the personnel policies and procedures of the enterprise are closely linked with, and make a major contribution to, the achievement of corporate objectives and strategic plans. Third, the corporate culture and the values, organisational climate and managerial behaviour that emanate from that culture will exert a major influence on the achievement of excellence. This culture must, therefore, be managed which means that organisational values may need to be changed or reinforced, and that continuous effort, starting from the top, will be required to get them accepted and acted upon. Finally, HRM is concerned with integration - getting all the members of the organisation involved and working together with a sense of common purpose. Human Resources describe the department of a business or company that basically focuses on the best interests of its employees. It is crucial to the success of any business to implement HR techniques to its day-to-day operations as a means of providing the best possible working atmosphere for employees and managers, and also protecting the best interests of the company and increasing productivity...
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...Human resource management consists of all the activities undertaken by an enterprise to ensure the effective utilization of employees toward the attainment of individual, group, and organizational goals. It consists of practices that help the organization to deal effectively with its people during the various phases of the employment cycle, including pre-hire, staffing, and post-hire. Human resource has a historical background since ancient times. Traditional HR it separate functions such as staffing, training and development, compensation, safety and health, and labor relations were created and placed under the direction of human resource manager or executive. Large firms might have had a manager and staff for each HR function that reported to the HR executive. The HR president worked closely with top management in formulating corporate policy. Today, HR tasks are often performed differently than they were even decade ago. “As more and more companies use alternative means to accomplish HR tasks, the role of traditional HR manager has changed. HR is now involved more in strategic HR, focusing more on the bottom line of organization and leaving the more administrative tasks to technology or others”, Mondy, R., & Mondy, J. (2012). Human Resource Management, page 39. It has reached its peak in approach and structured practices. There has been a vast change in the implementation compared to system followed at earlier days. Although field of HRM is a comparatively recent...
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...ERP Timeline Michael Benitez CMGT / 556 October 03, 2011 Jeffery Doolin Abstract According to Systems-ERP, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) “is the evolution of Manufacturing Requirements Planning (MRP) II. From business perspective, ERP has expanded from coordination of manufacturing processes to the integration of enterprise-wide backend processes. From technological aspect, ERP has evolved from legacy implementation to more flexible tiered client-server architecture” (History and Evolution of ERP). MRP’s contributions greatly impacted the modern business world as its concepts have been utilized to developed tools that will aid companies to cope with success. Although MRP is considered costly and requires a lot of man power but its benefits outweighed its disadvantages. Since man’s instinct is to move forward finding new ways to evolve same scenario happened with MRP solutions as new solutions was made to mimic and yet provides more benefits and flexibility, thus the birth of the evolved version of MRP II is ERP. According to Systems-ERP.com… (History and Evolution of ERP). ERP Timeline As time passes so as man’s ingenuity and innovation…throughout the year’s businessman, entrepreneurs, traders, business analyst and etc. are often struggling to find new ways to cope with the change of economy and its needs and to stay competitive amongst other companies. Those innovations that are called tools of the trade are often enhanced and/or sometimes replaced by new and...
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...Brief History of Human Resources and HR Management Human Resources is a business function, which manages, leads, facilitates and provides tools for the human capital management in the organization. HR sets strategic processes and procedures, runs difficult and complex communication campaigns as the organization attracts the best talents from the job market, retains them with the attractive compensation packages or it develops them in talent development programs. HR runs many processes, which are crucial for the modern organization. We cannot believe that the successful business could exist without the Recruitment and Staffing, Compensation and Benefits, Training and Development or the Leadership Development. However, in the past the companies did not use any of the HR value added processes. The story of Human Resources started as evidence of all employees. It dealt with issues and requests. Nothing more was expected to be delivered. The HR Management history is fascinating. The wars usually change the path of Human Resources in organizations and society. The history of Human Resourcesstarts to be interesting with the evolution of the large factories. It was in the 18th century. The rapid development of new industrial approach to work changed the world dramatically. The quick and cheap production became a priority for many industries. The factories hired thousands of workers, who worked up to 16 hours a day. Soon, many entrepreneurs discovered that satisfied employees are more...
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...Human Resource Management Is No More Than ‘Old Wine in New Bottles’. In: Business and Management Human Resource Management Is No More Than ‘Old Wine in New Bottles’. Human resource management is no more than ‘old wine in new bottles’. Discuss. ‘’HRM is regarded by some personnel managers as just a set of initials or old wine in new bottles. It could indeed be no more and no less than another name for PM ’’ ( Armstrong, 1987) First we have to understand the meaning of HRM, but attempts to define HRM precisely have resulted in confusion and contradiction rather than clarity [Price, 1997]. However, according to Storey (1989) Human resource management is a completely different philosophy and an approach contrast to Personnel management. In his view, HRM provides a completely new form of managing personnel and can therefore be regarded as departure from the orthodoxy of traditional personnel management. The normative models of personnel management shows that PM is about selecting, developing, rewarding, and directing employees in such a way that not only will they achieve satisfaction and ‘give of their best’ at work, but by so doing enable the employing organization to achieve its goals. When considering the definition of Human resource management and Personnel management, there are many differences on the perspectives of researchers. Legge (1989) reviewed the definition of a variety of writers. She could come to conclude that there are three features which seems to distinguish HRM...
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...Question 1 The case is about reorganizing human resource functions/devising a new human resource organization. Why do then the authors of the case discuss at length Sonoco’s history, culture and especially packaging industry. In reorganizing human resource functions, it is important to understand Sonoco’s history, culture and its packaging industry. Sonoco needs to analyze the company internally, including the aspect of mission, culture, human resource (HR), structure and processes prior to the planning and implementing process that related to reorganization. In the case study, the author has discussed the history and culture of Sonoco and the background of packaging industry in order to gain some ideas or information for the reorganization process. By analyzing and viewing the history and culture of Sonoco as a whole, the organization’s problems can be diagnosed and a new strategy of developing new human resource organization structure can be developed and implemented. As what have been said by Cindy Hartley, the senior vice president of HR at Sonoco, they had to decide what things that were remain the same across the company and what things needed to be changed while devising the new HR organization. Reviewing back to the history of Sonoco, it helps us to have a better understanding on what Sonoco has done in the past 100-year, whether it is right or wrong, maybe. So it could assist to learn from the past mistakes, avoid the same mistakes in the future and keep those good...
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