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The Princess

In: Business and Management

Submitted By poochy05
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Astronomy
SCI 101

The Solar System
• System of moving masses held together by gravitational forces.

• What is the gravitational force?
• What is at the center of the solar system?

Geocentric Model of the Universe
• Earth-centered model • Proposed that the Earth is the center of the universe • Proposed that the Earth is motionless and that the sun, moon and planets revolved around the Earth. • This model is no longer valid

Heliocentric Model of the Universe
• Sun-centered model • Proposed that the sun is the center of the universe • Developed by Nicolaus Copernicus • Tycho Brahe did further experiments • Brahe’s data were edited by Johannes Kepler

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary of Motion
• Kepler’s 1st Law: Law of Elliptical Orbits
▫ All planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun. The sun is at one focus of the ellipse.

• Kepler’s 2nd Law: Law of Equal Areas
▫ An imaginary line joins a planet to the sun and sweeps out equal areas in equal periods of time.

• Kepler’s 3rd Law: The Harmonic Law
▫ The square of the sidereal period of a planet is proportional to the cube of it’s semi-major axis.
 Sidereal period is the time for one complete revolution around the sun

Terrestrial Planets
• Inner planets; closer to the sun • Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars • They are called terrestrial because they have physical and chemical characteristics resembling those of the Earth

Jovian Planets
• Outer planets; further away from the sun • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune • These planets resemble Jupiter
▫ These planets have gaseous outer layers

Planets in Order of Increasing Distance from the Sun
• • • • • • • • Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Periods of the Planets
• Rotational Period:
▫ The times it takes the planet to spin on its axis ▫ The earth’s gravitational attraction to the moon (and the Sun but mostly the moon) and its rotation

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