...Role and Importance of Media in Pakistan Communication channels through which news, entertainment, education, data or promotional messages are disseminated. Media includes every broadcasting and narrowcasting medium such as newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax, and internet. Media is the plural of medium and can take a plural or singular verb, depending on the sense intended. Before discussing the importance and drawbacks of media we should go through the History of Media in Pakistan. Print is the oldest media of mass communication. Newspapers can reach greater masses of public. They allow readers to control exposure. This not only gives us the facts about an event or issue but also explains and interprets them. In 1947, Pakistan inherited a weak press with very little law for controlling and regulating the press. Very few news were published in the newly born Pakistan. In East Pakistan and Baluchistan not a single newspaper was published. The NWFP had two daily papers. Newspapers owned by Muslims came to Pakistan. These include Daily Azad and morning news (shifted to Dhaka), Dawn, jang and anjam (set up in Karachi). After independence, a number of newspapers were published but due to financial constraint and many other reasons, their publication did not continue i.e. Roshni, inqallqb, musalman. There were only three radio stations in Lahore, Peshawar and Dhaka. English press was not so healthy at the time of independence due to educational...
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...today’s debate is ‘News is not news but what Media makes it’ and am speaking against the motion. Everything in this modern age is powered by media from the moment we wake up until we sleep at night. Have we ever asked ourselves how all of this affects our reasoning, our power to choose and our lifestyle? Since mass media is used to communicate and interact with people from various walks of life, it can often result in a conflict of opinions. The media, specifically in India, represents a convergence of paradoxes: tradition and modernity; anarchy and order; diversity and unity; conflict and cooperation; news and views; feudalism and democracy; the free market and monopoly. Mass media enjoys a very prominent role in our lives. Therefore, there are various effects of mass media on society at large. The wide reach offered by mass media is phenomenal. It can target both local and global audience. Over the years, mass media has played an important role in making people understand the meaning of democracy. We also come to know about the strengths and weaknesses of the economy of our country, the various problems faced by the nation, achievements of the nation in different sectors, through the prompt and precise reporting of different forms of media. In a country like ours, where there are many castes, religions and languages spoken, media has even more tough responsibility of conveying the true news to the citizens. Media plays a very important role in shaping the personality of people. It...
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...In general, "media" refers to various means of communication. Media refers to communication devices, which can be used to communicate and interact among two or more people. Nowadays, the most commonly used media are Newspaper, Television, Radio, and Internet. Be it the pictorial messages of the early ages, or the high-technology media that are available today, one thing that we all agree upon, is that mass media are an important part of our lives. Entertainment and media always go hand in hand, but in addition to the entertainment, mass media also remain to be an effective medium for communication, exchange of information, advertising, marketing, and in general, for expressing and sharing views, opinions, and ideas. Mass media is a double-edged sword which means that there are positive as well as negative influences of media. Advantages : The common man gets the latest news within a fraction of seconds. The distance is not at all a barrier now. The news they get through media help them in their daily life a lot. We get the latest news in our home due to the television set. We can bring out the hidden talent, we can get public opinion about certain events, current issues. Television is quite popular because people can get easy overview from news. Television also entertains and educates people. Children’s knowledge increases by watching geographical channel, quiz programs and speeches by famous personalities of different fields. Radio has its own advantages...
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...Effects of Mass Media on Pakistan Media: Media: In communication, media are the storage and transmission channels or tools used to store and deliver information or data. Mass Media: Mass Media: Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a very large audience such as the population of a nation state. Mass media is the major source of providing news and entertainment to the people who want to know who is doing what and what is happening. Following are the types of mass media. Electronic Media Print Media Interactive Media Electronic Media: Electronic Media: In the last century, a revolution in telecommunications has greatly altered communication by providing new media for long distance communication. Analog telecommunications include traditional telephony, radio, and TV broadcasts. Digital telecommunications allow for computer-mediated communication, telegraphy, and computer networks. Communications media impact more than the reach of messages. Modern communication media now allow for intense long-distance exchanges between larger numbers of people (many-to-many communication via e-mail, internet forums). On the other hand, many traditional broadcast media and mass media favor one-to-many communication (television, radio, cinema, newspaper, magazines). Print Media: Print Media Newspapers are social / commercial phenomenon because they talk about social issue of concern and have extensive commercialism attached. Interactive...
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...The Corporate Governance Role of the Media Alexander Dyck* Harvard Business School And Luigi Zingales University of Chicago May 2002 Abstract Do media play any role in corporate governance? In this paper we argue that media pressure corporate managers and directors to behave in ways that are “socially acceptable”. Sometimes this coincides with shareholders’ value maximization, others not. We provide both anecdotal and systematic evidence that media affect companies’ policy toward the environment and the amount of corporate resources that are diverted to the sole advantage of controlling shareholders. Our results have important consequences for the focus of the corporate governance debate and for the feasibility of reforms aimed at improving corporate governance around the world. * We thank Mehmet Beceren for assistance in preparing the data and Rakhesh Khurana, Jay Lorsch,, Forest Reinhardt, Richard Vietor, Andy Zelleke and seminar participants at Harvard Business School for helpful comments on an earlier draft. Alexander Dyck gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Division of Research of Harvard Business School and Luigi Zingales from the George Stigler Center at the University of Chicago. In April 1992 the Wall Street Journal published a strange ad. It was a full-page picture of a silhouette of the Board of Directors of Sears Roebuck with the title: the “non-performing assets of Sears”. The ad, paid by shareholder activist Robert Monks, exposed all the directors...
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...Today, we are living in a world dominated by media. The mass media is increasingly occupying the central stage in our lives. The mass media has an iron grip on the imagination as well as thinking faculties of the society. The programmes and features served by the mass media which instruct people not only what they should eat, drink and wear and groom them but also at times misguide them to commit heinous crimes. Mass media acts as an effective catalyst of change in society. In a materialist world of today in which everybody is hankering after power and prosperity and indulging in every kind of malpractices, it is media which brings all these things to notice and make public opinion against them. It creates public awareness. The mass media serves the society by highlighting the prevalence of such’ ills as nepotism, cronyism and corruption in institutions and by carrying on relentless campaign against them. It has been instrumental in bringing an end to the oppressive regimes of cruel rulers. It has unearthed political scandals, kickbacks received by highly placed men. In India from Hawala to Nether case, role of mass media has been highly commendable In an age of commercialisation and consumerism, the media to some extent, has deviated from its path of avowed impartiality and clean journalism. They often indulge in petty means to gain material benefits, i.e. to boost their sales. At times, what most papers give their readers is simply sensation-creating stuff. They publish...
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...By: Marwan Bishara Lilia Gomez INTL 5000 (Fall Semester) The book that I am reviewing is titled The Invisible Arab: The Promise and Peril of the Arab Revolution. It is written by a well-known political analyst named Marwan Bishara. Mr. Bishara works for the Al Jeezera (the primary news channel for the Arab world) as a Senior Political Analyst. The book is in the perspective of an Arab and not by someone within the Western media/culture. He writes about the Arab revolutions and the history behind it. Mr. Bishara debunks several thoughts of how the Arab revolutions started and how the media (both Arabic and Western) have played a major role within these causes. Mr. Bishara’ book is self-described as an essay in which he reflects on the history of the revolutions up until present and how social media and the Arab youth population played a part. He credits the youth of being able to over throw decade old customs, governments, and regimes. In addition, he describes the rise of many positive organizations that formed because of the revolutions such as women’s groups, sports teams, and a higher employment rate. Although he praises the rise of these types of organizations, Mr. Bishara faults the lack of organization and commitment to principles as the basis of what is wrong with many Islamic groups. Throughout the book, Mr. Bishara calls the...
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...being an unbiased medium for the communication of information, the U.S. media plays an intricate role in shaping and controlling political opinions. Media is extremely powerful in the sense that without an adequately functioning media, it is virtually impossible for a sophisticated social structure like the U.S. Government to exist. All known sophisticated social structures have always been dependent upon the media’s ability to socialize. The U.S. government generally will exploit the media, often times manipulating the enormous power of the printed word. This exploitation ultimately empowers the U.S. government by strengthening it with the ability to determine and control the popular perception of reality. One way in which government achieves this objective is by misusing the media’s ability to set the agenda. Contrary to popular belief, the media is in fact an enormous power in society. Separate independent news organizations do not exist for the most part. Rather than creating an independent structured agenda of their own, smaller news organizations adapt to a prepared agenda, previously constructed by a higher medium. Based upon this information alone, it is quite apparent that media has the characteristics of a hierarchical rule. In order for the U.S. government to control and determine the public’s popular perception of reality, the government must shape and oversee the information that the media reports to the people. This particular process of democracy is known and...
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...1. ------------------------------------------------- Background US -Pak relations in the last six decades have been unstable and moved in a cyclic pattern with ups and downs, sometimes having close partnership and sometimes having sharp friction between the relations, which are set according to the global and regional geopolitics.US PAK relations have different aspects during different presidencies,e.g:-during the Eisenhower, Nixon and Regan they were not smooth but during the Kennedy,Johnson,Carter,Bush and Clinton administrations however, policies were significant. Pakistan came into existence just as the cold war was started between AMERICA and SOVIET UNION. There were two camps, Soviet and US camp. Infant Pakistan and India had to pick their camps. 2.1 ------------------------------------------------- Relations during Liquat Ali khan: In 1947 liquat Ali khan became the first prime minister of Pakistan; in 1949 two invitations were received to liquat Ali khan. In 1950, Liquat Ali khan (1st pm) of Pakistan was invited by soviets and Americans, and then he chose to visit United States that was the start of Pak-Us relations, and India joined the soviet camp. When liquat ali khan visited USA he was warmly welcomed by the US president TRUMAN, here Liquat ali khan delivered a speech and said that both USA and PAKISTABN have same past both were under the colonialism and liquat ali khan was pro west so liquat Ali khan joined American block. Liquat Ali khan supported USA...
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...world country and has received rapid growth in socioeconomic and advance technologies. The globalization makes the world become smaller and all the information could be obtained easily by clicking on the computers. World without any barrier allows cultures from other countries influence the Malaysian especially the youths. There are good and bad cultures. The social problems emerged due to bad cultures from other countries. Cultures which we do not feed into our own cultural and religious values. Most young generations cannot identify and analyse what are the good and bad things. It could be eliminate the moral values in each young generation. The social evils that are plaguing our society today could hardly be catalogued, they are uncountable in the true sense of the assertion. Among the prominent social problems are the escalating crime waves, religious intolerance, disrespect for elders, laziness and lateness of duty, widespread of diseases, ostentatious spending, abortion, pre-marital pregnancy, elope (run off secretly to be married and usually without the consent or knowledge of one’s parent), disciplinary problem, psychological problem, slow down development of the country, and alcohol consumption. These are the effects of our social problem among Malaysian youth. First of all we will discuss the escalating crime waves among our Malaysian youth. These days our Malaysian youth are involve in many crime whether its small or big. One of the most common among our youth...
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...Interview 6 Small Scale Implementations 7 Conclusion 8 Bibliography 9 Charts……………………………………………………………………………………………………10 Appendix 11 Executive Summary Teenage crimes as we all know are those crimes which are performed by people aging between 13-19 years old. These crimes are performed all over the world but unfortunately these crimes have been on the rise in Pakistan for the last 5 years. My objective was to find out who are responsible for the increase in teenage crimes. For this purpose I Conducted a survey from our fellow students and also interviewed a Deputy Supretendant of Police to get his views about this particular issue. The results we found showed that teenage crimes are a reason behind many problems of our country and steps should be taken to reduce this as soon as possible otherwise condition of our country will become much worse because a country cannot develop without its youth. “The Youth of today are the future of tomorrow and a country cannot prosper and develop without the contribution of its youth”:- (Bill Gates) Introduction Teenage Crimes Teenage Crimes or Juvenile crimes are those crimes which are performed by people whose ages are between 13-19 Years. Expert says that the crimes performed by this age group are the most dangerous because the mind is not mature enough...
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...In today's world the press and media are impressions of Gene Roberts and Hank Klibanoff's, The Race Beat: The Press, The Civil Rights Struggle, and The Awakening of a Nation. The role of media is seen from generation to generation. The book records the progression of how the media reported the Civil Rights Movement and the issues and circumstances involving race that the media utilized. The Race Beat examines the United States press. It demonstrates many years of disregarding the issues of racism and recognizing the significance of the civil rights. White press reporting of African-Americans in the south was overlooked. Only the negative things were recognized. Discrimination had an impact on communicating what was going on at this time. This has transformed into one of the most essential news periods of America's time. It shows the role that the press had in...
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...Examine the ways in which two of the following agencies may shape the process of socialisation: family; education; mass media; religion. (24 marks) Socialisation is the process of learning social norms and values, these for example, things like manners and ways to behave around people and what behaviour is suitable for your gender. From birth onwards all individuals go through a process of socialisation during which they learn the norms and values of their society and certain factors influence your interpretation of society and what norms and values you have been taught. Family socialisation begins the process through which learn and develop to be the adult persons they become. For some adults, their interaction with family continues in such a close relationship that the family maintains a dominant role in their on-going socialisation. Most of the time growing up is spent with family and so this is what is called a primary relationship, it’s important that we learnt the dos and don’ts from them. However when you get older it becomes less important in the socialisation process as other agencies take over from the family. Comparisons between classes show big differences, for example it has been proven that working class families use more simple sentences whereas middle class use more complex sentences which links to achievements in school, this shows how different class families contribute to family socialisation. Child rearing practices such as nutrition, sleeping and...
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...Topic: Discuss the extent to which arts, sports and media both reflect and influence culture. Word Count: Introduction: 24529 24530 In the world today, virtually every individual is part of a culture Art, sports and media heavily influence and reflect culture as it permeates everyday lives of society. Arts, sports and media coincide and go hand in hand with each other defining who we are today through a variety of different ways. Sport reflects and influences culture immensely and holds a variety of different meanings across different cultures. Internationally Australian culture is perceived as laid back, with hot summers, drinking beers and watching or participating in sports. It refers to “the values, ceremonies and way of life characteristic of a given group and the place of sport within that way of life” (Jarvie, 2006). Cricket is one of Australia’s most popular summer sport that has been around since the colonial days. It is one of the many sports that clearly identify our Australian culture with the influence from media advertisements in local newspapers to television, Foxtel, radio and internet, “it is part of the social and cultural fabric of different localities, regions and nations” (Jarvie, 2006). A case study that was conducted by Nathan Saad on the Sydney cricket ground (SCG), demonstrates the roles of understanding the significance of sport in Australian...
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...What is Media? What is media? Media is the main means of mass communication. What is new media? Defining new media is not easy because it is a very broad term, but more or less, new media refers to the new means of communication such as television, social networks, emails, etc. Anyway, it is often said that the media transformed the world into a global village where the world is linked by the means of the new media. Distances became relatively shorter and communicating with someone became easier. What are the effects of the media on our society? Does the media impact the world negatively or positively? Will turning different regions of the world into one global village have its disadvantages? The media, like television and radio, increases the awareness of people in the society. It helps inform people about what is going on and what is happening around them. In addition, they aid to improve our general knowledge. Also, newspapers update us with the latest news. They deliver all kinds of information whether it’s political, intellectual or entertaining such as sports fashion, and so on. Everything that the society faces will be published in the newspaper. Thus, it serves as an incentive to people to read in order to stay updated with the situation in the country. Thanks to the media, we can know anything that happens in the world within minutes, better yet seconds. For example, news channels such as ‘MTV’ and ‘Al-Jadeed’ created new applications to update people...
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