...When we talk about ethical journalism we talk about why substantial information should be made accessible to the public. As journalists we can be caught in a dilemma, what to publish? and what not to publish? In order for us to solve this frustrating but educated instinct of conscientious altitude to name and shame justice in the angle of public interest, we are given the potter box model. Given the precise case study, "the decision to pursue and publish the Megan's law story,'' there are empirical information, principles,values and loyalties all distinguished in this model. First and foremost, there in the questioning of the facts like in the study of sociology where data must be scientifically examine before a theory is constructed. Similarly to journalism where the facts must be associated with matters of the truth much in relevance with the justice system. The publishing of Megan's Law database could have been an offence of character defamation on the part of the sex offenders had it not been supported by solid ground facts. This could have led to a law suite considering if the information was not empirical....
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...Agricultural Journalism Definition-principles-Purpose- Importance & Functions Farm / Agricultural Journalism In the era of knowledge, intensive agriculture farmers need timely and local specific information about their farm practices. Farm journalism can play very crucial role in collection, processing and dissemination of information according to need of the farmers. The farm journalism should be based on scientific research and should be timely, local specific and according to needs of farmers. Concept of Farm Journalism A journal was originally an account of daily events. The word “joun” means day. The habit of keeping diaries or daily account gradually led to the evolution of the word journalism. It may also mean the editorial or business management of an agency engaged in the collection and dissemination of news. Journalism is a systematic process of gathering, writing, interpreting, processing and disseminating public opinion, public information and public entertainment for publication in newspaper, magazines and broadcast (Wolsley, 1969). Farm journalism may be defined as the collection and processing of facts, converting into local specific and need based and dissemination of timely information to the farmers by different methods of communication. Agricultural journalism is a specialized branch of Journalism which deals with the techniques of receiving, writing, editing and reporting farm information through the media like newspapers, periodicals...
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...Because public relations has roots in journalism and many of its practitioners were once journalists, there is an unfortunate tendency to apply journalism standards to public relations. It is, however, misguided and unfair to both professions. Despite using similar skills, the two fields are fundamentally different and seek different ends. Their ethical standards are also very different. That should not be interpretted as meaning that one of them is better than or worse than the other; they're just different, and it is important to understand those differences. PR and journalism have some similarities, but . . . The Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), and the International Association of Business Communicators (IABC) ethical guidelines all agree about the importance and value of such key concepts as truth, accuracy, fairness, human rights, freedom of speech, and democratic principles. But, that can be somewhat misleading. The underlying differences between public relations and journalism are far more basic and far more critical than these similarities in what they value. According to their own professional codes and standards, there are fundamental differences in whom they represent and whose well-being they most directly serve. DIFFERENCES!!! Journalism serves the general public, and journalists are expected to act in the public's best interests even if such actions have detrimental effects on their employers. ...
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...between thought and reality’ (Heidegger, 1943:1) Objectivity is not the same as impartiality or fairness or balance although all these words are often used as if they were interchangeable. Impartiality means acting fairly because you are not personally involved or have put to one side your personal views or feelings. The elimination of bias. Fairness means acting in a reasonable, just or right way. Balance means arranging things in equal or correct proportions to one another. But objectivity is different. Objectivity means based on facts or evidence, not feelings or opinion. Objectivity requires evidence and verification. It's more than just attempting to be neutral. (Richard Sambrook, 2004) Key Words: Objectivity, Journalism, Facts, Truths, Journalistic Values Putting facts and truths together One of the most troublesome aspects of the debates around objectivity and facts in the way that the concept of object is given a dual role: that of a view of the world, but also a way of representing and communicating truths. This gesture treats the word “objectivity” as short-hand for “objective reality” as well as a mode or method of perception of this reality. This fusion of reality and perception narrows the space between facts and truths. It closes down a very important philosophical area that has been explored by many movement and...
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...In an analysis published in the Columbia Journalism Review, Alex T. Williams, Ph.D. at University of Pennsylvania addresses the question of why there are so few minorities in mainstream media. The article suggests that the reasons for the lack of minorities in broadcast journalism careers are not solely due to a lack of minorities pursuing journalism degrees (White, 2015). According to studies from the American Society of News Editors, the Women’s Media Center and the advocacy group VIDA Women in Literary Arts, gender and racial diversity in newsrooms have scarcely improved in the last decade despite an increasing demand for more inclusive journalism in the current round-the-clock news cycle” (Abbady, 2017). The 2018 Status of Women in the U.S. Media study, by the Women’s Media Center, has seen an increase from 11.1% to 12.6% in 2017 in the number of women of color as local television news staff (Gonzalez-Ramirez, 2018). As for people of color, they make up 38.7% of the U.S. population and women make up 50.8% according to the U.S. Census Bureau (Gonzalez-Ramirez, 2018). These percentages...
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...Jonna C. Regondola AB Journalism -1A Factors Affecting the Students pursuing Journalism and Media Studies The development and progress of human society always brings about new situations, creates new professions and changes the nature of the ones that exist already. One of the occupations that have recently undergone rather drastic changes is that of a journalist1. A good journalist is not the one that writes what people say, but the one that writes what he is supposed to write. Journalism is not an easy task it is not just about writing and broadcasting of what is the happening in our society. Journalist is not all about of what they saw, it uses passion and to know exactly the reality behind the topic. It is said that journalists embody the freedom of information and now the world is a hectic mess today. News is happening all around us, and the only source that acts as a filter between the chaos and ourselves is the media. The media, journalists especially, must hold upon themselves a great responsibility when they are acting as this filtering apparatus between the ordered and unordered. But is that the only thing journalism does: make sense of the news? No, it does much more than that. Good journalism is working, with help from the citizenry, to create an enlightened Republic filled with citizens who will be well informed of the events which intersect their lives2. Also journalism degree is not just a useless piece of paper, no matter...
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...Affecting the Students pursuing Journalism and Media Studies The development and progress of human society always brings about new situations, creates new professions and changes the nature of the ones that exist already. One of the occupations that have recently undergone rather drastic changes is that of a journalist1. A good journalist is not the one that writes what people say, but the one that writes what he is supposed to write. Journalism is not an easy task it is not just about writing and broadcasting of what is the happening in our society. Journalist is not all about of what they saw, it uses passion and to know exactly the reality behind the topic. It is said that journalists embody the freedom of information and now the world is a hectic mess today. News is happening all around us, and the only source that acts as a filter between the chaos and ourselves is the media. The media, journalists especially, must hold upon themselves a great responsibility when they are acting as this filtering apparatus between the ordered and unordered. But is that the only thing journalism does: make sense of the news? No, it does much more than that. Good journalism is working, with help from the citizenry, to create an enlightened Republic filled with citizens who will be well informed of the events which intersect their lives2. Also journalism degree is not just a useless piece of paper, no matter what many have heard, we should care about journalism because its central to democracy...
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...Smith !1 Tristan Smith Mrs. McClain Introduction to Journalism 11 September 2014 Journalism History: Importance and Necessary Aspects ! Growing up, many children had parents that read the newspaper. Even in countless television shows or movies, every morning at the breakfast table the father sat, drinking his coffee and reading his newspaper. It’s not an uncommon sight--in fact, according to stateofthemedia.org, over 56 million papers are sold daily (“Audience”)—though few people are familiar with how newspapers began, the important events that occurred, or the inventions that were created that make them what they are today. Though there are many important factors to consider, the three most important aspects of the history of journalism include the Zenger Trial, the invention of the telegraph, and the introduction of photojournalism. Primarily, the first essential component in the growth of journalism would be the Zenger Trial. The trial was of John Peter Zenger, who was accused of libel in an article he had published. At his time, however, published information was considered libel if it went against the government. Zenger was proven not guilty, and after the trial, newspaper publishers “felt freer to print their honest views” (“The Trial of John Peter Zenger”). This trial is important because it proved that citizens had a right to criticize the government, which is something newspapers still continue to do today. Without this, the public would not be...
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...2.1.1. Introduction of Key Definitions and Concepts According to KOTHARI, C.R., (2014) explain the aim of the Literature Reviews as ‘The basic outcome of this review will be the knowledge as to what data and other materials are available for operational purposes which will enable the researcher to specify his own research problem in a meaningful context” This brief review of the literature provides an overview of the research focuses on the study on how far social media affects the mainstream media journalism ethical principles which include truth, fairness, balance, objectivism and accuracy as a key elements of professionalism and how the journalist used social media in their dail activities. Aim of reviewing literature...
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...live in a perfect world. We live in a world where gossip passes for news, and sensationalism passes for journalism” (Bernhardt, Naked Justice). This quote shows that not because the media publishes something does it mean that it is important or relevant to current events since the media manipulates and publishes what it wants for selfish purposes. The media is also a business, and like any business, its goal is to make profits, and sometimes it uses questionable tactics to do it, for instance, publishing inappropriate content, intentionally omitting facts, and including insignificant and irrelevant information. There are situations in which the media publishes obscene, harmful, vulgar, and offensive...
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...Consider the extent to which, across different markets, newspapers are experiencing ‘crisis’, and the nature of that crisis. Should this also be seen as a crisis for journalism and democracy more broadly? Evolving from announcement bulletins in ancient Rome to partisan papers in early nineteenth century and to the neutral papers in mid 1980s with a circulation of 62.5 million (NAA, 2009), newspaper bred journalism and upheld public sphere. However, recent decades witnessed large job cutting and numerous shutting down in newspaper industry. It remains debatable that whether the shockwave would spread to the entire journalism as a profession and to democracy which newspapers have always claimed to serve. This essay is going argue that the crisis confronted by newspapers does not necessarily entail a declining of journalism since democracy is carried out in a multidimensional way in new media environment. This essay will firstly look at the manifestation of the crisis confronted by newspaper industry in recent decades, the structural change it brought, and the nature of the crisis. After that, this essay would look at how the crisis encountered by the industry transformed journalistic practices and argues that journalism still has the capacity to carry out its civil function. Newspapers industry have been experiencing the decline of market share and revenue margin since the late twentieth century across markets such as U.S., UK, European, and Australia. (Beecher, 2005; Carson...
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... A uthors: Deb Halpern Wenger University of Mississippi 129 Farley Hall University, MS 38677 drwenger@olemiss.edu Lynn C. Owens Department of Communications Peace College Kristine Trever School of Mass Communications Point Park University H E L P W A NT E D 2010: An examination of new media skills required by top U.S. news companies Debora W enger, L ynn C . Owens, K ristine T rever Determining the skills needed for employment and success in the journalism profession has never been more important. In a period of severe economic stress, journalism companies continue to hire staff, but at much reduced levels and amid vast layoffs, particularly within the print industry. Against this backdrop, this paper explores the impact of technological and economic change on the hiring practices of American news media organizations. A content analysis was conducted over a period of three months in 2008 and 2009 for all the employment opportunities posted by the top ten newspaper and broadcast journalism companies in the United States. Each year, more than 700 postings were coded to determine the most desirable skills and attributes for job candidates and the amount of emphasis placed on multimedia expertise. The study also relied on interviews with recruiters for these companies who share their own views on what makes a desirable job candidate and reflect on some of the study’s findings. The paper argues that these job postings reflect an entire industry in transition...
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...Journalism is an important tool in today’s society in its role to keep the populace informed of issues and events through the news. The Concise Oxford Dictionary describes the journalist as “one whose business it is to edit, or write for a journal, especially a newspaper.” Catherine Dean, Lecturer at Strathmore University states “journalism is understood in broader terms, to refer to the art of communicating, transmitting facts, events, information,opinions and so on to the general public, using any of the wide variety of means for communication that exist in our society today.” (Dean, 2006, p. 3) News should be “new, interesting and relevant.” (Maxwell, 2000, p. 36) . It should therefore have objectivity in its presentation. To be objective is defined by the Oxford Online Dictionary as “not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in representing facts.” However since this cannot be done, as we all have our biases and perceptions, a journalist in his pursuit of professionalism must be present a balanced and fair presentation of the news. To be fair as defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary is to be “consonant with merit and importance.” This means that one must show consistency in his or her presentation of work. Former Curator of The Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard, Bill Kovach defines of fairness in journalism as “… more than objectivity. It includes honest and balanced judgments in reporting, writing, editing and presentation of news.” So in order to be...
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...Sarah Abuisnaineh ALP 10, Hour 4 Ms.Greenspan 10/23/12 History affects our world “Our ignorance of the past is not the result of a lack of information, but of information, but of indifference. We do not believe that history matters,” (Crabtree.) When studying history, the idea is not just learning about dates and people of the past, but using the knowledge learned and comparing events, understanding others backgrounds, and learning from previous mistakes made. The study of history in the school curriculum receives importance because it develops the skill to assess evidence, understand the background of the older generations, and gives students experience in assessing past examples of change. Studying history refines students’ assessment skills; it helps build experience in interpreting the actions and statement of past leaders in comparison to those in our present time. Consider the presidential elections. When people want to choose a new leader, they look at the past elections and see if the words of the candidates are being repeated. According to Peter Stearns, “learning how to combine different kinds of evidence allows one to develop the ability to coherent arguments based on a variety of data (Stearns, 2008).” Students that inspect the Iraq war should use the Vietnam War as a reference because it allows one to reflect, leading to an argument from the events. The war in Iraq started on March 3, 2003, when President Bush announced “the possibility of Saddam Hussein acquiring...
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...interactive dimensions of journalism Anthony Smith The newspaper and the novel were the first cultural forms to emerge directly from printing; they were both essentially publishing phenomena and developed in England in the aftermath of the expiration in 1695 of the Licensing Act when printers, no longer limited in numbers by statute, were free to flourish - or perish - according to the behaviour of the market. 1 Journalism has thus a similar relationship to printing as pop music to the phonograph or the film to photography: it depends upon an industrial activity, it involves the creative individual as a worker within a fairly complex process of manufacturing and distribution. The journalism is, as it were, the 'software' supplied to fill the 'hardware' of the newspaper system, and it thus serves as a pioneer example of the working of modern mechanical media. Unfortunately the newspaper is only now beginning to be studied historically as a media system;2 most of those interested in the history of the press have been hitherto concerned with the newspaper either as a component of 'Whig' history, concentrating on those elements which illustrate the great tide of public freedom swelling from the eighteenth century onwards,3 or else as a component of a kind of 'Whiggism-in-reverse', bringing out those elements which illustrate the increasing amiseration or exploitation of the new mass readership.4 Part of the interest in journalism in Britain lies in the...
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