...England defeated the Spanish Armada in the English Channel. This event strengthened England’s confidence and marked the beginning of the end of Spain’s imperialism. While previously Spain was a dominant force of colonization and exploration, England finally began to gear up for an even more successful and lasting conquest of the Americas. England’s new sense of confidence, unity, and preparedness set the stage for colonization of what would eventually be the United States. The settlers of Jamestown had a difficult start in the New World. The settlers, mostly noble “gentlemen”, spent their time searching for gold instead of building shelter or looking for food. As a result,...
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...The Thirteen Colonies, starting 1775, were British states following the British empire on the east coast of North America which had been established between 1607 (Virginia) and 1732 (Georgia), extending from New England toward the northern border of the Florida’s (British East and West Florida). They had fundamentally the same politics, and were commanded by Protestant English-speakers. The thirteen colonies were: Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. You can see them in the map below. The Kingdom of Great Britain in London rehearsed a strategy of mercantilism. It regulated the colonies...
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...The Effects of Geography on Colonial America When first setting foot on the U.S Eastern seaboard, explorer George Percy documented that, “Wee (sic) could find… faire meddowes and goodly tall Trees… Fresh-waters… I was almost ravished at the first sight” (Percy “A Discourse of… Virginia by the English”). Percy and one hundred four other settlers would go on to establish Jamestown, the first successful British colony in the “New World”. Chosen for its geographical military advantages, lush vegetation, and seemingly stable, warm climate (Grymes “Jamestown - Why there?”), the location of Jamestown created a viable settlement, economy, and subsequent culture. Throughout the 1600’s, the colonies would expand tenfold, and the consequences of their varying topographical features would divide the land into three territories: New England, the Middle Atlantic, and the Southern colonies. The varied...
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...Sohee Kang England's Vietnam essay The devastation of the French and Indian war left the British in heavy debt, which then led to the various acts and taxes imposed on the colonies. Starting in 1764 with the sugar act and ending with the conclusion of the revolution in 1783, many factors contributed to the defeat of the British. Mostly due to vast distance of the mother country from the colonies, it was difficult for England to supply themselves with soldiers, food, and weapons. Other factors that contributed to their defeat were the alliance between the Americans and England’s bitter rivals such as the Spanish and French, who sent soldiers and supplies to the colonies, as well as England’s own strategical follies. In the aftermath of the French and Indian war, England’s parliament taxed the colonies heavily to recover from the debt by passing various Acts that taxed materials such as sugar, paper, and tea. This caused the unrest and dissent among the Americans which was then followed by resistance and oppression. After several years of uneasiness, a violent battle occurred in Lexington and Concord on April 19 1775, which marked the beginning of the American Revolution. George III then proceeded to begin and quickly end a war against the colonies to set an example of them. This method, however, required vast numbers of soldiers and other supplies, which was scarce and hard to obtain due to the distance separating the opposing sides. Even if the British did obtain...
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...were the freest people in the world." This was because of England's lack of control over the colonists due to distance and transitions made in the New World. Morrison's quote can be justified politically, economically, and religiously. A great example of political freedom within the colonies is the Mayflower Compact. It organized a form of self-government and resolved issues based on majority rule among the Plymouth Colony, which was also fleeing England due to religious persecution. This document had built a wall between the monarchy in England and the people in British North America since it was the first active revolt against King James. A second example would be John Winthrop establishing theocracy in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. This was very different from the monarchy back in England because it was a government ruled by religion. Both the Mayflower Compact and the theocracy in Massachusetts were experiences that led to political freedom....
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...the thousands to the American colonies, although well after the Pilgrims. Pilgrims came to the colonies in small numbers. 102 Pilgrims boarded the Mayflower after fleeing Holland, and endured a rough winter on the stony coast of New England in the year 1620. Separatist pilgrims were more extremist Puritans who separated completely from the Church of England and moved to the American colonies for religious refuge. The Mayflower Compact was written by the 102 pilgrims aboard the Mayflower. Before disembarking, the pilgrims wrote up the document, which was essentially an agreement to form a government in Plymouth in which the majority rules....
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...development of the Chesapeake and New England were distinctively different. In the early 1600s, England was faced with population increase and religious hostilities. The increase of the population led to competition to limited resources such as, food, clothing, land for settlement, and religious conflicts. These led the English men to look for newer ways to improve their living standards. Consequently, leaving England was the only remedy to their worries. The immigrants who tried to pursue a better life ended up establishing New England and Chesapeake colonies. However, these two colonies had the distinction between freedom “from” and freedom “for". New England’s colony was largely puritan, religion playing a key role. They believed in God and they looked upon Him for everything they did. Religion was the backbone and source of inspiration for the New Englanders to live in the new world. The colony’s religion was family-based and with extreme piety. This notion shared by the New Englanders is attributed from the feeling that, they had to appease their God since they had escaped from religious persecutions. In contrast, the Chesapeake region was not deeply rooted in religion. Its religious tone was low-church. Therefore, they pursued economic freedom rather than religious freedom. Political freedom in New England was based on pure religion, whereas, the Chesapeake created a society for economic purposes. New England’s officials were required to enforce...
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...The Seven Years War was a series of conflict between several countries including the colonies, Britain, France, Spain, Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Persia (Brinkley, 2012). While the war officially began in 1756, many of the colonists predicted the French and Indian war in the early 1750’s. Although Great Britain was still in control of the colonies, they provided very little help and support. This eventually worsened matters, especially when many colonists were constantly fighting off Indian tribes who were in alliance with the French. In fact, nearly every Indian tribe had ties to the France, excluding the Iroquois tribe due to the fear imposed by the British (History, 2014). As previously stated, the Seven Years War officially began in 1756 when France and England, for the first time, engaged in full-blown warfare. What made this war so significant were the alliances formed, which included England and Prussia, and France and Austria, countries who would have never joined forces in the past (Brinkley, 2012). In 1957, one year after the war began, England was struggling and defeat became quite common for the country. As a result, William Pitt was appointed to fix the problems England was facing in the war. Almost immediately, Pitt announced that the war in America was completely under British rule. Because the casualty count was so high, he decided to engage in impressment meaning that the colonists were basically forced to join the British army. Furthermore, the colonists were...
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...advice for adventuring into the New World without you. It has been five years since I have last spoken with you before I have gotten on the three ships with 105 others to come across the ocean to the New World. Sad to say only 38 out of the 105 colonists who have settled in Jamestown have managed to survive. I have many things I have to share with you about the New World I am living in. I am currently in the Virginia Colony located by the Chesapeake River. This is one of the two main colonies that have been established under England’s rule. The other colony is the New England colony located up North of here. I have managed to travel there several times with my master and have been exposed to an environment that is much different from my Virginia colony. It shocks me greatly that another colony under the same rule of our mother country can be so different. I would like to tell you about the great differences I have come to observe between our two settlements in terms of settler’s reasoning for immigrating to the new world, the development of settlement’s societal structure, and the settler’s relationship with the Native Americans. Unlike many of us (Virginians) who have come to the new world to make large sums of profits, the settlers in New England have come for a different purpose. The New England settler’s have come to the New World for religious purposes.The New Englanders are Puritans who have made the journey here to escape Church of England’s strong catholic views and forms...
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...The Chesapeake and New England Colonies: A Comparison Beginning in the 1600s, England colonized the newly discovered Americas. numerous groups came settled in two regions, the Chesapeake and New England. From the beginning, both had very separate motivation and unique identities. These motivations affected the colonies in every way, including economically, socially, and politically. The Chesapeake and New England attracted different types of settlers and, by 1700, the populations differed enormously. Clearly the Chesapeake and the New England regions did differ in numerous ways. These differences included population, religion, and economy. But also the differences were on a wide-scale range involving almost every aspect of the society, they all sprouted from one initial difference between the two: the very reason the colonists came. Life in colonial America was difficult for all, but more so for some than others. While some colonists struggled to scrape by, some managed to live well and be happy. It is very apparent that health, family, and growth helped New England to be more prosperous and a more enjoyable place to live than in its southern neighbor, Chesapeake Bay. History has proven that these factors have a major effect on the quality of life for people, and this instance is no exception. New England New England was north of the Chesapeake, and included Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Haven. In Puritan New England, a patriarchal...
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...The Jamestown colony and the Columbian Exchange have been described as pinnacle things in the history of our world. In a National Geographic article, Charles C. Mann said, “It [Colombian Exchange] is arguably the most important event in the history of life since the death of the dinosaurs.” On the contrary, many people neglect to remember the fact that in the face of all this triumph, a people group had to suffer the consequence. In this article, Mann connects the downfall of the Native American Powhatan tribes to the Jamestown colony and the Colombian exchange. He does this by discussing the crippling effects of disease, foreign livestock, over-farming, and England’s superior population. Although the Colombian Exchange looks like a positive...
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...political philosophies were different- all possibly rooted in their allegiance to the Crown back home. To the North, or New England Colonies, the settlers occupied Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth, Rhode Island, New Haven, and Connecticut. And to the South, or Chesapeake Region, the settlers occupied Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New Jersey. Now, let’s get into the nitty-gritty; the “how and why” these two regions were so different. First thing is first. Chesapeake settlers had a majority allegiance to England’s values. These people, by and large, represented the English establishment back home. So, what does this mean? Well, that...
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...were all competing for colonies and trade routes along the world. While each country had been sending explorers out since the last fifteenth century, it wasn’t until the mid-seventeenth that colonization really started. All three of these countries were trying to become not only the wealthiest but the most powerful as well. And no other place promised as much wealth or power as the New World did. Each of these three countries had the same basic motivation for why they wanted to colonize the New World; expansion, power, and most importantly wealth. The differences came about in where these three countries chose to create colonies, and then how those colonies would be populated and governed. These differences were...
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...tremble in fear of God. Religious freedom was not acceptable in England during the 17th century, and those who opposed the Church of England risked prosecution. Despite England’s strive to enforce religious law, the beliefs of the Quakers managed to spread through parts of England, Africa, and eventually North American colonies. Early Life The origination of the Quakers has been traced back as far as 1647. The Society of Friends is believed to have been founded by George Fox, an English Dissenter and a...
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...During the 1600's, people in the American colonies lived in very distinctive societies. While some colonists led hard lives, others were healthy and prosperous. The two groups who showed these differences were the colonists of the New England and Chesapeake Bay areas. The differentiating characteristics among the Chesapeake and New England colonies developed due to economy, religion, and motives for colonial expansion. The colonists of the New England area possessed a very happy and healthy life. This high way of living was due in part to better farming, a healthier environment, and a high rate of production because of more factories. The colonists of the Chesapeake Bay region, on the other hand, led harder lives compared to that of the colonists of New England. The Chesapeake Bay had an unhealthy environment, bad eating diets, and intolerable labor. The colonists had different reasons for settling in these two distinct regions. The New England region was a more religiously strict yet diverse area compared to that of the Chesapeake Bay. The development of religion in the two regions came from separate roots. After Henry VIII and the Roman Catholic Church broke away from each other, a new group of English reformers was created called the Puritans. The Puritans came from protestant backgrounds, after being influenced by Calvinistic ideas. When their reforms were thwarted by King James I of England, they fled to the New World in what is now known as the "Great Migration". The Puritans...
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