...University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina FIGURE 5-1 Pedestrian signal displays.' Traffic Signals Traffic signals are intended to assign the right-of-way to vehicular and pedestrian traffic. When installed appropriately, traffic signals can provide many benefits, including the interruption of heavy volumes of motor vehicles where there are insufficient gaps in motor vehicle traffic for pedestrians to cross safely at intersections or midblock locations. Unwarranted or improperly used traffic sig-nals can cause excessive delay for pedestrians and motor vehicles, signal disobedience, and an increase in certain accident types. Even where warranted, traffic signal installations commonly result fn an increase in rear-end and total accidents, with a corresponding reduction in more severe right-angle acci-dents. The effect of traffic signal installations on pedestrian accidents is not well known, but different locational characteristics of the sites are important factors in the accident experience at signals.° While many traffic signals include only the green, yellow, and red signal faces, a variety of signal lens faces may be used, depending on needed signal phasing. Studies have suggested, however, that highly-com-plex, multiphase signals often result in con-fusion and hazardous situations for pedestrians. Therefore, in cases where such complex phasing is necessary, pedestrian sig-nals and other pedestrian improvements are strongly recommended' The Manual on Uniform Traffic...
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...Safety features that influence walking to specific places Features measured under the safety category that significantly influenced walking to specific places included speed limits and drivers exceeding them, streets parking, availability of crosswalks and pedestrian signs, TABLE 7- 13. Of frequent walkers, fewer observed than expected perceived posted speed limits being high. Conversely, of respondents who didn't walk to specific places, more observed than expected reported dissatisfaction with posted speed limits, which could explain why they didn't walk to specific places. The negative, almost moderately strong association implies high posted speed limits have a negative impact on likelihood of walking to specific places TABLE 7- 13....
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...purpose for writing ¨The Pedestrian¨ was to make the reader a wear that if we don't ´t keep our government officials in check, we will live in a world where it is a crime to have freedom to walk down the street. In “The Pedestrian” it states “ Where you talking to me?” The car hesitated, or rather have a faint whirring click, as if information, somewhere, was dropping card by punch-slotted card under electric eyes. “To the Psychiatric Center for Research on Regressive Tendencies.” This quotes shows that he had no freedom to walk down the street. The government wanted him to be like everyone else, indoors getting brain washed. Another quote from “The Pedestrian” is “ The tombs, Ill-lit by television light, where the people sat like the dead, the gray or multicolored lights touching their faces, but never quite touching them.” This quote is showing you evidence that they are just going home and watching T.V. It's not making them smarter in any way...
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...density plays a big role in overall satisfaction of its residents and others, who use it as a transit zone to get to their destination. Majority of such student are walking to their destinations and it is important to discuss whether this neighborhood is pedestrian friendly or not. To rate how pedestrian friendliness I will use appropriate categories from the article “Pedestrian and transit friendly design: a primer for smart growth”....
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...Ray Bradbury and “The Pedestrian” The reason Ray Bradbury is such a good author is because he states his themes through figurative language, symbolism, and setting. He writes about the future and lives will be taken over by technology. For example, he wrote a story called “The Pedestrian”, and the protagonist Mr. Mead walks in a town where nobody comes outside anymore; these people are addicted to their technology. In this story they are watching television and listening to the radio. Ray Bradbury in “The Pedestrian” uses literary elements to successfully illustrate a negative view of technology. Ray Bradbury uses the setting to successfully impact his readers view of technology. Bradbury has a way with words, when describing the setting which was in the future. For example, Mr. Mead talked to the houses as if they were people because no one came outside anymore. Ray never really showed any emotion besides loneliness and that had a big impact on the way he wrote the story. Ray also used symbolism, he used light and dark to show emotions of the town and when people came out. Ray pretty much stated that at night he feels so alone and the way he described the setting put a...
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...TRAFFIC ATTITUDE CHANGE IN TURKEY The most important attitude which should be changed and given importance about traffic in Turkey is being obeyed the traffic signs and light rules by pedestrians and vehicles. Starting point or reason of attitude change is education indeed. In that way, traffic accidents and injuries will be decreased in Turkey. If pedestrians and vehicles obey the traffic signs and lights rules more and the drivers are more conscious of driving, most of traffic accidents and injuries will be diminished in Turkey. Securtiy General Directorate, Directorate General of Traffic Education and Investigation explained that there was 254.000 accidents at police responsibility zone in 2011 and 178.255 people were injured and 2.382 people were dead because of these traffic accidents. Other accidents which made at constabulary responsibility zone would be excluded in that 254.000 accident number. If we count all zones accidents in Turkey, this will be 4.000 dead people because of accidents in 2011 in Turkey. These are really huge numbers for the countries. If we look the numbers of traffic accidents in general, we can see that developing countries have higher traffic accident numbers. It might be prevented by education of course. General president of Preventing Traffic Accidents in Turkey Institution, lawyer Hitay Güner, explained that there is no change or decrease in numbers of traffic accidents and deaths in comparison to 2010...
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...in the nation for its pedestrian danger index; Charleston’s statistics were directly at the top. (Dangerous by Design S.C., 2014) The need for safer sidewalks and streets for all pedestrians should be a maximum priority, and there is a plan in place to help to do this. The Safe Street Act is a law yet to be enacted, but is gaining in popularity in the Senate. The act sets the blueprint which will make a difference in the way streets and sidewalks will be built from now on. It will support the safety and convenience of all it’s users, including pedestrians, bicyclists, public transit users and drivers. It will reconstruct and rehabilitate the existing problem areas and will not allow building in any more dangerous areas. The Safe Streets Act of 2014 will protect our citizens especially our seniors from many of the perils of living in Charleston. The bill, introduced to the Senate on February 6th, 2014 by senators Brian Schatz and Mark Begich is a comprehensive one. It creates incentives for federal transportation agencies to design safe streets for all; this would also include people of all ages and disabilities. Two-thirds of pedestrian deaths occur on federally funded roads, according to the Senators. “Our legislation provides commonsense solutions to consider the needs of our seniors and children encourage alternate forms of transportation, and make our roads and communities safer for everyone,” said Schatz. As mentioned, elderly pedestrians are one of the significant...
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...community of Watkins Lake Estates and I have lived in Waterford for sixteen years. During this time I have noted the lack of adequate right-of-ways for both pedestrians and bicyclists. I also noted the alarming number of overweight and obese adults and children in the community. I’m sure you are aware of the exploding epidemic involving obesity and the increase of chronic disease conditions related to obesity including heart disease, stroke, and diabetes (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). The effects of obesity and poor nutritional choices are well-documented and reported in every form of media available today. You may not be aware that the United Nations General Assembly has proclaimed 2011-2020 as the Decade for of Action for Road Safety, with the stated goal to reduce road fatalities around the globe utilizing efforts at the regional, national, and global levels (“UN Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020”, n.d.). I think these two can be put together to promote awareness and a healthier lifestyle for our community. I noted during my Windshield Survey that there are a large number of both elementary and high school students, as well as adult students and those utilizing the facility at the Crary building, formerly Crary Middle School. Many of them come from Watkins Lake Estates and must walk in the street as there are no sidewalks in the entire subdivision. There is a sidewalk along the main line...
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...designed and operate for everyone, including pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists and other transit riders. The principle of Complete Streets is to create pedestrians, bicyclists and other forms of transit can safely co-exist. By adopting a Complete Streets policy, communities can offer the entire right way to enable safe access for all users, regardless of age, ability, or mode of...
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..."(Bradbury 41) Montag has just stole a book. This is against the law what he was aware of. As a fireman Montag is supposed to burn books. They are not supposed to steal the books. Montag is committing a small act of civil disobedience. Laws were also designed to stop people from communicating and from walking. Clarisse and Montag were still walking together when she started talking about her uncle. First she mentioned how her father and uncle were sitting on the porch. As she says her uncle was arrested another time for being a pedestrian " My uncle was arrested another time... for being a pedestrian" (Bradbury 13). In Montag's society you can get arrested for being a pedestrian. This means there is a law stating that you can't walk on the streets or just walk around. The people are confined to many of these kind of laws. Though they don't realize it violates their rights because they've never lived without it. Montag wants to know about these walks. Montag was walking back to his house. Clarisse asked him if he ever tilted his head back and tilted it into the rain....
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...Pedestrian Behavior: Multitasking while crossing an Intersection Many people pride themselves on the ability to multitask, which includes using cell phones while crossing the street. While current literature supports the phenomenon suggesting that more pedestrians are engaging in multitasking as they cross intersections. Multitasking was observed as pedestrians crossed the intersections of Georgia Avenue and Bryant Street in Washington Dc. Are there more people crossing the street who are multi-tasking, or who are not multitasking. How are pedestrians multi-tasking, as they cross the street, were participants using handset at their ears, using headphones, or looking down at their phones. Or finally if they chose not to multitask while they crossed the intersection. These finding suggest that pedestrians did not engage in multitasking while they proceeded to cross the intersection. Keywords: Multitasking, intersection, cell phone, headphones, handset, pedestrians. Risky Pedestrian Behavior: Multi-tasking at Intersections With the attention of cell-phone distraction while driving, its risks, injuries, and deaths in the media and research, we would consider that pedestrians would be more cautious with multi-tasking while crossing intersections. However, since we are in the age of technology, pedestrians are more likely to engage in multitasking. In a study, by (Stavrinos, Byington, & Schwebel 2011) the researchers argues that children view cell phones to...
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...of: Incorrect: Violating a restriction on your license IDK Question 8: If you are required to show proof of financial responsibility for the future, for how many years must the proof be kept? Incorrect: 3 years ANSWER IS TWO YEARS Question 9: If you move, how many days do you have before you must report your change of address to the Department of Public Safety? Correct: 30 days Question 10: Not including thinking distance, lawful brakes must stop a car at 20 miles per hour within how many feet? Correct: 25 feet Question 1: When a vehicle ahead of you stops to let a pedestrian pass in front of you, you should: Correct: Stay in line and wait until the vehicle ahead proceeds Question 2: Once you have stopped for a school bus, do not pass until the driver signals you to proceed, the red lights stop flashing, or: Correct: The bus starts moving ahead Question 3: When possible, pedestrians should walk: Incorrect: On the left side of the road facing traffic Question 4: When entering a street from a private alley or driveway, you must: Correct: Stop, then yield to approaching vehicles and...
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...brother had crawled into the back of the car during the fracas with the father. Once your son pulled out of the driveway, the little boy screamed to be released from the car. Your son, who harbored some latent hostility toward the little brother, took great delight in holding him captive for several miles before letting him out of the car to walk home. Next the twosome headed to a remote place in the country to enjoy a little privacy. Deeply involved in professing their love for each other, neither noticed the approach of a man brandishing a gun. The man punctuated each demand to get off his land by firing a shot in the air. Thoroughly frightened, the two lovers beat a hasty retreat but, with one last act of bravado, your son took aim at a sign on the man's property and obliterated it with the car. Later, as an afterthought, your son casually mentioned to you that before leaving the property he took the opportunity to fire a few shots in the man's direction with a gun that he had "borrowed" from you. On the way home, your son drove quite fast and had to swerve to avoid a boy on a bicycle. The boy lost control and hit a tree. A passing pedestrian rushed to help the boy, only to be hit by another car. While in the hospital, the...
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...disobeys the rules our society created for us to follows? Anyone who dares to disobey these norms are looked down upon, shunned, they are seen as a threat and more likely than not sent to a facility to control such behaviors. These types of behaviors are seen as deviant, to be deviant according to the readings is “actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms, including formally and informal violations of social norms” (reading). This theme of deviance is carried out in “The Pedestrian” by Ray Bradbury, “A Rose for Emily” by William Faulkner and “Harrison Bergeron” by Kurt Vonnegut all three have a deviant character. All three short stories have three main concepts that define the term deviant and ties one or another together, rebelling against authority, isolation, and individuality. Those who rebel against authority are seen by our society as a “danger to the public”, much like in “The Pedestrian” and “Harrison Bergeron” who both characters solely go against authority. In “The Pedestrian”, a man walks in shadows of night in 2053 A.D. A time where everyone is sheltered in the comfort of their homes, watching television and keeping to themselves. In the short story, no one was ever out past dark, except for Mr. Leonard Mead who disobeys the norm and takes a stroll to clear his mind and find peace. In this society, all those who are out, are seen as different, they are seen as rebelling against the authority. Mr. Mead was aware of how his deeds were looked down...
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...des Foules in French). If we take the 8am train to go to work, if we walk through a popular street on a Saturday, or if we go to a big event, we can see Le Bon’s words as a prophecy that describes the world in which we live. Pedestrian planning and crowd modelling have became more important in the last decades, mainly due to the increase in the number of big events that are organised and the accidents that sometimes happen during these events (Evers, 2011). Nowadays, architects, engineers, transport planners and event organisers make use of advanced software and mathematical models to predict the way in which pedestrians will move through train stations, streets, buildings, or stadia in order to create safe and efficient environments. In parallel to them, researchers and scientists are developing new algorithms and tools to improve the accuracy of the predictions. However, the first studies in this field were just based on direct observations, and they set the starting point for further research. According to Baer (1974), a good part of the research done in this area can be classified as behavioural studies related to sociopsychology rather than the direct influence of the constructed environment on pedestrian flows. Goffman (1963), for example, described a subconscious process called scanning used to avoid small obstructions in the flooring, through which a pedestrian checks other pedestrians that are in an ellipse...
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