...The Policy Process University of Phoenix The Policy Process The policy process is an ongoing event according to Kronenfeld (1997). When a policy is formulated there are two major parts; agenda setting and development of legislation. After these stages then the implementation stage begins. The way issues emerge can bring public awareness to a situation, such as the need for healthcare reform in the United States and eliminating the uninsured population. This paper will discuss and define the various stages of the policy process required to address this issue and will include the formulation stage, legislative stage and the implementation stage. Policy formulation begins with problems, possible solutions and political circumstances (Kingdon, 2009). Identifying problems and agenda setting is the first step in the policy formulation process. The problem in this scenario is that 46 million Americans are without health insurance in the United States (Census Bureau, 2008). With the number of uninsured American’s, policy formulation is critical; issues need to be straightforward, who is involved in the process, and what needs to be done has to be clearly defined in order for policy to be considered at this stage (Fafard, 2008). The Institute of Medicine reported that between 2000 and 2006, 137,000 American’s died due to lack of health insurance (Dorn, 2008); this number includes 22,000 alone in 2006. This is evidence enough for health reform to be on a political agenda for policy...
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...The Policy Process Part 2 Lateisha Bellmon University of Phoenix 455 Susan Brown October 21, 2013 The Policy Process Part 2 Introduction Managers’ role and responsibility in implementing change in the department Modification management, in any organization, is the role of management and administrators. In modification management, managers and administrative must manage modification with in a manner that workers can handle with. The manager is liable for the assistance and enablement of modification. Managers must recognize the circumstances from an impartial perspective. They must also assistance individuals comprehend goals, details, and conducts of confidently replying to modification conferring to their circumstances and ability. The manger must understand, converse, and allow workers and not to teach or enforce modification on individuals. All modifications requirements sponsorship. A benefactor is somebody with ability to say what is significant. The manager can assistance in the development and performance of modification. Deprived of managers to proposal guidelines on modification implementation, modification appears possible with only with a rare workers eager to go on board though others endure on by-products. With modification manager or benefactor, modification implementation and management appears voluntary. In enormous administrations, the absence of decision-making sponsorship consequences to sluggish acceptance to modification...
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...The Policy Process Part One Sarah Falsey HCS/455 January 27, 2014 Linda Morrow The Policy Process Part One Present growth thoughts imply that the policy structure is vital in shaping the performance of public sector bodies, farmers, households, and firms. As a result of extending, the trade and industry expansion of a nation depends on the eminence of this policy outline, the ideas that are taken, and the processes drawn in by thinking about each resolution. In the United States (US), most policies are produced through a self-governing arrangement in which officials come to a decision that best serves a state, a group of people, or a nation in its entirety. The self-governing arrangement makes sure that there is a routine cycle of stages in the policy-making process. All of these stages work together to determine a particular dilemma and often are formed in some organizations. Policies are developed in response to the existence of a perceived problem or an opportunity. This paper will go over how a topic becomes a policy. The writer will also touch on the last three stages that a topic must go through to become a policy. The first step of the policy process is the idea. In this stage, the proper authorities define the problem or problems and set a game plan or agenda. An agenda is like a list of troubles that the government usually wants to solve. Typically there are so many issues that they must be categorized in order of importance, with some troubles getting quicker...
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...Health care policy goals toward the society are delivery and financing of health care services. Health policy generally clarifies the movements occupied by governments---local, state, and national---to improve the society's health. It is a policy that stays focus more on discussing the health needs on majority of the population. The United States of America is the foremost spender on health care than any other country on earth (policy almanac, 2010). For a number of years, health care expenditures grew at a far more rapid rate than the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), using majority of the country‘s capitals. The cost of health care and the determination to control the intensification in spending is a major conflict. The upsurge in cost and spending of health care affects many policies as well as the consumer, physicians, government, children, and senior citizens. The focal focus is based on the first three phases of how the procedure works with Medicare/SCHIP. Policies are dynamic. There are three interconnected phases of health care policy making: the formulation stage, legislative stage, and implementation stage. These three important organized stages occur in the process in order to convert a topic such as Medicaid, into a policy. To begin, the formulation stage is a planning cycle by stating a theory. It is the main and frequently most challenging stage in obtaining proper decision methods. The obligation of this stage is to set priorities, set objectives and goals, define...
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...individual cultural resources coming together under one banner of diversity which combines brilliant thinkers, eloquent native languages, innovative ideas, and valuable historical experiences to present a library of extensive knowledge that all can benefit from on all levels of society. America stands as a shining example of diversity and multiculturalism that embraces and respects the many differences in values, morals, and experiences of others within humanity. American culture means being yourself, expressing yourself, and not being stifled. American culture revolves around our government, freedom of speech, beliefs, traditions, values and morals that have either been passed down from previous generations or acquired through the learning process. The United States, like many teams, is made up of a diverse collection of cultures. Diversity represents our differences and those differences educate us and allow us to make better decisions by giving us variety. American culture is knowing that we live "The land of the free, and the home of the brave". In America people expect to be given equal rights under the law. We expect American Industry to put out a quality product and for our Nation to be a leader in the world. American culture is about the "melting pot" America is many cultures combing into one. You can go to any place in the United States and see a vast arraign of traditions, cultures, and heritage. Team "B" consists of a collection of individuals having valuable academic...
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...Medicare Policy Process The health care, policy-making process is composed of three major stages; the formulation stage, legislative stage, and the implementation stage. The policy process refers to the specific decisions and events that are required for a policy to be proposed, considered, and finally either implemented and/or set aside. It is an interactive process with multiple points of access providing opportunities to influence the multiple decision makers involved at each stage (Abood, 2007). Each stage presents a unique set of events for a policy to be proposed, considered, and either implemented or rejected. In the formulation stage there is an input of ideas, information, and research from government officials, citizens, and special interest groups. The issue is framed and the purpose and outcome is defined. Finally strategies are chosen and the necessary resources are identified. In the legislative stage the policy must be discussed by congress, agreed on and signed into law. In the implementation stage the policy is put into effect, human resources and funding are allocated. After a new policy is implemented, advocates, opponents, or other “interested parties” begin to consider the consequences of the decision and its implementation (Cockrel, 2007). Abood (2007), “The overall health care system, including the public and private sectors, and the political forces that affect that system are shaped by the health care, policy-making process” (The Policy Process and...
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...Process of Budgetary Policy Dilan Tharaka Senevirathne Process of Budgetary Policy The national budget is the most important statement that any government has to make. Far from being a mere compilation of income and expenditure, it is the blueprint for a nation’s socioeconomic policies for each financial year. It defines in concrete terms the direction of national policy, the plan of action and the cost implications of government programmers and projects. This process mainly involves five stages. Those five stages are, 1) Agenda setting. 2) Policy Formulation. 3) Policy Adoption. 4) Policy Implementation. 5) Policy Evaluation. Agenda Setting Under this, public attention focuses on a public problem or issue. Then the issue will get the attention of relevant authorities. The main issues raised by people during this few years were mainly Poverty, Unavailability of electricity and clean water, quality roads. Irrigation system for lands in the dry zone, better schools, hospital facilities, housing, sanitation and environmental preservation. In order to address these issues the government needs a policy which is directed towards giving proper solutions. Under this phase the government realized the areas that need attention and according to that they formulate the policy. For an example if lack of proper education in remote areas was raised as a problem...
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...activities cause air and water pollution but at the same time industries causing pollution support economies providing livelihoods. This creates a paradox. We need industries to create jobs, but we cannot sustain the long term effects for extensive air and water pollution to live on earth. Environmental policy is a broad issue, mostly because of the socio-political dimensions of the issue. This paper presents an environmental policy analysis with the focus on clean water and air issues. It discusses existing environmental policy and problems and contradictions related to them. It also discusses the main stakeholders and the need of stakeholders and public to participate in environmental policy making and assessment. Finally this paper provides some recommendations on environmental policy implication. Definition of the Problem It is not an easy task to define environmental problem. The issue is too complex and broad to summarize it in several sentences. Some people believe that environmental policy refers only to human relationships to nature; they understand that much environmental policy deals with human health concerns (Kraft & Furlong, 2009, p.341). Putting environmental policy even at a broader context, it can be defined as government actions that affect environmental quality and the use of natural resources (Kraft & Furlong, 2009, p.342). There is no doubt that environmental issues are global issues. Entire world is facing important environmental problems that need to be...
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...Recruitment Policy Corporate HR Ref: HR/Policy/Recruitment/05 Version: 01 Effective date of application: Recruitment Policy & Process I. Objective: • • • To streamline the Recruitment process, To ensure that we always hire the RIGHT people at RIGHT role at RIGHT time, and Also to thrive a strong Employer Branding to attract the best talents available in the Industry II. Scope: Covers all the vacant positions across the functions, levels & hierarchy. To enable HR to initiate the hiring process at any point of time during the year, the respective HOD / functional / Regional heads need to follow the below-mentioned steps – • • • Fill-up a ‘ Manpower Requisition Form (MRF) ’ (Refer Annexure I) Get the MRF approved by the concerned approving authorities (as per the Recruitment Approval matrix shown below), and Forward the approved MRF to HR III. Recruitment Quality Norm: In today’s knowledge driven business scenario, People are perceived as the most valuable assets of an organization and the optimum utilization of the skill, knowledge, attitude, they posses, are directly instrumental to the growth of any organization. Therefore, while recruiting a candidate for any role, position, level, function, it should always be ensured that there is no compromise in the quality of people, we hire. Besides checking the presence of role -specific key competencies & the behavioral attribu tes required to perform a job, few basic eligibility criteria should be considered, even...
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...The Policy Process: Part 1 HCS 455 January 13, 2014 The Policy Process: Part I – Health Care Reform Policies are considered and reviewed on a daily basis with intentions of solving problems and improving quality of life. The policies that are implemented in order to improve the health care system for Americans have an affect on every individual person. With this being said, it is especially essential that all policies are carefully contemplated before they are actually implemented. This paper will address how topics become policies. This will include three stages, which consist of the formulation stage, the legislative stage, and the implementation stage. There are several stages that a policy must go through before it can be established. These steps are essential to the process and need to be efficiently followed through throughout the policy process in order to be certain the the policy will in fact solve the problem that is at hand as well as be able to improve the quality of life for all citizens. The stages included in the establishment of a policy include: agenda building, formulation, adoption, implementation, evaluation, and termination. There are many situations that represent the economic need that America has for an improvement in health care as well as the introduction of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which is also known as the Health Care Reform. Before the country was able to experience the benefits of this policy, going through...
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...The Policy Process Part 1 The Policy Process Part I Tobacco use and the effects of second hand smoke have been an ongoing issue for many years. Looking at the attitude of the 1950’s and 1960’s when smoking was thought of as cool, suave, mature, etc., there has been a major turnaround in the way society looks at the use of tobacco. Now the issue is not just smoking and the damage to health that it causes, but now there is the additional awareness of what second hand smoke can do to individuals. It used to be commonplace to smoke in a hospital room and now due to the changes in the laws, smoking is not even allowed on the campus of a hospital. Many if not all large buildings including government buildings ban smoking in and around the buildings. This paper will present information on the first part of the policy process that includes the formulation stage, legislative stage, and the implementation stage. The goal is to provide enough information on these stages so that the reader will be better informed in the process of policy making. Identify the Problem As with anything a problem must first be identified. In this case the problem that is to be discussed is second hand smoke and its effects on the public. In recent years the effects of second hand smoke have started to be brought into the public eye. What is second hand smoke? According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (n.d.) second hand smoke is a combination of smoke from two sources, the smoke...
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...The Policy Process: Part I HCS/455 In the United States, Veteran’s health care at an economical rate is a continuous debate. It is warranted that the health care should improve at a constant rate to uphold the health needs of veterans, new and old. Government has the veterans association (VA) and with all the help it has available for veterans there are still times when that care is not enough. There are so many individuals that are without health care because of one reason for another and it leaves many injured and hurt veterans without the care they need and deserve. Better access to health for veterans, men and women is important since many new problems such as PTSD have become better understood and need more focus and to be better addressed. (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2007). Policies are evaluated to enhance the health care system. Steps are closely followed to ensure successful policy implementation. Three major phases, namely formulation stage, legislative stage, and the implementation stage, are positioned to enhance the policy on care and assistance for health care policies with the VA. (va.gov, 2014). Formulation phase encompasses evaluating ideas, concepts, proposals, solutions, and researching data prior to policy process. Legislative phase aims to help health care organizations in policy process. Policy is presented before legislators and health care agency then must negotiate execution and any possible modifications may occur at this point (Williams-Crowe &...
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...Capital Budget Policy and Process Vernita Davis-Knight Susan Friguglietti Edna Primas Ronald Rehn University of Phoenix-Online February 27, 2008 Capital Budget Policy and Process Capital budgeting is the process by which capital investment decisions are made. Capital can be described as an organization’s operating assets (Diamond, Hanson &, Murphy, 1994). The capital budgeting process includes "planning, setting goals and priorities, arranging financing, and identifying criteria for making long-term investments" (Diamond et al., 1994, p. 463). Previously, capital budgets were known as plant and equipment budgets (Berman, Kukla &, Weeks, 1994). As the previous term implies, most capital expenditures are long-term investments for plant or equipment investments. Most, if not all, organizations have limited financial resources and must decide how to invest the financial resources for the best advantage of the organization. Capital investment decisions have a significant impact on the organization since large amounts of the organization’s resources are at risk for extended periods of time. This makes capital budgeting one of the most important decision making opportunities an organization can undertake (Diamond et al., 1994). There are two basic types of capital budgeting projects, independent projects and mutually exclusive projects. The independent project does not affect the cash flow of other projects. That is, regardless of whether the project is accepted...
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...The Policy Process: Formulation, Legislation and Implementation Jackie Crawford HCS/455 December-21-2015 James Mc Manus The Policy Process: Formulation, Legislation and Implementation To start the policy process, the issue the policy was created for must be identified, as well as the policies holding the answer to the problem. Stakeholders and researchers will consider the idea to find if the policy will reach agenda making policy. Policies must be used to improve the health and wellbeing of society. The Unite States (US), the formulation of new policy’s that require public health related plans and come from local, state, or federal legislations the govern ruling that covers health and regulations. I will discuss the stages and how the topic becomes a policy. Objective of Policy In the United States (US), for many women, they will experience some form extreme violence in their lifetime, with approximately 27% of women reporting uninvited sexual contact. “At the end of 2011, 23% of all people living with HIV in the United States were women Black/African American and Hispanic/Latina women continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV, compared with women of other races/ethnicities” CDC, (2015). The report has estimated 36% of all US women, have experienced and reported intimate partner violence (IPV), physical violence, rape, and stalking. Women are living with HIV, are reporting the prevalence of IPV, at 55% reported by women with HIV. Additionally, further trauma...
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...The Policy Process: Formulation, Legislation and Implementation HCS/455 24 November, 2014 The Policy Process: Formulation, Legislation and Implementation In order to first start a policy process, the problem for which a policy is to be created must be identified and the policy holding a solution to the problem. Researchers and stakeholders will investigate the problem to identify if the policy will reach the policy making agenda. Policies must be to improve society’s health and wellbeing. In the United States (U.S.) public health related issues that require a formulation of a new policy and come from local, state, or federal legislations which ruling govern the provision of health care services and regulations. In this paper the stages in which a topic becomes a policy will be discussed. Objective of Policy For many, it is a scary thought to go to a hospital. This is because of fear of contracting an infectious disease while at the hospital. The disease could be contracted from the waiting room or from improper procedures from staff members. When a patient enters a hospital, that person could have a serious illness and that illness could potentially be highly contagious. The Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) is put in place from the federal government as an advisory committee to provide guidance on the processes for infection control. The primary activity of the Committee is to provide advice on periodic updating of...
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