...(NHL) team twice, the Flames and Thrashers. Both teams relocated to Canada. This has happened in all of the major sports leagues. But, is a city or region necessarily dependent on these sports franchises to boost their economy? Has Atlanta’s economy declined since the Thrashers left? No. Also, let’s make sure that we don’t leave division one college football and basketball programs out of the discussion. Now, we’ll take a deeper look to see if college and professional sports teams make as big of an impact on their regions economy as we might think they do. The National Football League (NFL) is the biggest sporting draw in the United States. There is activity related to the NFL going on in fifteen cities around the United States on a Sunday at any given time during the season (30 teams play each other). Monday night is also a large draw for the NFL. Because of the massive attendance numbers and money that is spent on anything related to that game, the league provides cities around the country with continuous incoming revenue. According to USA Today’s Paul Wiseman, the NFL supports about 110,000 jobs in NFL cities, which include occupations like hotel workers and bartenders. Wiseman also says that the NFL adds over $5 billion to the economies where NFL franchises are located. As it seems, Wiseman...
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...with passion. Some professional football players believe that they are too good to not be paid the incredible amount that they already are given, and America’s economy is very much impacted by the NFL. The National Football League has given countless citizens jobs, including those that play professional football. It also provides amazing leaps socially in society along with the entertainment factor. Even though America’s society thoroughly enjoys watching professional football games, people hardly realize the impacts the National Football League has on the country. When the National Football league was beginning to morph into something huge, there was a great deal of other political, social, and economic situations taking place. Politically during the establishment of the NFL, amendments were being passed and conventions were being held. The president that held office during this time was Grover Cleveland. The Platt Amendment was being passed along with the happening of the Anglo-Boer War in the commencement of the new football league. Another political matter that was taking place was the reelection of President McKinley, nominated by the Republican Party. They used “Prosperity at Home, Prestige Abroad” as a platform, while “the full dinner pail” was their slogan. Socially, the United States was very minute before the NFL. There was not nearly as much gambling or entertainment before football went professional. There were no video games that represented any of the...
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...given, and America’s economy is strongly impacted by the NFL. The National Football League has given countless citizens jobs, including those that play professional football. It also provides amazing leaps socially in society along with the entertainment factor. Even though America’s society thoroughly enjoys watching professional football games, people hardly realize the impacts the National Football League has on the country. When the National Football league was beginning to morph into something huge, there was a great deal of other political, social, and economic situations taking place. Politically during the establishment of the NFL, amendments were being passed and conventions were being held. The president that held office during this time was Grover Cleveland. The Platt Amendment was being passed along with the happening of the Anglo-Boer War in the commencement of the new football league. Another political matter that was taking place was the reelection of President McKinley, nominated by the Republican Party. They used “Prosperity at Home, Prestige Abroad” as a platform, while “the full dinner pail” was their slogan. Socially, the United States was very minute before the NFL. There was not nearly as much gambling or entertainment before football went professional. There were no video games that represented any of the players on the field, nor were there any television channels that broadcasted the games. For the duration of the time that the NFL was created, the United...
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...interested in determining whether extending the regular season of the National Football League (NFL) would be agreeable to NFL players and fans. The problem exists because the NFL owners are pushing for a season extension, but also want to consider how this will impact the players. Surveys were distributed to collect data for this important topic. It was concluded that neither fans nor players want to extend the season, and it is hopeful that these results will be provided and taken into consideration before the owners make a final decision. More of the Same Game Every year professional football keeps lovers of the game on edge, as fans watch a 16-game regular-season in anticipation of the big finale, the Super Bowl Championship. The football schedule consists of four pre-season games and 16 regular-season games. Roger S. Goodell, Commissioner of the NFL, has proposed shortening the pre-season by two games, thereby extending the regular season from 16 games to 18. The proposal by the commissioner has caused controversy between the NFL and the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA). With an extended season, probabilities exist that players will sustain more injuries and share less of the revenues from the games. Regardless of the threat of a strike by the players, Goodell and the NFL plan to extend the regular season schedule beginning with the 2012 season. Will the NFL approve shortening pre-season by two games and extending the regular season by two games...
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...Economic Modeling, Not Just a Game; The Impact of Sports on the U.S. Economy (2013) http://www.economicmodeling.com/2013/07/09/not-just-a-game-the-impact-of-sports-on-u-s-economy/ Summary of article: Gwen burrow talked about the job growth created by the sports industry. The industry creates about 456,000 jobs that pay an average of $39,000. This is a lot of jobs that sports create. Credibility: Gwen Burrow, is a writer for Economic modeling. Economic Modeling is a data company who helps organizations connect better with people. Relevance: In this scenario, they have captured necessary data to understand how sports benefits the economy. The data they found is the amount of jobs are created because of sports. * Angelo Spaminato, World Stadiums, Past and Future (2016) http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_menu/past_future/future_stadiums.shtml Summary of article: This website has a list of every sports stadium in the world. It has information on stadiums that are already in use, being built, and announced. Currently there are 9 stadiums being built or announced in America. Credibility: World Stadiums is the most comprehensive website on the internet about sports stadiums in the Unites States. Relevance: According to World Stadiums, currently, there are 9 stadiums in America either announced or currently being built. This is relevant because it adds to my point that sports industry creates job growth. * NFL Players Association, Average time length...
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...Sports Marketing Plan Richard Fernandez SPM/250 05/12/2012 Michael Kennedy Sports Marketing Plan The Houston Texans are an organization in the NFL that is continuously trying to improve and draw more fans. The Texans have seen their winning percentage increase in each of the last couple of years and want to continue to see that happen. Part of the Texans success comes from the fans that support the organization through both good and bad times. The Texans mission statement has changed over the years but it now states that their goal is to be the most valuable franchise in the NFL. The Texans have no problem selling out games, but they do have one measurable goal. Their goal has remained the same for the past couple of years and that is to reach the postseason. The Texans know that in order to reach their mission statement they must eliminate some in state competition known as the Dallas Cowboys. The Houston Texans have a historical trend of not making the playoffs and having the majority of the state express themselves as Dallas Cowboy fans. The internal contingencies that affect the Texans are simply the organizational leadership. These individuals affect the organization because they are the ones that make the decisions that can directly affect the interest of fans. The major external contingency that the Texans have to deal with is the amount of media attention given to the Cowboys versus that given to them. Part of this is probably because the Cowboys have had more...
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...Boycotting The NFL, An Immature Response to the NFL and its Mishandling of Players Associated With Domestic Violence Domestic violence riles up adamant feelings of loathe and righteous anger inside the hearts of Americans all over the United States. It’s a topic that headlines news channels, papers, and radio stations everywhere, especially when it involves high profile people constantly in the public eye like congressmen, actors, or more recently, former NFL and Raven’s running back Ray Rice. I’m sure that by now you have seen or at least heard of the recent events involving former NFL and Raven’s running back Ray Rice and his then fiancé Janay Palmer. “On February 15, 2014, Rice and Palmer were both arrested and charged with simple assault following an altercation where Rice attempted to cause bodily injury to J. Palmer, specifically by striking her with his hand, rendering her unconscious. A few days later on February 19, 2014, TMZ Sports released a video of Rice dragging Palmer, who looked to be unconscious, out of an elevator. The surveillance footage provided visual record of the aftermath. On July 24, 2014 the NFL suspends Ray Rice for two games without pay and fined him $58,000”(Time). The other day in my college English class this topic thrust its way into our midst. The alarming news of this terrible domestic violence incident alone seemed enough to invoke rage and abhorrent from our general public, however, the reaction to the NFL’s response in this incident proved...
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...payroll spending that might otherwise not be accomplished, preventing large market teams from controlling the allocation of high-priced free agents (Kesenne, 2006). Television rights and licensing agreements play a huge role in revenue sharing. The National Football League and CBS created a revenue sharing model that included televising all regular season games for an annual fee of $4.65 million and by 2014 the NFL earned a share of $4.9 billion (Stone, 2015). Often times, the media exploits financial figures that are included within the revenue sharing agreement. The National Football League teams share more than sixty one percent of total revenues generated by the league which lends itself to good business. The NFL also shares ticket and merchandise revenues with all teams except for the Dallas Cowboys which keeps revenue generated from merchandise sales and does not receive any from the other thirty-one teams (Kesenne, 2006). Each of the NFL franchises retain suite, club seating and sponsor revenues from naming rights and other properties. In 2014, the NFL generated $10 billion in revenue and is projected to generate up to $25 billion in 2025 (Stone, 2015). Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA) share national TV revenues; however, each team keeps most of its local media, gate receipts, sponsorship and marketing rights. In MLB, thirty four percent of net local revenue is retained while the rest was distributed...
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...Bills The Buffalo Bills, an American football team, were founded in 1960 when Ralph Wilson Jr. bought the Buffalo Niagras and renamed the team after the famous Wild West circus performer “Buffalo Bill.” They then joined the American Football League, or AFL, which was thought to be inferior to the National Football League, or NFL. Since that time the Buffalo Bills have become a very important part of the economy in Buffalo. Headquartered in Buffalo, it is one of the few prospering businesses in Buffalo which ranked in as the no. 8 most miserable city in the United States, according to Forbes magazine. To the people of Buffalo, the Bills represent much more than an economic impact, but have become the only thing that these miserable people have to look forward to every year. Unfortunately for them, the bills have also been ranked by the NFL network as one of the top 10 “snake bitten” franchises and experienced an incredible amount of bad luck and struggle throughout their history. The Bills got off to a slow start in their inaugural season finishing with a below .500 record and getting the less than spectacular distinction of being the only NFL team to lose to a Canadian Football team when they lost to the Hamilton Tiger Cats. In an attempt to change their fortunes they acquired San-Diego’s star quarterback, Jack Kemp, off waivers, and they drafted Syracuse Stand out and Heisman winner Ernie Davis. However, the bad luck of the bills continued when Davis opted out of the...
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...The city of Los Angeles has been without an NFL team since 1994 when both the Rams moved to St Louis and the Raiders relocated to Oakland. It has been proposed that a new stadium should be built to help attract teams that to come back to one of the biggest U.S. city’s without an NFL league franchise. In past years L.A. has been one of the largest media market in the country. With L.A. being second to none as the media capital, why not bring “Sports Entertainment” back to the city of angels. Los Angeles did just that when they decided and took a major step toward building a downtown stadium to lure an NFL team back to the nation's second-most populous city, despite questions about how a 72,000-seat venue in the urban core would impact notorious freeway traffic, nearby housing prices and air quality. Last fall the city council unanimously voted for a new stadium to be constructed in the heart of downtown. The construction of the new stadium comes with its benefits for the debt ridden city. Developers for AEG submitted and won a contract to complete the construction for Farmers Field for 2016. In the past when new stadiums were built much of the renovation and construction were subsidized which in turn leads to a great economic impact. Realistically, employment, visitor spending, public spending and revenue are the benefits that the city wants to bring into play. But one factor that has been overlooked for city great city is that some feel how this new stadium will benefit...
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...Should the NFL Expand into Mexico? The NFL generates roughly $9.2 billion in revenue each year (Boudway 2014), but like most American companies it must find a way to expand its brand internationally. All thirty two of the NFL’s teams currently operate within the United States, though three games a year are played at Wembley Stadium in London, UK. Expanding football globally presents a challenge to the NFL because the game is not widely played throughout the world. While its television contracts of $7 million per year (Kottasova 2014) remain the world’s most lucrative, interest and participation outside the United States is much smaller than other sports. While it is agreed upon that the NFL needs to expand globally to continue to grow its business, they are presented with several options as to how to accomplish this. The current arrangement of playing several games a year overseas has been in place since 2007, and the NFL seems content to continue this practice. Some believe that the NFL ultimately wants to permanently move a franchise to a foreign country, with London, Toronto, and Mexico City being discussed as potential destinations. Despite last playing a game in Mexico City in 2005, the city presents an intriguing variety of opportunities and threats to the NFL. I believe that these threats outweigh the opportunities and the NFL should look into alternative strategies to capitalize on the growth of the Hispanic market. Like many American companies, the NFL would be...
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...Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….…6 Definition of Ethics Business Ethics and Individual Ethics: Is There a Difference?…………………….…..7 Virtue Ethics…………………………………………………………………………............9 Practical Wisdom……………………………………………………………….14 Eudaimonia……………………………………………………………………...15 Kantian Ethics……………………………………………………………………16 Ethical Egoism…………………………………………………………………………….....18 Consequentialist Ethics.……………………………………………………………………..21 Chapter Two: Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction 27 Corporate Social Responsibility 27 Summary 34 Chapter Three: The National Football League’s Blackout Policy is Unethical Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….…35 The History of the NFL Blackout Policy: The Legal Test…………………………………..37 The Economic Test: Do Blackouts Have a Positive Economic Benefit?...............................39 The Philanthropic Test……………………………………………………………………….43 The Ethics Test………………………………………………………………………………47 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………..51 Chapter Four: Effective Communication Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….....50 Effective Communication Defined………………………………………………………..…50 This Student’s Display of Effective Communication…………………………………….....51 Written Communication……………………………………………………………….…51 Verbal Communication……………………………………………………………….…53 Electronic Communication……………………………………………………………....53 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………..61 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………62 ...
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...1. Title of Speech: “Athletes Salaries’. Are They Justified?” 2. Speaker Role/Audience: Student/An Athletic Board 3. Specific Purpose of Speech: To convince my audience that athletes’ salaries are not justified. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Brief Introduction and History of Topic: $90 million, $80 million. That adds up to a lot of money. Imagine how many mouths you could feed or how many kids could go to college with that money. Unfortunately, $90 million is the contract Nike gave Lebron James before he even touched an NBA basketball. $80 million was his contract extension in 2006 (USA Today). During the Great Depression of the 1930s, the biggest news in pro sports was Babe Ruth's contract, which paid him $75,000 per year, more than the President of the United States. (Show me the money!) According to the Seattle Times, when confronted about making more than the president, Ruth famously replied “Why Not? I had a better year than him.” Now even the lowest paid pro athletes earn almost as much as the President, who makes $400,000 a year. Later, in 1964, the Saint Louis Cardinals and the New York Jets got in a bidding war over Alabama quarterback, Joe Namath. The Jets came out on top, showing Namath a pretty decent deal. According to Harvey Frommer, sports author, Namath was “signed to a four-year contract at $25,000 per season, plus a $200,000 bonus. Scouting jobs...
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...Table of Contents Future of League Drafts and Age Entry…………………………………….4 Changes in drug testing policies in professional sports…………….7 League Finances……………………………………………………………………..9 Player Safety…………………………………………………………………………..11 ABSTRACT Professional sports are leagues that are made for the best of the best athletes in sports. Once a player leaves the collegiate level of sports and moves into the professional level, he is now competing every day for his job. Owners try hard to build their team from the ground up. When a team is struggling, owners try to find new solutions to bring in team revenue and on the other hand when a team is successful owners try hard to keep players by offering large contracts that they can afford. To keep order on teams, leagues have strict drug testing policy that keeps players healthy and allows the playing field to be fair. Leagues make changes for the better of the players and the fans. In order to market effectively leagues do what it takes to allow more access to the fans by using technology. Commissioners take notice on feedback from players and fans in order to make the sport safer to play and fun to watch. When watching a professional sports game, we do not see the orchestrating job of the league commissioner, team owners, and players. From players entering the league at a young age from college, they need to be ready to compete for their position and take in all the rules the league hand out. Super star players carry...
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...Running head: THE IMPACT OFWESTERN SPORTS 1 The Impact of Western Sports to Chinese Traditional Sports Lyon (Yanqing, Huang) Northeastern University THE IMPACT OFWESTERN SPORTS 2 Abstract With the advent of the globalization era, the conflict in different cultural exchange becomes prominent, especially the difference between Chinese and western sports culture. The difference is largely due to the different historical and cultural background. Each of them has made a sense to the development of its own society and influenced our understanding of sports and main sport activities in the wide world. What's more, because of the impact western sport, Chinese traditional sport has changed a lot compared with last century. THE IMPACT OFWESTERN SPORTS 3 The General With the advent of the globalization era, the conflict in different cultural exchange becomes prominent, especially the difference between Chinese and western sports culture. The difference is largely due to the different historical and cultural background. Each of them has made a sense to the development of its own society and influenced our understanding of sports and main sport activities in the wide world. What's more, because of the impact western sport, Chinese traditional sport has changed a lot compared with last century...
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