...Philippines a haven for cigarette smugglers By Chay Florentino Hofileña, Newsbreak Posted at 05/26/2009 7:55 AM | Updated as of 05/26/2009 8:20 AM (First of two parts) Fisherman Lino Bocalan became legend in the 1950s to 1960s after he chanced upon an alternative and more lucrative profession: cigarette smuggling. Beneath the seawaters of his sleepy hometown of Tanza in Cavite, Bocalan discovered gun powder among the remnants of Japanese or American ships from World War II. The finds proved especially useful for fishermen who engaged in dynamite fishing back then. Illiterate but supposedly gifted with numbers, Bocalan eventually linked up with traders in Mindanao who were drawn to his supply of gun powder. In exchange, they offered him “blue-seal” or imported cigarettes, which were illegally, and easily, transported from areas like Borneo because of the South’s un-policed shorelines. Before long, Bocalan built a fortune and a name in an industry that grew in Tanza, aided in part by the presence of Sangley Point, a former American base where blue-seal cigarettes were sold and taken out from its commissary. He eventually traded directly with Borneo, cut the southern connection, and became a millionaire. Decades later, the Tanza cottage industry has evolved into a lucrative national, and even a global, industry. The southern backdoor, where traders of smuggled cigarettes used to taunt law enforcers, has become an outmoded entry point. Smugglers have become more brazen,...
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...NAME; KEVIN KAMAU MUKONO REG NO; HD231-6231/2012 COURSE; BACHELOR OF COMMERCE UNIT; TAXATION UNIT CODE; HBC 2211 GROUP I ASSIGNMENT 1 TASK; Explain the fiscal policies reforms the government has undertaken over the years in respect to tax reforms In Kenya. Kenya’s tax system has undergone more or less continual reform over the last twenty years. On the policy side, rate schedules have been rationalized and simplified, a new value-added tax introduced, and external tariffs brought in line with those of neighboring countries in East Africa. At the same time, administrative and institutional reforms have taken place. Most notable among these was the creation of the semi-autonomous Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) in 1995, which centralized the administration of tax collection. Kenya relied on unified tax policies and an administrative system jointly administered by the initial three members of the EAC. This was a legacy of British colonial administration that all the three countries inherited at independence. At that point, the government’s three main sources of tax revenue were: income tax; customs and excise duties; and inland revenue. Changes in both policies and administration were collaboratively determined and minimal until early 1970s. Following a decision to assign responsibility for income tax to each EAC member state, Kenya adopted the community legislation and enacted the Income Tax Act of 1973. The pragmatic post-independence political economy choices of the...
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...Sociology Sociology is the science that deals with the study of human beings and their social relationship. Wednesday, September 8, 2010 Importance of Sociology(Uses of sociology) The study of sociology has a great value especially in modern complex society.Some of the uses of sociology are as follows: | Peruvian indigenous people,learning to read(it shows development of this community) | 1) Sociology studies society in a scientific way:Sociology studies in a scientific manner.The scientific knowledge is very much needed in human society in order to achieve progress in various field. 2)Sociology focuses on the social nature of man:Sociology focuses into the social nature of man.By these,we know that man is a social animal.Through sociology we get the answers of why man lives in group,community and society.It examines the relationship between indivudals and society and the impact of sociology on man. 3)Sociology studies the role of the institution in the devlepment of the individuals :Through sociology ,that scientific study of the great social institutions and the relations of the individuals to each is being made.Sociology reads these institution and their role in the development of their individuals and suggest suitable measures from re-streangthing them with a view to enable them to serve the individuals better. 4)Sociology improves our understanding of society and increases the power of social actions:The science of...
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...information about the importance of sociology to society! The most significance of sociology is that it studied the society social institutions scientifically. Of late the importance of sociology as the science of human relationship is being realised. The scientific study of society and the scientific promotion of human welfare has been neglected for long periods. Now the truly scientific study of society has been well under way. Sociology Image Courtesy : sociology.arizona.edu/sites/sociology.arizona.edu/files/images/soc_club_3.jpg As a matter of fact the study of social phenomena and ways and means of promoting what Giddings calls human adequacy is one of the most logical and reasonable of all subjects that ought to be made scientific. This century must be one of developing human and social welfare if we are to make social progress. It is, therefore, rightly thought by many that sociology may be the best approach to all the social sciences and therefore a key study for the present situation. As Beach says, sociology has a strong appeal to all types of minds through its direct bearing upon many of the critical problems of the present world. Giddings has suggested that just as economics tells up how to get the things we want to have, sociology tells us how to become what we want to be. Thus, sociology becomes as the scientific study of society, the representative of a great advice. Society is the largest organisation of the individuals. Society has its own problems...
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...What is the importance of sociology? sociology helps us make our lives better by knowing the different societies. sociology also helps imporve the way we think about the attitude of diffrent people in society Why is sociology important? Sociology is important because it helps us uncover and counter false consciousness: that what we have been told is important (the ideology and values that benefit the elite) might in fact be detrimental for most people’s well being and what... What is the importance of studying of sociology? Because you need a certain number of social science credits to graduate, just like you need arts & letters credits to graduate. If you don't graduate you cant make it in to grad school. If you don't finish grad school you wont get a job... Sociological imagination definition by Babylon's free dictionary The sociological imagination is the ability to discern the relationship between large-scale social forces and the actions of individuals. .. sociology: Definition from Answers.com sociology n. The study of human social behavior, especially the study of the origins, organization, institutions, and development of human society. Why is sociological imagination important? Because sociological imagination is the power to work for. Do sociologists have important things to say about social change?? The suburb dubbed "Newtown" was built by the Housing Commission on rural land on the fringe of Melbourne. In the 1960s, the suburb was home to mainly...
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...Contribution of Herbert Spencer to Sociology (1110 Words) by Puja Mondal Sociology Advertisements: Read this article to learn about the contribution of Herbert Spencer to sociology! Herbert Spencer was born in Derby, England, on 27th April, 1820. He was recognized as one of the important social philosophers of the 19th Century. He had exerted a profound influence in the development of modern Sociology. He was treated as the continuator of Comte’s evolutionary approach. He was much more precise than Comte in specifying special fields for which Sociology must take responsibility. Sociology Image Courtesy : upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Herbert_Spencer_5.jpg He is believed to be the most notable exponent of social evolution. He is also considered as the father of classical evolutionists. In 1848 he was appointed as an editor of “The Economist”. By 1850, he had completed his first major work, “Social Statics”. He is famous, for his theory of’ Social Evolution’ and Organismic Analogy in the study of Sociology. Some of his important writings are: (i) Principles of Ethics-1891 (ii) Synthetic Philosophy-1896 (iii) Principles of Sociology-1880 (iv) Social Statics-1850 (v) Principle of Biology (vi) The Study of Sociology-1873. Organismic Analogy: An important work of Spencer which was shared with both Comte and Durkheim was his theory of organic analogy in which he developed the tendency to see society as an organism. He borrowed his concepts...
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...defines Culture as a “the values, beliefs, behavior, practices and material objects that constitute a peoples’ way of life”, and Sociology as “the systematic study of human society” (Macionis and Plummer 2012, p.964). In light of this, Cultural sociology demands that culture and social structural forces, especially economic forces to be dissociated in order to allow a form of cultural self-governance, rather than these cultural structures to be seen as external to individuals. The following essay will discuss the frame work of cultural sociology developed by Jeffery Alexander. In order to discuss how important cultural sociology for the development of South Africa is, I will assess to what extent contemporary South Africa embodies the characteristics of a cultural society in comparison to surviving practices and traditional beliefs. Theoretical framework of cultural sociology is best described as the importance of culture being seen an independent variable. Alexander (2003), emphasizes the importance of culture shaping society instead of culture being a product of society. He puts culture first and highlights that, “To believe in the possibility of a cultural sociology is to subscribe to the idea that every action, no matter how instrumental, reflexive or coerced vis-a-vis its external environments” (Alexander 2003:12). Comparatively, “Sociology of culture” implies that institutions, irrespective of how impersonal and technocratic have an ideal substructure that essentially...
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...AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY DIPLOMA IN SOCIAL WORK AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES COURSE CODE: SWD112 COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY QUESTION PICK ANY SOCIOLOGY FOUNDING FATHER, WRITE HIS OR HER CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGY BY HEZEKIAH KELLY .M.O. D12SG0016 DATE: JUNE 2013 EMILE DAVID DURKHEIM (1858 – 1917) BRIEF HISTORY AND EARLY LIFE STAGES OF DURKHEIM Durkheim was born in the eastern Pascoag providence of Lorraine, which at that time was part of Germany, on April 15th 1858. He came from a long line of conservative French Jews but, he decided early in his life he would not follow in his family’s footsteps. He led a completely secular lifestyle. he never completely detached himself from his family or the Jewish community. Many of his colleagues and students were either from the Jewish community or of blood relation. In 1879 Durkheim entered École Normale Supérieure, as a very promising student. That year’s class was one of the most brilliant in the nineteenth century. Many of his classmates, such as Jean Jaurès and Henri Bergson, went on to become very influential to France’s history. Very early in his career, Durkheim became interested in the scientific approach to society by reading works by social scientists, Herbert Spencer and Auguste Comte, and studying with Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges. Thus, he found many problems with the French...
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...The Role of Sociology in Criminal Justice A person cannot avoid the experience of making decisions from a list full of options and choices in this life. The choices that an individual makes are vital in determining the shape his or her later life will take. Making the choice to attend or not to attend college is one of the choices a high school graduate has to make. It is essential for an individual standing at the cross roads after high school to be visionary in making a decision to join a college. Attending college is worth it because the knowledge obtained cannot be taken away from you. College education contributes significantly to the person development. College learning is both inside and outside classroom. The college experiences are a reminder that adulthood comes with more responsibility. In addition, it instills in a person the virtue that it is essential to work hard for one to succeed. There exist studies that support the need for a student to attend college. In a survey investigating the importance of college education today as compared to high school education, it was found that almost 90% of the respondents admitted that college education is important. The presentation of this paper agrees with these findings. With the changing societal needs, college education has become important like high school education. Therefore, the perception toward college education makes it important. There are other ways in which attending a college is important. First, college...
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...What is Sociology? Sociology is defined as the scientific study of society and human behavior. Sociology is a part of social sciences. The study of sociology aims at analyzing the patterns of human behavior, deriving their causes and speculating the future of the behavioral patterns in society. Importance of Sociology The various disciplines of sociology include the study of social interaction between people. The areas covered by sociology include the analysis of social contacts between members of a society as also the interactions between different people around the world. Sociology attempts to study how and why people are organized as a society. It analyzes the structure of society and studies the factors that contribute to the creation of social groups. Sociology includes the study of the behavioral patterns, interactions and relationships among the individuals of society. This field tries to examine the organizational structure of society and the influence it has on the social, political and religious ideas of the members. It encompasses the study of the organization of families and businesses. It attempts to analyze the creation and management of social groups as well as the factors, which lead to their breakdown. The disciplines of sociology are concerned with the effects of social behavior on the formation of social traits. It also includes the ethical and moral values of society. Sociology is regarded as a branch of social sciences. It deals with the analysis...
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...What is Sociology? Sociology is defined as the scientific study of society and human behavior. Sociology is a part of social sciences. The study of sociology aims at analyzing the patterns of human behavior, deriving their causes and speculating the future of the behavioral patterns in society. Importance of Sociology The various disciplines of sociology include the study of social interaction between people. The areas covered by sociology include the analysis of social contacts between members of a society as also the interactions between different people around the world. Sociology attempts to study how and why people are organized as a society. It analyzes the structure of society and studies the factors that contribute to the creation of social groups. Sociology includes the study of the behavioral patterns, interactions and relationships among the individuals of society. This field tries to examine the organizational structure of society and the influence it has on the social, political and religious ideas of the members. It encompasses the study of the organization of families and businesses. It attempts to analyze the creation and management of social groups as well as the factors, which lead to their breakdown. The disciplines of sociology are concerned with the effects of social behavior on the formation of social traits. It also includes the ethical and moral values of society. Sociology is regarded as a branch of social sciences. It deals with the analysis...
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...Introduction Individuality and independence are highly valued in our society. It is sometimes easy to forget that everything we do, including our private thoughts and fantasies, grows out of or is shaped through our interactions with others, especially others close to us. Whether we like it or not: we are born into groups and spend most of our social lives in those same groups. All of us assimilate, at least in part, the perspectives of these groups and thereby acquire our language, values, attitudes, beliefs and sense of identity. The most basic sociological premise is that humans are social beings, shaped in many ways by the groups to which we belong. Whether they be families, athletic teams, clubs (such as sororities and fraternities), religious groups, socioeconomic classes, complex bureaucratic organizations, or nations, much of human life is guided by group norms. Much of human life is also consumed with conflicts between groups, each of which tries to defend its own self interests. The competition of individuals and groups for wealth and power is the fundamental process shaping social structure. The conflict of groups produces a progressive development of greater equality, democracy, autonomy and individuality, as different forms of privilege are abolished. Many factors interact to generate changes in people's behavior and in the culture and structure of their society, including the physical environment, population, clashes over resources and values, supporting values...
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...Importance of Sociology In: Philosophy and Psychology Importance of Sociology ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Importance of sociologyTop of Form Bottom of Form A sociological look at the world provides a number of unique benefits and perspectives. Sociology provides an understanding of social issues and patterns of behavior. It helps us identify the social rules that govern our lives. Sociologists study how these rules are created, maintained, changed, passed between generations, and shared between people living in various parts of the world. They also study what happens when these rules are broken. Sociology helps us understand the workings of the social systems within which we live our lives. Sociologists put our interactions with others into a social context. This means they look not only at behaviors and relationships, but also how the larger world we live in influences these things. Social structures (the way society is organized around the regulated ways people interrelate and organize social life) and social processes (the way society operates) are at work shaping our lives in ways that often go unrecognized. Because of this perspective, sociologists will often say that, as individuals, we are social products. Even though we recognize their existence, these structures and processes may “appear to people in the course of daily life as through a mysterious...
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...we were instructed to watch two films. “Food Inc.”, a harsh look inside America’s corporate controlled food Industry, while “The Vernon John’s Story: The Road to Freedom” is a film that portrays the inspirational story of Martin Luther King Jrs’ successor as he interminably campaigns for Civil Rights. While seemingly different themes, each film portrays two issues important in sociology. After all, sociology can be defined as the scientific study of human social behavior and its origins, development, and organizations. Sociologists use many ways to analyze subjects from a sociological perspective. These ways are known today as the symbolic interactionist perspective, the functionalist perspective, and the conflict perspective. Each perspective uniquely conceptualizes society, social forces, and human behavior. The purpose of this essay is not so much as to narrate each film but rather to illustrate a better understanding for three commonly misunderstood perspectives. Although a daily occurrence, the consumption of food can also be associated with important moments in our lives. In the context of society, our nation’s food system is at the core of numerous social movements, political issues, and economic debates. After watching “Food Inc.”, we see that any of these factors in particular may become a topic of a sociological study. A functionalist approach to the topic of food consumption might be interested in the role of the agriculture industry within the nations economy...
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Importance of sociologyTop of Form Bottom of Form A sociological look at the world provides a number of unique benefits and perspectives. Sociology provides an understanding of social issues and patterns of behavior. It helps us identify the social rules that govern our lives. Sociologists study how these rules are created, maintained, changed, passed between generations, and shared between people living in various parts of the world. They also study what happens when these rules are broken. Sociology helps us understand the workings of the social systems within which we live our lives. Sociologists put our interactions with others into a social context. This means they look not only at behaviors and relationships, but also how the larger world we live in influences these things. Social structures (the way society is organized around the regulated ways people interrelate and organize social life) and social processes (the way society operates) are at work shaping our lives in ways that often go unrecognized. Because of this perspective, sociologists will often say that, as individuals, we are social products. Even though we recognize their existence, these structures and processes may “appear to people in the course of daily life as through a mysterious fog” (Lemert 2001, 6). Sociologists strive to bring these things out of the...
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