...affected the definition of the right to privacy more than any other right provided for under the Constitution. Technological advances have triggered many privacy right cases imputing infringement of Fourth Amendment rights. Many of these types of privacy infringement cases involve, among others, wire-tapping, internet-tapping and other cyber crimes. The Fourth Amendment essentially protects the privacy of individuals from unwarranted govermental intrusion. This paper compares and contrast public safety versus civil rights issues based on the impact of technological advances on individual privacy rights. Lost in the Matrix Introduction Technological advances have created ground-breaking ways in which individual privacy can be infringed upon. These innovative technological advances have, among other novel affects, increased the ability to gather and share information. This increased ability has nearly made it impossible to retain privacy. Database systems have become so advanced that much more information can be stored on these databases worldwide leaving individuals with no method of knowing or controlling what type of information about themselves are being accessed. Information privacy has become a major privacy rights issue in the criminal justice system. This paper compares and contrast public safety versus civil rights issues based on the impact of technological advances on individual privacy rights. Privacy Rights Laws While the right to privacy is not explicitly...
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...Public Safety and Individual Rights Paper Robert Gubbins University of Phoenix January 20, 2014 AJS/552 There are many challenges that law enforcement agencies faces when it comes to enforcing public safety at the same time protect the rights of individuals. This paper will focus on several key topics involving the relationship between public safety and individual rights. The first topic is the statutory authority and responsibilities of government officials, security personnel, and private citizens. The next topic involves the practices or laws relating to search, seizures, and surveillance by police, corrections, private citizens, and security personnel. This paper will also compare the laws relating to the use of force by police, corrections, and private security. And the paper will conclude with individual privacy rights and laws relating to policy, practices, and procedures. The United States is a country that is a representative democracy. In other words, the laws reflect the will of the people and the government officials reflect and enforce the laws and rules according to federal, state and local guidelines. (scholastic.com) This also means that we elect our officials and they are sworn to uphold the laws and duties of their respective offices. The citizens of this country pay taxes in order for the government to function and to provide services to help public safety and protecting life and property against those who wish to take them away...
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...Bill of Rights The First, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution will be analyzed. This paper will discuss the relationship between the different areas of the Bill of Rights and the administration of justice and security. The aims of and the challenges fronting different federal, state, and local enforcement agencies will be discussed along with roles of the federal, state, and local court systems with regard to public safety and civil rights. The goals of the juvenile justice system with those other agencies will be discussed as well as the roles of private security organizations with respect to both corporate and public protection. Last there will be recommendations to solutions of the numerous tasks fronting criminal justice organizations and security organizations (University of Phoenix Syllabus, 2013). Amendments First Amendments The First Amendment explains that it is the independence of demonstration of the media and religious beliefs. This particular portion of the constitution forbids any type of reticence of communication, worship in addition to the capability to gather people calmly. This permits for every American to communicate without restrictions and worship wherever they want nationwide (The United States Constitution, 2010). Fourth Amendment The Fourth amendment was written to protect the people and their private property. In this amendment the people were promised their safety from illegal search and seizures as...
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...University of La Verne Gisela Andrade MGMT 521- Business Ethics & Decision Making Final Paper Is it ethical to test company employees for illegal drug use? May 26, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ______________________________________________________ Page 3 Introduction __________________________________________________ Page 3 Options and Analysis _________________________________________ Page 5 Libertarian Law _______________________________________________ Page 5 Utilitarian Law ________________________________________________ Page 6 Distributive Justice ____________________________________________ Page 7 Recommendation ______________________________________________ Page 8 References ____________________________________________________ Page 9 ABSTRACT This paper examines the problem of drug testing in the workplace and how one may apply different ethical models to this HR quandary. When companies decide to test, they should do so in a reasonable way. This paper provides background information on libertarianism, utilitarianism, and a distributive justice models. These ethical theories are generally accepted standards of right and wrong to conduct a business environment. They are discussed and interpreted in regard to how a company might apply the concepts to drug testing. The paper recommends the use of the libertarian model as it provides a rational approach, and one that is balanced, in respect to...
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...THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING ETHICS POSTED BY RIANON POSTED ON 29 - JUN 0 COMMENTS If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on The Importance of Engineering Ethics. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality The Importance of Engineering Ethics paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in The Importance of Engineering Ethics, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your The Importance of Engineering Ethics paper at affordable prices with livepaperhelp.com! “The Importance of Engineering Ethics” It is critical for an engineer to maintain an ethical reputation within his/her engineering career. The main principles that an engineer should work and live by are “to hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public, perform services only in areas of their competence, act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees, avoid deceptive acts, and conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession” (NSPE Code of Ethics 1). It is the...
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...Balance in the Administration of Justice and Security Integrative Paper University of Phoenix Balance in the Administration of Justice and Security Integrative Paper Justice and security are faced with concerns that affect in the daily processes. The concerns have to balance to guarantee no rights are violated. This paper will analyze the concerns regarding the legal environment in which the justice and security administrations function, the transformation in technology and mass communication and the influence on justice and security areas, the problems involving an individual’s rights as opposed to the needs of the justice system and security upholding order and public safety, how the growth of justice and security over the 21st Century best balances rights and freedoms with vigilance, and appropriate authority to safeguard the public in a free society with respect to constitutional assurances regarding individual rights. Issues Regarding Legal Environment Issues regarding the legal environment are abundant, especially when discovering how justice and security administrations function. To begin with, it is important to know who a security or legal administrator is. A security or legal administrator is an individual who fulfills an office management position or a non-attorney position and is liable for total routine operations. He or she is liable for safeguarding the distribution of services by overseeing his or her employees and recognizing and creating business prospects...
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...Furthermore, stressing the importance of the safety and health of the general public. September 11, has caused federal and state governments to merge public health and public safety into one. This merger brought about the significance of public health preparedness. In other words, this merger created ways in which we can protect the country against future terrorist attacks and the precautions that we must now take to ensure that our nation and its people are protected (Annas, 2012). The United States Supreme Court now upholds the merger. But where problems begin is in the area of routine strip searches of those who are arrested (even those who commit a minor crime such as, not wearing a seat belt) before being confined to either jail or prison. The U.S. Supreme court had to whether or not these routine strip searches were a violation of the Fourth Amendment. According to Walenta (2010), the Fourth Amendment states: “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized” (para 1, pg. 1). In other words, this prohibits those in positions of authority to conduct strip searches on individuals without probable cause. Hence, the term “unreasonable” searches. Public health as well as medical professionals and staff should...
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... Arizona has some of the least restrictive gun laws in the nation. It also has one of the highest rates of gun deaths in the country. But, how closely are guns and violence connected? The answer, like much involving guns in America, is complicated. Even though there is a right to bear arms, gun control laws in Arizona are in need of some work. There have been various shootings that have attributed to this need, adding the fact that carrying a concealed weapon is open to just about anyone only intensifies this need. “Arizona Fired Up Over Year-Old Weapons Law” is an article from 1995 in the Christian Science Monitor that discusses the stance that Tiffany Williams took regarding concealed weapons. Tiffany Williams is one of some 31,000 Arizonans who had decided that their safety hinged on toting guns, and thus had completed a 16-hour firearm-safety course required at that time to carry a concealed gun. Non-supporters of concealed weapons laws worried that as guns continue to show up in more hands, the greater the chance of violent incidents while supporters of concealed weapons laws argued that allowing people to carry firearms - openly or not - is a basic right, and gives people a greater sense of security. Tiffany Williams came to her stance because of two separate occasions of her being accosted by an assailant; therefore, protection was her motivation. Arizona’s issues offered lessons for other states as concealed weapons laws...
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...Public Safety and Privacy Analysis Billie Barker University of Phoenix CJA/550 Legal Issues in Justice and Security Michael Barrett, Esq. April 2, 2012 Public Safety and Privacy Analysis Introduction The purpose of this paper is to learn about public safety and privacy issues. Understanding the search and seizure laws; that govern all law enforcement and private security perssonel. Next the paper looks at the laws for surveillance by the police. After that this paper is investigating the idea of cameras in the school system legal or not, for protection or is it a violation of the fourth amendment rights to the students. Last the paper looks at surveillance by private security. Understanding Search and Seizure Law The police are governed by the 4th Amendment to the U.S. constitution which places limits on the power they have. For the police to make arrests, search a person or their property they have to work under the fourth amendment, which are the laws set for search and seizure. The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution reads as follows: "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized" (The Charters of Freedom, nd). The fourth amendment provides for the search and seizure...
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...situation where normal day-to-day routine and / or businesses are interrupted. Therefore crisis management constitutes those processes and procedures which aim to reduce the effects or in certain cases, prevent the effects of crises to get uncontrollable and unmanageable. Singapore has a large spectrum of crisis management agencies, which specialise in certain services, available to the public. Each organisation / agency targets and deals with a specific domain. These include the following in no specific order, but are not limited to; the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF), the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), the Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF), the Health Promotion Board (HPB), the Housing and Development Board (HDB), the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF), the Singapore Police Force (SPF), the Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA), community centres, hospitals and legal offices. The aforementioned are among the agencies and ministries which proactively take measures to reduce the impact of a crisis on the general public in times of distress. MSF manages and introduces well planned programs and schemes for family development. A crisis can arise when single parents require assistance in infant care and/or child care, while they are either at work or out to seek employment. MSF provides infant care, childcare and education schemes among others, for families who require assistance in monetary terms, or in planning for the future. Their hotline, ComCare can be...
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...Contents Case I 2 Toyota Ignorance on Safety 2 Impact on Individual, Organization and Society 3 Case II 6 Ethical Dilemma in Nigeria 6 Impact on Student, School and the society 7 Case III 10 HIV positive nurse gets sentenced on deliberate transmission of the disease 10 Impact on Individual, Organization and Society 10 Reference 13 Appendix 01 14 Appendix 02 15 Appendix 03 17 Case I Toyota Ignorance on Safety Toyota Moto Corporation is one of the world’s leading companies in the automobile industry. However their reputation has been greatly damaged when they deliberately ignored safety concerns by refusing to admit the acceleration problems in their automobiles. Failure to input a break override system to prevent accidents further aggravated the situation. Complaints from over 1,000 Toyota owners have been filed since 2001. The accidents have caused the life of at least 19 people, and resulted in several injuries over the last decade (Krolicki & Hill, 2010). At a report published by the Federal Regulatory system it says that, these accidents are far more than any other automobile company has experienced. In order to comprehend for the probes, Toyota managed to collect fewer than 85,000 defected vehicles. Over the last decade National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has investigated more than eight cases filed by Toyota owners. However six other cases were closed by the Federal agency without finding any problems in the vehicles (Vartabedian...
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...that the MEV-1 virus is spread person-to-person via airborne droplets produced by sneezes or coughs, as well as by viruses deposited on fomites, such as glasses, doorknobs, peanuts, and so on. The virus circles the globe in a matter of days, causing coughs, fevers and seizures as scientists from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) scramble to identify the pathogen and develop a vaccine. MEV-1 is presented to the audience as a pandemic. During a pandemic preserving the functionality of society is a priority (Gostin, 2008). Contagion raises a host of ethical dilemmas such as paternalism, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. The prospect of encountering a deadly pandemic such as that in Contagion, can create an overwhelming healthcare and community concern. The preparation for and response to an unusual turn of events of this magnitude requires goals that aim to benefit the community, as a whole. This involves an ethical viewpoint based on utilitarianism, with a primary focus on the good of the community, as opposed to the typical medical ethical view that focuses on the individual autonomy of patients. Ethics based on this notion of utility will most indeed pose a conflict between the community and the health of the individuals who make up that community. This paper will consider the moral issues from a public health viewpoint presented in the movie Contagion. The basis for determining how to address and contain...
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...Although the new security changes have improved the overall safety of air travel, concerns have been raised that the changes introduced are invasive to privacy, and are an infringement of individual rights. Biometric and advanced imaging technology have been criticized for this reason, however, they have been effective at preventing further terrorist attacks. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the security measures that have been introduced as a result of September 11th 2001, and evaluate the effectiveness of the changes and how they impact both safety and privacy. Keywords: Biometrics, Advanced imaging technology, September 11 Invasive Security: Does it Work On September 11, 2001, the world watched in terror as America was under attack. Early that morning, four commercial airliners departed from Newark and Boston with arrivals at San Francisco and Los Angeles were taken over by nineteen hijackers (National Commission, 2004). Two of these aircrafts collided with the Twin Towers in New York City resulting in the destruction of both buildings. An additional aircraft flew into the Pentagon in Washington D.C, and the final aircraft was over taken by passengers that crashed near Shanksville, Pennsylvania (National Commission, 2004). These events caused 2,996 causalities and affected the lives of countless individuals across the world (National Commission, 2004). As a result of the events of September 11th, 2001, major safety concerns have been addressed in regards to the reliability...
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...Legal, Safety, and Regulatory Requirements Paper Alexis Shealey HCS/341 January 30, 2012 Matt Dennis Legal, Safety, and Regulatory Requirements Paper In this paper the writer will explain examination of legal, safety, and regulatory requirements on human resource process, explanation of why the student does or does not agree with this statement “Common sense and compassion in the workplace has been replaced by litigation”, and the focuses on employee-related regulations such as U.S. Department of Labor, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and Department of Homeland Security. The human resource department in every organization is responsible for ensuring that the organization follows all legal, safety, and regulatory requirements when dealing with the employees of the organization as well as the organization serves. Throughout the process a main priority law are intended to bring harmonious working relationships between parties at the workplace. Human resource experts and managers have implemented strategies to comply with the federal regulations to supervise employee health and safety in the workplace. Laws and regulations at the federal, state, and local levels show companies conduct staffing. Three sensitive areas of legal concerns that managers must comply with are equal opportunity, affirmative action, and sexual harassment. Individual are protected from illegal discrimination which occur when people who share...
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...Veterans Affairs, 2014). The reasons presented by the proponents portray misinformation about the vaccine and therefore needs to be addressed by providing them with accurate information in order to increase the uptake of flu vaccine for this group. The education regarding the flu vaccination can be done on one-one basis which will give the individual an opportunity to express their concerns without any fear. The argument raised by the nurses’ union is that mandating a vaccination policy is a potential violation of human rights (Ikura, Doig & Laupacis, 2014) and personal autonomy (Flegel, 2012). The literature shows evidence that this is not case and will be further discussed later in the paper. For now, the concern regarding violation of personal autonomy is addressed by the pro-vaccine opponents stating that health care workers are obligated to engage in ethical practice by ensuring the principles of beneficence and non-maleficence (Penfield, 2014). This creates a slippery slope...
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