...recommendations to the sport of Badminton’s general reputation by using statistics of Australian Children’s participation with references to the individual, interpersonal and institutional levels of Figueroa’s framework. Figueroa’s Framework is a structural foundation developed by Professor Peter Figueroa. His theory focuses on the different factors affecting an individual with regards to participation in health and physical activity such as a person’s race. His framework investigates social factors such as Individual, Interpersonal, Institutional, Structural and Cultural level of influence, of which are all connected in one way or another. The Individual level focuses on the individual’s personal values,...
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...its influence on the youth population. I examined James A. Mathisen’s (1990) sociological article about Gil Dodds establishing Muscular Christianity as a norm in culture. Muscular Christianity has been through different stages during the late 1700s through 1900s. Each stage was influenced by very important men who helped contribute fundamentalist idealisms in their time. His case study analyzed the involvements of Thomas Arnold, Charles Kingsley, Thomas Hughes, Charles Studd, Bud Schaeffer and Gil Dodds. Each of these men had different interpretations of muscular Christianity based off of their backgrounds. Mathisen compared each interpretation and created a timeline of contributions to the rise of modern day religious sport culture. Past to Present: The Influence of “Muscular Christianity” Muscular Christianity is a religious connection of Christianity to physical well-being. Many organizations today are influenced by this modern day form of Christianity. The YMCA an organization we are all familiar with is a prime example of combining religious values with healthy living. The YMCA’s mission incorporates values such as honesty, responsibility, and caring. They focus on youth development and physical health. Youth ministries are included in their programs for youth. The YMCA is an organization founded from the past contributions of the individuals Mathisen listed in his article. The organizations like this one have such positive effects on our youth. They provide safe and...
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...The Association Between School-Based Physical Activity, Including Physical Education, and Academic Performance U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Division of Adolescent and School Health www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth Revised Version — July 2010 (Replaces April 2010 Early Release) Acknowledgments: This publication was developed for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH) under contract #200-2002-00800 with ETR Associates. Suggested Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2010. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary . 5 Introduction . 8 Methods 10 Conceptual Definitions . 10 Inclusion Criteria . 10 Identification of Studies that Met the Inclusion Criteria . 11 Classification of Studies . 11 Study Coding Process . 12 Data Analysis . 13 Results . 14 School-Based Physical Education Studies . 16 Recess Studies . 19 Classroom Physical Activity Studies . 21 Extracurricular Physical Activity Studies . 24 28 Summary . Overall Findings . 28 Findings for Physical...
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...the negative affects of video games over the positive effects until recently. Children and adolescents become addicted to video games easily so it is important to monitor what they are playing and how it is affecting them and their character. A recent study on many boys and girls reported why they are entertained by these games and how it affects them as a whole. Many children and teens in today’s generation have a favorite pastime of playing video games. It is easy for any parent to not like these video games and to blame their child’s bad behavior on them playing these games. According to the article, Children’s Motivations for Video Game Play in the Context of Normal Development, boys and girls enjoy playing video games for many different reasons. Regardless of the negative effects some have found video games to create, there are many positive effects that go unrecognized. “For some video game skill seemed important to their self-esteem, especially if they had less success in other areas such as academics or sports” (Olsen, 2010). Self-esteem plays a significant role in the creation of a child’s character. These children and teens teach, learn, and communicate with a great deal of others their age around the world. There are so many different types of video games that help these children relieve stress, feel a sense of leadership, creativity, etc. We learned through our research that video games do not always have a negative effect on...
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...the negative affects of video games over the positive effects until recently. Children and adolescents become addicted to video games easily so it is important to monitor what they are playing and how it is affecting them and their character. A recent study on many boys and girls reported why they are entertained by these games and how it affects them as a whole. Many children and teens in today’s generation have a favorite pastime of playing video games. It is easy for any parent to not like these video games and to blame their child’s bad behavior on them playing these games. According to the article, Children’s Motivations for Video Game Play in the Context of Normal Development, boys and girls enjoy playing video games for many different reasons. Regardless of the negative effects some have found video games to create, there are many positive effects that go unrecognized. “For some video game skill seemed important to their self-esteem, especially if they had less success in other areas such as academics or sports” (Olsen, 2010). Self-esteem plays a significant role in the creation of a child’s character. These children and teens teach, learn, and communicate with a great deal of others their age around the world. There are so many different types of video games that help these children relieve stress, feel a sense of leadership, creativity, etc. We learned through our research that video games do not always have a negative effect on...
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...Journal of Sports Sciences ISSN: 0264-0414 (Print) 1466-447X (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rjsp20 Do weight categories prevent athletes from relative age effect? Nicolas Delorme To cite this article: Nicolas Delorme (2014) Do weight categories prevent athletes from relative age effect?, Journal of Sports Sciences, 32:1, 16-21, DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2013.809470 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.809470 Published online: 24 Jul 2013. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 342 View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 5 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rjsp20 Download by: [Universiteit Leiden / LUMC] Date: 31 May 2016, At: 04:05 Journal of Sports Sciences, 2014 Vol. 32, No. 1, 16–21, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.809470 Do weight categories prevent athletes from relative age effect? NICOLAS DELORME University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire Cultures, Education, Sociétés, Bordeaux, France Downloaded by [Universiteit Leiden / LUMC] at 04:05 31 May 2016 (Accepted 24 May 2013) Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether weight categories prevent young athletes from being exposed to a relative age effect. The dates of birth of all French female (n = 727) and male (n = 5440) amateur boxers who participated in the 2010–2011...
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...Decisions in Paradise Part II Decisions in Paradise Part II Kava, an important tropical island nation in the South Pacific, overwhelmed with social, environmental, economic, and financial pressures. We are here at the request of the government of Kava, and with the support of its citizens. The Company is reviewing our ideas to relieve some of these pressures. Implementing some sort of youth-oriented work study and organized activity program, and investing to improve the infrastructure of Kava. Although these ideas are worthwhile, ideas without a plan to actualize them are just ideas. We assessed the effects of the problems, and we have identified problems we wish to solve. A decision, one way or the other, must be made. Several decision-making processes are available for use to determine the best course of action. The purpose of a decision-making process is to diagnose the issues needing clarification, identifying options and the impacts of those options, and finally to arrive at a conclusive decision. We will use the Six Thinking Hats technique to scrutinize our ideas and arrive at the best decision for the nation of Kava and its people. Six Thinking Hats is a decision making process, developed by Edward de Bono, which allows us to explore different points of view about difficult challenges (The de Bono Group LLC ). Seeing ideas from differing points is a sound strategy to follow when tackling complex issues. The Value Based Management (2010) website states...
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...Sports, Youth and Character: A Critical Survey Robert K. Fullinwider* Institute for Philosophy & Public Policy University of Maryland * rkf@umd.edu CIRCLE WORKING PAPER 44 FEBRUARY 2006 CIRCLE Working Paper 44: February 2006 Sports, Youth and Character: A Critical Survey TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION....................................... 3 a. methodological limitations..................... 4 b. conceptual and theoretical infelicities...... 5 II. THE LESSONS OF SPORT......................... 5 III. BASICS................................................ 6 a. too much too early?.............................. 8 b. competition’s role understood ............... 11 c. competition, participation, and fun......... 12 d. not enough?........................................ 14 IV. WHAT CAN WE CONCLUDE?.................... 15 V. THE MICROWORLD OF PARTICIPATION...... 17 VI. APPENDIX A......................................... 19 a. Shields and Bredemeier...................... 19 a.1. moral maturity: what are psychologists looking for?............ 22 a.2. game thinking............................. 24 a.3. moral confusion........................... 25 b. Stoll, Lumpkin, Beller, and Hahm.............. 27 It has been recognized for centuries that sport can contribute to education values that make for the development of character and right social relations . . . . [Within this contribution] there are many intertwined and interwoven threads of influences...
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...The need for sport and exercise Assignment Q5) A positive externality is an unintended spill over effect from a positive activity to a third party resulting from a transaction which they had no direct involvement. We see reference to positive externalities in the extract as they generate a positive externality from a fitter and healthier population. Q6) My first significant point of comparison is that ‘family’ sports such as walking, swimming and snooker etc. have the highest numbers of figures. However activities that are not beneficial for the family to take part in, have the lowest figures such as weight training which you can only properly do at a certain age and the likes of bowls and badminton. Any age and gender can do walking however hence why walking has the overall highest figures for both men and women. My second significant point of comparison is the highest and the lowest overall figures on the table. The highest figure is the walking activity, the reason for this being that anyone can take part in walking and it requires no money unless you want to get specialised walking equipment. Walking costs no money at all and allows you to explore literally anywhere you want. Males and females can take part in walking as well; this is why there is only a 2 person difference between men and women. The lowest figures are joint between badminton and bowls. The reason for this being that these activities require equipment to play whereas walking for instance, does not...
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...Title The effect of adolescents’ participation in sports towards their self-esteem INTRODUCTION Background As we all know, people who do more sport activities can improve the physical health and mental health. Over half of the respondents failed the standard of the ‘baseline indicator’ of physical activity level (Hong Kong Government, 2009). The standard of Baseline indicator is defined by National Association of Sport and Physical Education and US Center for Disease Control. For adolescents conducted at least three days per week and for at least 20 minutes a day of moderate physical activity (Hui, et al, 2009). However, only 60% of adolescents in Hong Kong doing the exercise at least 20 minutes of moderate physical in three days per week in 2008 (LCSD, 2011).It is worthwhile to compare with low participation sport, middle participation sport and high participation sport. Adolescents’ self-esteem is another key of the phenomenon which is needed to focus on. Hong Kong children regarded as lack of confidence. Chan (2000) explored nearly half of 360 children have lower self-esteem, 31% with medium level of self-esteem and 22% represented higher. Moreover, YMCA associated with the Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao Youth Research Institute (2001) claimed that 40% of secondary school students in Hong Kong ‘fail’ in self-confidence because Hong Kong society emphasis on academic achievement more than extracurricular activities. It is worthwhile to examine whether...
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...considered an emergency? 5 If the problem is episodic or recurring, how often does it occur? 6 What is the etiology of the problem? 6 What is the cause-and-effect relationship? 7 Who first recognized the problem? 7 Multi-perspectives on the problem? 8 Who is involved in promoting the proposed change, and how are they perceived? 8 Who can serve as effective spokespersons for the proposed change? 9 Has anyone tried to address the problem and what happened? 10 Identification and analysis of a specific target population. 10 Identification and analysis of sponsor/s 11 Identification and analysis of interventions and resources 11 Goal for the Intervention. 11 What anticipated costs related to the proposed change can be itemized? 12 What will this problem cost the organization or community if nothing is done? 12 Identification and Analysis of Objectives or Action Steps 13 Timeline of the interventions, objectives and tasks 13 Conclusion 14 A Proposal for The Construction of a Baseball Field Introduction There is an ever growing need for recreational facilities. The creation of this amenities will help build the community and individual successes. The development of the youth of the municipality greatly depends on the exploitation of their talents in baseball and other sports, as such the success of the youth may be regarded as the city’s success (Bailey, 2014). With this proposed project’s implementation, the improvement of the people’s lifestyle will be hastened...
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...2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez 2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez Juvenile Delinquency in Manila Juvenile Delinquency in Manila CR-21 CR-21 CHAPTER I Introduction A. Background of the study Delinquents is from the legislatic point of view the minors committing criminal act are not called criminals but delinquents. The persons under eighteen who commit violations of law are called delinquents. The penal codes of almost all the civilized nations make special provisions for the treatment of delinquents in law courts. There is a consensus among criminologists that delinquents should be reformed rather than punished. Earlier, it was mentioned that, throughout most of the world, juvenile offending has been recognized for hundreds of years. It would be logical to wonder exactly how juvenile offenders in historical times were handled. For one thing, as indicated earlier, there were, however, juvenile institutions and other procedures for handling juveniles that were created in America during the 19th (Roseheim et al. 2002). Historical accounts of the development of the juvenile justice system throughout the world indicate that before separate institutions and proceedings for juveniles were established in the 19th, juveniles were often treated as if they were small adults. Even children of royal families in England, for example, were exposed to adult situations, such as sexual activity among adults, and were thought to be ready for adult roles in society if they...
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...College of Health and Life Sciences Department of Life Sciences Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences SP 1804 Introduction of Physical Activity Health and Wellbeing ASSESSED COURSEWORK Part 1 Essay Part 2 Conference Reviews STUDENT ID 1541706 WORD COUNT ESSAY 2000 WORD COUNT CONFERENCE REVIEW 1 1000 WORD COUNT CONFERENCE REVIEW 2 1000 Study Block Leader Dr Louise Mansfield Within this essay I have demonstrated a clear understanding of the ways that physical activity can contribute to physical, psychological and social improvements in health and wellbeing. According to World Health Organisation, WHO, Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure, (WHO, 2015). There are various concepts on health and wellbeing and remains a complex subject but according to Claude Bouchard, Health is a human condition with physical, psychological, social dimensions, each characterized on a continuum with positive and negative poles. Positive health is associated with capacity to enjoy life and withstand challenges; it is not merely the absence of disease. (Bouchard, 1990). Wellbeing is often described as a sense of good feeling and functioning well, this includes having a fair share of material recourses, influence and control, sense of meaning, belonging and connection with people and the capability to manage problems and change. (Wellbeingenterprises.org.uk, 2015) The human body has...
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...DESK RESEARCH TO EXAMINE THE INFLUENCE OF MARKETING AND ADVERTISING BY THE ALCOHOL INDUSTRY ON YOUNG PEOPLE’S ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Research prepared for the World Health Organization by the Centre for Social Marketing at the University of Strathclyde Emma Cooke, Gerard Hastings and Susan Anderson March 2002 Acknowledgements For acquisition and translation of international data: Jill Bain, Marina Biniari, Liliana Carcamo and Ingrid Kajzer. For comments on the final draft: Anne Marie MacKintosh For administrative support: Kathryn Angus and Aileen Paton. CONTENTS Page No 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY 2 3.0 METHODOLOGY 4 4.0 RESULTS 7 4.1 Advertising 7 4.1.1 Econometric Studies 7 4.1.2 Consumer Studies 11 4.2 Other Forms of Marketing 15 4.3 Developing and Transitional Countries 21 REFERENCES 25 1.0 INTRODUCTION At the World Health Organization Ministerial Conference on Young People and Alcohol in Stockholm (February 2001) considerable concern was expressed about the nature and pervasiveness of advertising and marketing by the alcohol industry. Explicit examples were shown of alcohol promotion exploiting the themes of sexual, sporting and lifestyle success, often in direct violation of advertising codes. Furthermore, many of the advertising examples displayed images of excessive consumption. In addition, the Conference noted...
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...A study on perception of soft drinks and fast foods advertisements and its impact on youth lifestyle and eating habits Today it is a matter of great pride to see that India as a nation stands with a population of 1,166,079,217 (July 2009) and out of which two-third of the population lies below 35 years of age. India is considered as one of the youngest nation in the world. According to various national and international organisations the age group of youth generally lies between 15-35 years. This vulnerable group is being highly influenced by the advertising industry whose focus has shifted from family and elderly to youth and kids. With the increased employment of youngsters due to the entry of BPO’s, KPO’s, MNC’s in the Indian sub-continent, marketers have got a new set of potential buyers in the form of young and restless . This segment comprises of those who are more open to adapt new products, ideas and follow trends set up by advertising world. Advertising today carries the blame of manipulating and duping audience. The moment you open your idiot box for multifaceted reasons you can see a clutter of advertisements, a commercial of 7 up ends up with a girl kissing a boy, ads of all juices making claims that all of them are preservative free, dangerous stunts being performed in ads of Thumps up and Mountain dew, open and free broadcast of inner wears at prime time encouraging the opposite sex to assault. All advertisement of several branded deo’s end in seductive mode. Ads...
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